Volume 11 | Issue 6

 Abstract

Digital images are often used in several domains. Large amount of data is necessary to represent the digital images so the transmission and storage of such images are time- consuming and infeasible. Hence the information in the images is compressed by extracting only the visible elements. Normally the image compression technique can reduce the storage and transmission costs. During image compression, the size of a graphics file is reduced in bytes without disturbing the quality of the image beyond an acceptable level. Several methods such as Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), DWT, etc. are used for compressing the images. But, these methods contain some blocking artifacts. In order to overcome this difficulty and to compress the image efficiently, a combination of DCT and fractal image compression techniques is proposed. DCT is employed to compress the color image while the fractal image compression is employed to evade the repetitive compressions of analogous blocks. Analogous blocks are found by using the Euclidean distance measure. Here, the given image is encoded by means of Huffman encoding technique. The implementation result shows the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in compressing the color image. Also, a comparative analysis is performed to prove that our system is competent to compress the images in terms of Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) and Universal Image Quality Index (UIQI) measurements. We introduce a new way to use fractal coding for image compression, based on the parallel use of a fractal encoder and a DCT encoder. The two encoders are given the complementary roles to capture the information of edge and smooth variation, and the information of detail respectively. We show the advantage of using this hybrid coding scheme over the use of a fractal encoder alone, or a DCT encoder alone. This coding scheme is also the occasion to demonstrate a new concept of coding by nonlinear feature separation based on regular and uniform algorithms, suitable for real-time VLSI implementation

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 Keywords

Pixel,Image,frame,video

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Currently, in most of the educational organizations attendance is being taken using conventional methods which is time consuming and is prone to human errors. These methods include signature of students on paper, calling their names in the classroom. Through these methods it gets really difficult to manage attendance of large number of students. As technology is evolving, new techniques and algorithms have been developed and optimised to improve face recognition and in the field of machine learning. The proposed model, uses these Machine learning techniques to take attendance with minimum human intervention. We are employing Haar cascade classifier with OpenCV to determine the positive and negative characteristics of the face(i.e. face detection) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm for face recognition and classification, all of which are implemented using Python, Tensorflow and OpenCV libraries.

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Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Haar cascade classifier, Python, OpenCV, Tensorflow libraries, Database, Attendance of Student

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The objective of this study was to demonstrate and evaluate the suspending property of newly isolated and purified EmCell in liquid oral suspensions of paracetamol. Isolation of cellulose from Citrus limetta was done by following the process and modifying it for citrus limetta that is described by Sania Naz et.al[11]. , and then it was characterized by solubility, pH, flow rate and viscosity. The characterized cellulose was then used as a suspending agent for the preparation of suspensions containing paracetamol as a model drug. The prepared formulations were then evaluated for different parameters such as sedimentation volume, redispersibility, flow rate, pH, viscosity, and other physical examination. The isolated cellulose is a polysaccharide with no impurities and nontoxic in nature. It has got enough swellability and good viscosity. The prepared suspensions were evaluated, and the results such as sedimentation volume, redispersibility, flow rate, pH, viscosity, and other physical examination showed its suspending property. The comparative study shows that EmCell showed the suspending ability, various concentration of EmCell is used and the suspension is formulated and evaluated. Thus, by this study, it can be stated that the EmCell possesses all the criteria needed by a standard suspending agent.

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 Keywords

EmCell (cellulose obtained from Citrus limetta ), suspending agent, sedimentation volume

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 Abstract

This article explores the profound influence of choices on human existence as depicted in the literary works of David Foster Wallace, specifically focusing on his novels Infinite Jest and The Pale King. Through a comprehensive analysis of characters, events, and themes, this article highlights Wallace's ability to challenge societal values, raise consciousness, and provide deep insights into the human condition. By delving into the philosophical nature of Wallace's writing, readers are invited to reimagine prevailing ideologies and embrace a broader perspective. This study sheds light on the depth and significance of Wallace's works, offering a compelling exploration of their profound impact on readers and their capacity to provoke philosophical contemplation.

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Entertainment, Addictions, Consciousness, Philosophical Exploration, Sincerity, Cultural shifts, Media influence.

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Today we live in a developing era, where we all have access to the internet and depend on it to collect various information in our daily life. As we know the Internet is a very vast topic, which is a collection of various websites, and its size is increasing day by day that it becomes hard for users to differentiate between real and duplicate content present on the websites. It is a challenging task for users to search for relevant and required information from such a huge source of information present over the internet. When a person searches for any information or site the information that is on the top are those which are most viewed or top rated, but some sites are underrated but the content area is worth viewing and using. This paper aims to reorganize the website using Metaheuristics optimization in a way that the top searches will be those whose content is more relevant to the searches. Metaheuristic algorithms will be used to extract useful information from the literature. It will help in recommending sites from different web organizations. It will help in improving the user's experience on websites.

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firefly algorithm, genetic algorithm, web reorganization

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With the advancement in the field of science and technology, which had made the human life easier several developments have also been done in the domain of human reproduction. Surrogacy is one among them as it is a complex situation of application of technology to assist reproduction where many actors from different socio economic background are involved in the whole process. The technological innovations has changed the whole picture of society at basic level be it family, marriage and kinship. The traditional concepts of these institutions have all together changed as society is in a state of transformation due to scientific advancements.

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Key words: Surrogacy, Society, Reproductive Technologies

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The demand for mushrooms is steadily increasing as a result of their appeal in terms of cooking, nutrition, and health benefits. They are also being explored for their potential in waste management. In the Indian market, the growth of the mushroom industry is primarily driven by a rising health consciousness among consumers who seek nutrient-rich and cholesterol-free food options. Additionally, the growing trend of veganism and the recognition of mushrooms as a flavourful meat substitute contribute to the market's expansion. The utilization of mushrooms in dietary supplements, thanks to their high fiber content and digestive enzymes that support gut and immune health, further drives the demand for these products. Furthermore, India is witnessing export opportunities for processed mushroom varieties, particularly in Western countries, creating a positive outlook for the regional market. Advancements in mushroom packaging technologies, such as the development of packaging materials that regulate humidity and prevent water condensation, are also contributing to market growth. Additionally, the pharmaceutical industry's increasing use of mushrooms for treating diseases like hypercholesterolemia and hypertension catalyzes market expansion. Moreover, substantial investments in smart automation technologies for mushroom production, aimed at enhancing yield and reducing costs, are expected to further fuel the mushroom market growth in India in the foreseeable future.

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market analysis, market trends, pricing strategies, distribution channels, price spread.

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The present research is carried out to develop weaning food with from cheap, locally available grains and improving its nutritional availability by germination. The sugar was substituted with dry date powder (till 10%) to reduce sugar content of weaning food. Developed weaning foods ingredients composition was confirmed on the basis of sensory, nutritional and functional properties evaluation. The confirmed formulation was packed in three different packaging materials (LDPE pouch, HDPE standing pouch, aluminium laminate pouch) and effect of storage period on moisture content, total plate count, yeast and mold count, peroxide value were analysed to check storage stability of weaning food. The weaning food sample with 5% dry date powder and 15% sugar got highest score in sensory analysis (colour-8.3, taste-8.6, flavour-8.3, mouthfeel-8.4) and received higher overall acceptability (overall acceptability-8.3) compared to other samples. The moisture content, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber and crude ash of weaning food were increased with increase in the concentration of dry date powder. However, carbohydrates were decreased with decrease in dry date powder. The iron and calcium content were increased with increased with increase in dry date powder. The water absorption capacity and swelling capacity were directly proportional to the concentration of dry date powder. The moisture content, total plate count, yeast and mold count, peroxide value were in acceptable limit in all packaging material but slight less in aluminium laminate pouch as compare to HDPE standing pouch and LDPE pouch after the period of 42 days.

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Malnutrition, weaning food, germinated soybean flour, germinated pearl millet flour, germinated barley flour, skim milk powder, dry date powder

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ABSTRACT Rural Development (RD) is a dynamic concept. It is necessary to accelerate the pace of overall economic development of the country. RD is more than just economic growth and indicates the positive change of social, economic and political sectors along with other aspects. It not only includes upgrading in physical infrastructures but also rise in production and consumption, fulfilment of basic needs as well as improvement in quality of life. In the Aspect of developing countries, the importance of science and technology for rural development has been familiar to a much greater level. within rural area, there have been improvements in different areas such as the occupation of the people, educational institutions, , small scale industries, agriculture, sources of energy, water, housing, information technology, women and employment opportunity. Developments and growth in every one have been as a result of consumption of original techniques and science. Agriculture is the chief work in rural areas and people have become conscious of advanced agricultural techniques, irrigation methods, seeds, and fertilizers and so forward. This paper basically focus on science and technology from an Indian perspective as well as Tripura perspective for Rural Rural Development.

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Keywords: Science, Technology, Development, Rural Development, Economic Growth

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 Abstract

कला और विज्ञान की संगति हमारे समय में एक रोमांचक विषय है। चित्रकारी दुनिया भर में आर्टिस्टों के द्वारा उत्पन्न की जाने वाली सुंदरता को दर्शाने का एक प्रमुख माध्यम है। हालांकि, आर्टिस्ट द्वारा चित्रकारी की प्रक्रिया में एक संघर्ष सामने आता है - मानवीय अवस्था, सामग्री, और समय की सीमाओं के कारण विस्तारित समय और मेहनत की आवश्यकता। इस संघर्ष को हल करने के लिए, आर्टिफिशियल इंटेलिजेंस (AI) विज्ञान में एक महत्वपूर्ण क्षेत्र बन गया है जिसने चित्रकारी के क्षेत्र में नए दरवाजे खोल दिए हैं। यह शोध पत्र चित्रकारी के आगामी दौर पर आर्टिफिशियल इंटेलिजेंस की प्रगति के साथ विचार करता है।

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कीवर्ड : चित्रकारी, आगामी दौर, आर्टिफिशियल इंटेलिजेंस, प्रगति, तकनीकी उन्नति, मशीन लर्निंग, डीप लर्निंग, जनरेटिव एडवर्सरियल नेटवर्क्स, एनक्रिप्टेड डेटा, ट्रांसफर लर्निंग

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This study aimed to investigate the relationship between marital status and altruism, goal setting, and couple satisfaction among adults aged 30 to 45. A sample of 100 participants, including 25 married men, 25 unmarried men, 25 married women, and 25 unmarried women, completed measures of couple satisfaction, altruism, and goal setting. The results indicated that married individuals had higher levels of couple satisfaction compared to unmarried individuals. Additionally, married individuals displayed greater levels of altruism and goal setting tendencies. Correlation analyses revealed positive associations between couple satisfaction and altruism, couple satisfaction and goal setting, and altruism and goal setting. However, the relationships varied across gender and marital status groups. No significant differences were found in couple satisfaction between the groups, but significant differences were observed in altruism and goal setting. These findings contribute to the understanding of the influence of marital status on altruistic behaviours and goal-setting tendencies, highlighting the importance of considering relationship dynamics in adult populations.

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AMITY INSTITUTE OF PSYCHOLOGY AND ALLIED SCIENCES

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Data pipeline engineering plays a crucial role in the insurance industry, enabling the efficient extraction, transformation, and loading (ETL) of data to support various business processes. This paper presents a comprehensive and critical analysis of ETL frameworks, integration strategies, and scalability considerations within the insurance domain. The main objectives of this study are to examine the existing ETL frameworks used in the insurance industry, evaluate different integration strategies employed for seamless data flow, and analyze scalability challenges and solutions in data pipeline engineering. To achieve these objectives, a systematic literature review was conducted, collecting relevant scholarly articles, industry reports, and case studies. The collected data was analyzed using qualitative and quantitative techniques, allowing for a comprehensive assessment of ETL frameworks, integration strategies, and scalability considerations. The key findings of this paper highlight the strengths and weaknesses of popular ETL frameworks utilized in the insurance domain, emphasizing their performance, flexibility, and scalability. Furthermore, the analysis identifies various integration patterns and best practices, showcasing successful strategies employed in the industry. Additionally, the study presents scalability challenges faced by insurance data pipelines and explores techniques to address them effectively. The contributions of this research lie in providing insurance professionals, data engineers, and researchers with valuable insights into the selection of appropriate ETL frameworks, integration strategies, and scalability considerations. The findings serve as a guide to optimize data pipeline engineering processes, enhance data integration efficiency, and ensure scalability in the dynamic insurance environment. In conclusion, this paper offers a critical analysis of ETL frameworks, integration strategies, and scalability in the insurance industry. The study's outcomes contribute to the body of knowledge in data engineering and provide practical recommendations for improving data pipeline efficiency and effectiveness in the insurance domain.

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Data pipeline engineering, ETL frameworks, Integration strategies, Scalability considerations, Insurance industry, Data engineering, Data integration, Data pipeline efficiency, Data Quality, Data pipeline optimization, Insurance data analysis.

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Argentina is one of Latin America's largest economies and an important trading partner for the United States, China, and the European Union (EU). The country's economy is driven by the oil and gas industry, boasting significant onshore, offshore and shale oil and gas reserves, alongside its agricultural and livestock industries. Argentina's policies are rooted in Peronist ideologies and the economy has benefitted largely from the abundant natural resources available and has attempted to boost its workforce by tackling the literacy problem. Argentina does suffer from the resource curse as the abundant natural resources may have lulled policy makers into a sense of inaction when it comes to handling its foreign debts and optimally utilising the available production capacity. The main objectives of the paper are to analyse the overt development requirements of the country and outlining the policy support to the development efforts. The research is conducted based on secondary data. Secondary data were collected from the internet, website, articles from different newspapers and scholarly journals, etc.

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economy; development requirements; policy support; trading; industries; oil & gas.

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As Bitcoin has gained fashionability and acceptance as a form of payment for goods and services, numerous businesses and individualities are now accepting it as a licit form of currency. still, it has also been blamed for its volatility and its obscurity for its association with illegal conditioning. This review paper provides an in- depth analysis of the current outlook on Bitcoin, a decentralized digital currency that has attracted significant attention in recent times. The paper examines the history of Bitcoin, including its beginning technology, the blockchain. The review also highlights the major advantages and disadvantages of Bitcoin. likewise, the paper explores the future of Bitcoin. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive and over- to- date perspective on the current state of Bitcoin.

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A SURVEY ON BITCOIN : CURRENT PERSPECTIVE

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Fifth Generation (5G) Technology is a more recent generation of mobile networks in wireless communication. Evaluations in the area of mobile communication technologies are offered in this article. With the aid of next-generation mobile networks, numerous obstacles that were encountered during each phase were documented. The fifth generation (5G) of mobile networks offers everyone access to high-speed internet whenever they want, wherever they are. Due to its innovative characteristics, such linking people and controlling gadgets, machines, and objects, 5G is a little different. Different degrees of performance and capabilities offered by the 5G mobile technology will create new user experiences and link new businesses. Therefore, understanding this is crucial where the benefits of 5G can be used by businesses. In this study, it was found that in-depth investigation and analysis are revealed in a variety of areas, including millimetre wave (mmWave), massive multiple-input and multiple-output (Massive-MIMO), tiny cells, mobile edge computing (MEC), beamforming, various antenna technologies, etc. The primary goals of this article are to explore future research goals for the 5G mobile system and to highlight some of the most recent improvements made to the technology.

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5G, wireless technology,small cell, machine learning, milimeter wave(mmWave), Mobile networks.

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Prathyusha Engineering College provide transportation services to their students and staff members. However, tracking the location and availability of these transportation services can be a challenge, especially during peak hours. This can result in long waiting times, missed classes or meetings, and overall inconvenience for the users of the service. To address this problem, there is a need for a college transport tracker system that can provide real-time information on the location, schedule, and availability of transportation services to students and staff members. Overall, the pec transport tracker system aims to improve the accessibility and efficiency of transportation services on campus, and enhance the overall experience of students and staff members.

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GPRS, GPS, Interactive maps, Monitoring and Management System, Smart phones, kotlin.

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The biggest challenge for the coming centuries is the generation of power from fossil fuels. Thus, the world has been inclined towards the use of renewable resources. The idea of the generation of electric energy from solar energy using photovoltaic panels has increasing importance. But the frequent change in the positions of the sun with respect to Earth is responsible for the loss of huge amounts of energy. Thus, it is necessary that the panel should continuously track the positions of the sun and thus it gives rise to the idea of sun-tracking solar panel systems. Sun-tracking solar panels will increase the panel's efficiency as it will be able to adjust its orientation with respect to the sun's position. This paper presents the entire process of designing such panels, the working, and other aspects of the system. The tracking system designed using Arduino Nano uses LDR sensors to detect the intensity of sunlight. The servo motor is used for rotating the panel. Thus , once set in the east direction, the single-axis panels change its orientation towards the west direction depending upon the sun's position.

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Panels, Trackers, Sunlight, Intensity, Arduino, LDR sensors, Servo Motor.

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The study aims to understand the saving and spending habits of youth in the Jalgaon District of Maharashtra State. By studying their substantial population, purchasing power, leisure time, and exposure to abundant information through technology, youth have a significant influence. The objective of this study is to investigate the factors that impact the saving and spending habits of youth, specifically focusing on the extent of peer influence, parental and family influence, and financial literacy. A survey design was adopted, involving the collection of data through a structured questionnaire administered to conveniently selected youth. Descriptive analysis and correlation results were conducted to determine the relationship between peer influence, parental influence, financial literacy, and the saving and spending habits of youth. The study has significance in the area of financial literacy, economic impact, financial inclusion and long term financial well-being. Researcher has made study with the 100 respondents (Youth) of Jalgaon District. The findings indicate a significant correlation between these factors and the financial behaviors of youth.

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Youth, Saving Habits, Spending Habits, Investment, financial literacy.

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The notion of corporate social responsibility is mostly concerned with the obligation of corporations for the good of society and our environment. Corporate should be able to contribute towards the betterment of the society. They draw on the resources of the community, such as raw materials, human resources, etc. Ministry of Corporate Affairs has adopted CSR as a concept in the Ministry of Corporate Affairs. As per section 135 in the companies Act of 213 and Companies Rule 2014, it aims to encourage CSR initiatives. It has seen major change in its scope, being seen as a charitable endeavor as opposed to corporations' obligations to society. It is mandatory for companies covered under Section 135(1) of the companies Act, 2013 to spend 2% of their net- profit in three years of operation as per CSR policy.

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7th Schedule of the Act 2013,Environmental responsibility,Ethical responsibility,o Applicability of CSRy

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Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and chronic disease that affects millions of people worldwide. Early diagnosis of Parkinson's disease is crucial for effective treatment and management of the disease. In recent years, machine learning (ML) algorithms have shown great promise in detecting Parkinson's disease using various types of data such as medical images, voice recordings, and sensor data. This paper reviews recent advances in Parkinson's disease detection using ML algorithms and highlights the challenges and opportunities in this field. We summarize the key features and datasets used in Parkinson's disease detection, as well as the different types of ML algorithms employed. We also discuss the potential benefits and limitations of using ML algorithms for Parkinson's disease detection, such as the need for large and diverse datasets, interpretability of ML models, and ethical considerations. Overall, ML algorithms have the potential to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of Parkinson's disease detection, leading to earlier diagnosis and better patient outcomes.

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component, formatting, style, styling, insert

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition