Volume 8 | Issue 2

 Abstract

A wireless sensor network is a collection of sensors that can transfer information obtained from a monitored field over wireless networks. The data is routed via many nodes and connects to other networks such as wireless Ethernet via a gateway.Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are self-configured, infrastructure-free wireless networks that detect physical or environmental factors such as temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, mobility, or pollution and collaboratively transmit their data via the network to a central location or sink. The main aim of this study is to discuss the New Multipath Routing Approach for Energy Efficient in Wireless Sensor Networks. In this work the recommended Multipath routing scheme consists of 3 measures as multipath construction phase, maintenance of optimum energy road and also the energy usage design to enhance the energy efficiency in the sensor networks.The study work involves enhanced multipath routing-based routing, authentication as well as scheduling-based approach to create the wireless sensor networks safer with the least energy usage. A new Multipath Routing Approach (NMRA) is actually created for raising the energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks. The multipath routing is built to attain higher throughput as well as load balancing

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Wireless sensor network, multipath routing, energy efficient, optimum energy etc.

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History of human civilization, everywhere, knows no period of time death sentence was discarded completely as a mode of punishment and it were only the number of offences which have varied from time to time, State to State according to the prevalent notion of justice and needs of the society . A careful scrutiny of the Ancient Hindu Scriptures and law books reveals that the death sentence was stringent mode of punishment for getting rid of crime and criminal. It has generally been regarded to embody society's strongest condemnation for specific acts of the individuals to make them disentitled even for continuing as a member of the orderly or civilized society. The term capital punishment stands for most severe form of punishment. It is the punishment which is to be awarded for the most heinous, grievous crimes against humanity. While the definition and extent of such crimes vary from country to country, state to state, age to age, the implication of capital punishment has always been the death sentence.

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HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF RIGOROUS IMPRISONMENT IN INDIA: A STUDY

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This study has been undertaken to assess the nature, extent and pattern of return migration in Himachal Pradesh. A total sample comprises 200 households from both tribal and non-tribal regions in Himachal Pradesh collected in 2015. Results show that out of total migration in tribal region, 85.4 percent are out-migrants, 9.2 percent in-migrants and 5.4 percent return-migrants. Out of total migration in rural areas of non-tribal region, 94 percent are out-migrants, 6 percent return-migrants and none, in-migrant. Whereas in urban areas of non-tribal region, the percentage of out-migrants (20 percent) is lower than in-migrants (80 percent) and none return migrant. In study area, a relatively higher percentage of return-migrants, moved within the state (78.6 percent) as compared to those from outside state (21.4 percent) and none returned from another country. Overall, a higher percentage of return-migrants moved in from another district (64.3 percent) as compared to same district (14.3 percent). Urban to rural return-migration has been the most dominant migration stream, accounting for 57 percent of the total internal return-migration, followed by rural to rural (42.9 percent).

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 Keywords

Migrant, Out migration, Return migration, Tribal and non-tribal region.

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India is an agricultural country. 70% of Indian economy depends on agriculture but leaf infection phenomena cause the loss of major crops which results in economic loss. Modern technologies have given human society the ability to produce enough food to meet the demand of more than 7 billion people. However, food security remains threatened by a number of factors including climate change, the decline in pollinators, plant diseases, and others. Plant diseases have turned into a dilemma as it can cause significant reduction in both quality and quantity of agricultural products. Automatic detection of plant diseases is an essential research topic as it may prove benefits in monitoring large field of crops, and thus automatically detect the symptoms of diseases as soon as they appear on plant leaves. The proposed system is a software solution for automatic detection and classification of tomato plant leaf diseases. To achieve this, CNN based automatic detection of disease is carried out using Village plant dataset and the accuracy if the model is found to be 98.68%.

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CNN, Village plant dataset

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Social media has gained traction in advertising campaigns for luxury and fashion clothing using influencers to shape photography trends. However, to stay competitive, influencers depend on how they convey authenticity, which is a key visual element of the photos they post on social media. The purpose of this study is to explore the visual elements of photography used by social media influencers and to compare the main photography trends in digital media. In particular, it aims to highlight how new photography trends such as urban background styles and fashion models with larger body sizes affect consumers.

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Advertising, Campaigns, Photography, Social media,

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Antibiotics can be categorized as one of the major discoveries of the last century that has changed the course of treatment of various diseases. The boons of antibiotics are a large array, nevertheless, the banes are so too. The increased use of antibiotics and their residues have caused significant increase in the number of pathogens with multi-drug resistance genes in past few years. These have also caused an irreversible damage to the environment and human health. In this brief review we aim to summarize the severity of impact caused by antibiotic pollution on human health and also the environment.

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antibiotics, pollution, multi drug resistance bacteria

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The detective fiction is one of the very popular genres in the recent domain of literature. It is the sub-genre of crime fiction, an umbrella term which has multiple sub-genres such as detective narrative, murder mystery, mystery novel, and police novel. It is a sort of fiction or narrative, which centers round a crime or crimes and its solution through the investigation, is the main plot of the story. In this context, crime is the integral part of human history. Since the very beginning of human existence, it has been acknowledged that whoever is more powerful he/ she dominates the others and shows their bravery. Therefore, he or she exploits the others for the sake of their own wish fulfillment and hence, the inhuman exploitation of his or her penetrates the subordinate human body. In this sense, it can be said that we are the most complex and dangerous animal hiding under the mask of human skin, who can eat the flesh of their own species which, even the tiger does not take although, he the most dangerous animal. In this framework, this paper explores the glimpse of the growth and the development of the detective fiction.

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Domain, Genres, Umbrella, Crime, Investigation, Glimpse, Growth, Development, Detective Fiction

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Aggression, play positions, Kabaddi, attackers, midfielders, defenders

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IOT BASED ENERGY MONITORING AND SMART AUDIT REPORT GENERATION SYSTEM

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IOT BASED ENERGY MONITORING AND SMART AUDIT REPORT GENERATION SYSTEM

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Imperialism refers to the process of capitalist development which leads the capitalist countries to conquer and dominate pre-capitalist countries of the world. Under this head, we deal with the development of capitalism in advanced capitalist countries, the mutual relations among advanced capitalist countries, and the subjugation of pre-capitalist countries by a capitalist country (also described here as metropolis or metropolitan country). More narrowly, the term imperialism is used to denote or describe the relations of political and economic domination between metropolis and the country it subjugates or dominates. The country which is so subjugated by a metropolitan capitalist country is described as a colony, and what happens in a colony is colonialism . The total system of imperialist domination of a pre-capitalist country is colonialism. The study of imperialism and colonialism is closely co-related and, in a way, we shall be discussing both. But here we shall concentrate more on the study of colonialism while leaving major aspects of imperialism to be taken up in the study of development of capitalism.

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IMPERIALISM AND COLONIALISM: A THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE

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Historians have analyzed Vijayanagar history using various approaches such as the Orientalist approach, the Regionalist approach, the Nationalist approach, the Segmentary Statehood approach and the most recent being the Material Culture approach. The recent approach towards the study of Vijayanagara is the one using an interdisciplinary method of correlating the archaeological remains or data with the reconstruction of the material culture of the period. Anila Varghese in her article on the historiography of Vijayanagara discusses on various approaches towards the study of Vijayanagara history starting from Robert Sewell in 1900 AD till the recent researches undertaken by scholars like John M. Fritz, George Mitchell, Pirre Filliozat, Vasundhara Filliozat, Katheleen Morrison and others. She emphasizes on the interdisciplinary nature of the study of Vijayanagara.

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HISTORIOGRAPHICAL DEBATES ON VIJAYANAGARA STATE

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The scope of this work mainly advances the positive attitude of the Buddha to womenfolk in his time in India. It cannot be repudiated that Buddha did not effort to innovate the entire system of the society during his time apart from changing some peculiar systems like caste one which were strictly held by the Hinduism since the pre-Buddhist period. But, on the other hand, one should notice that among the innovations of some social systems by the Buddha, the considerable welfares of the womenfolk are involved. Making his followers pay obeisance, the parents put in the place of Great Brahma, extolling the monks who look after mother (M?tuposaka Bhikkhu), setting the proper duties of women for a household and repudiating the ones who philosophically assume that there is no mother and father are obvious evidence for that statement.

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Gender Identity

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ANTECEDENTS AND CONSEQUENTS OF ``TRUST`` IN E-RETAILING: A REVIEW

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ANTECEDENTS AND CONSEQUENTS OF ``TRUST`` IN E-RETAILING: A REVIEW

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My main focus on this research is to showcase the importance of analyzing communication emails and text patterns to maintain security with artificial intelligence and machine learning. This research shows the importance of artificial intelligence and machine learning and their impact on the present world. Artificial intelligence is one of the most innovative technologies found across the globe. It has revolutionized every field, and one of such areas is security. This research primarily deals with explaining how machine learning and artificial intelligence can generate results based on past emails scanning on which emails are crucially essential and attached with malware and scams. Machine learning algorithms can act as a great judge of filtering through emails and deciding which one is better and not right. This research also reviews a few of the literature written already about this topic assesses how our research improves on those points already mentioned in the past literature.

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AI and ML techniques to Analyze Communication Emails and Text patterns To Secure from Attacks

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CHILDRENS DRUG ABUSE: A GROWING CHALLENGE IN INDIA

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Children, Drug Abuse, Environmental Factors, Family Factors, Socioeconomic Factors

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The increase in road fatalities comes as bad news. This cannot be stopped but can be controlled. The Accidents may cause due to driver�s health, Driver�s feelings, vehicle speed, climate condition, traffic conditions, road conditions, etc. Analysis and prediction on Traffic collision has gained importance in these days. The big dataset is generated every year. The analysis and prediction helps to define prevention measures. This paper defines the study of existing analysis and perdition systems for road and other media. Based on the study of existing work, a new system is for road accidents analysis and prediction is proposed.

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Road accidents, association rules ,big data ,hadoop, clustering, EMM, feature extraction

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This paper reveals that the aerial parts of Nicandra physaloides plant collected from Indian National Hospital grounds were dried and subjected to acid-base extraction and partitioned to obtain alkaloidal and non-alkaloidal extracts. The non-alkaloidal extract yielded three compounds; withanicandrin, ?-sitosterol and stigmasterol after column chromatography. Withanicandrin exhibited antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans but lacked antibacterial activity.

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Nicandra physaloides, withanicandrin, ?-sitosterol, stigmasterol, antifungal activity

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The parabolic concentration technology is very useful as it is used for approximately all solar energy applications such as steam and power generation water heating air heating etc. Solar intensity is measured by solar power meter which is calibrated with pyranometer. The large number of developments is continuously being carried out in the field of cover materials absorber materials and glazing coating etc. The studies have been carried out on thermal performance evaluation of solar water heater and found more increase in the thermal efficiency in comparison to conventional solar water heater. Thus in order to encourage and facilitate studies about the solar concentrator this paper is concerned with the detail study of parabolic trough collector. The model which is made up of reflector surface reflector support absorber pipe and stand with manual tracking arrangement was fabricated using locally sourced material for rural applications point of view. The electricity and heat produced simultaneously in photovoltaic thermal system from solar energy is about 60-70% efficient. The main objective in this project work is combining two systems; Parabolic trough as a concentrator and channel PV/T collector as a receiver.

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Absorber, Parabolic Concentrator, Parabolic Trough, Receiver, Solar Energy

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Abstract- Big Data is made up of large variety of data that can�t be determined by adopting the traditional way of data processing. The use of computing devices such as laptops, smart phones and wearable computing devices has increased widely; the data processing through the internet has increased more than the modern computers can bear. We have put forward a step in the field of big data � therefore the data sets that are divided on the basis of the high volume, velocity, variety, resolution and rationality and flexibility. This provides us the most precious data and also assists us in taking most relevant decisions. Just because of this growing rate, the concept of Big Data is brought into consideration. Thus, this will result in giving rise to the numbers of challenges, such as difference in the collected data and other issues like inefficiency, lack of reliability, time taking process, and security issues. Hence, the big data is something which grants lots of benefits to the big firms, corporates etc in the upcoming era. It can be the most adaptive technology so that the businesses can frame the strategies according to it. It will also help the firms in taking corrective actions. Bring this technology and adapting it, won�t be easy. So, it is needed to highlight all the issues and challenges that are associated with it. This study focuses upon throwing the lights on the big data analytics and also finds out the other aspects related with the technology like tactics, issues, challenges, usage, applications, tools and techniques, etc.

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Big Data, Legal, Data Analytics, Cloud Computing, Hadoop, Challenges.

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Big Data, Machine Learning, Supervised Learning, Un-Supervised Learning, Artificial Intelligence.

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