Volume 10 | Issue 2

 Abstract

The present research was made on anatomy of petiole of Ficus benghalensis L., Ficus carica L. and Ficus racemosa L. The aim was to contribute with more information concerning the knowledge of anatomy. All three species Belongs to the family Moraceae. The genus Ficus is remarkable for the large variation in the habits of its species. Some species of Ficus shows noticeable development of aerial roots, they may start life as epiphytes. Less reports were available on petiole anatomical studies, hence present efforts were undertaken to investigate the microscopic studies. The conjoint, collateral and open vascular bundles observed. Perimedullary phloem patches with laticifers present in pith region. Perimedullary phloem associated with some xylem vessels. Latex ducts, laticifers, tannin cells, crystals and trichomes were few main characters found in present investigation of petiole anatomy of selected plants.

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Ficus benghalensis L., Ficus carica L., Ficus racemosa L., Anatomy, Crystals, tannin cells etc.

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The present paper deals with an addition of new taxa of flowering plant to the Adilabad District of Telangana State. Updated information on nomenclature, correct description and locality is provided. This is a new distributional record for this area.

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Physalis pruinosa L., Solanaceae, new distributional record, Adilabad District, Telangana.

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In the present paper we review some iterative methods for solving initial value problems of ordinary differential equations. The numerical methods are compared in terms of their convergence, accuracy and efficiency. Differential equations are one of the most important mathematical tools used to model physical and biological processes. Numerical methods are an important part of solving differential equations that arises from real-life situations, most especially in cases when it is difficult to obtain exact solutions by conventional methods.

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Initial Value Problem, Consistency; Stability and convergence; Order of methods, Runge-Kutta method.

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A class of solutions of field equations in gravity proposed by Harko et. al. (2011) for Plane Symmetric Riemannian space-time with dark matter and Holographic Dark Energy (HDE) is talked about. Exact solutions of field equations are obtained with a special form of deceleration parameter. The negative value of the deceleration parameter represents the present acceleration of the universe. It is observed that EoS parameter converges to the negative value i.e. cosmological constant. The physical and geometrical parameters of the models are discussed in detail.

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Modified gravity, HDE, Plane symmetric.

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In this paper, we considered five-dimensional plane symmetric Bianchi type-I cosmological model generated by a cloud of strings with particles attached to them with bulk viscosity in general relativity. To obtain solutions of field equations, we considered that shear scalar of the model is proportional to expansion scalar which leads to the anisotropic relation between the metric potentials. Also the physical and geometrical properties of the model are discussed in detail.

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Five dimensional plane symmetric Bianchi -I space-time; bulk viscosity; cloud string; general relativity.

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When administered to seeds or crops, plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) have the capacity to colonise the rhizosphere, plant roots, or both, enhancing plant growth and production. The motive of this study was to find elite bacteria in the soil and employ them to help soybean plants grow faster. Purified four bacterial strains were tested in vitro for plant growth promoting (PGP) properties. Phosphate solubilizing activity was discovered in 04 isolates, IAA production was detected in 04 isolates, and N2 fixation activity was found in 04 isolates. SJ-5 microbial strains tested positive for all PGP features and were further described using biochemical and molecular methods. Bacillus sp. was discovered using biochemical and 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses. Plant inoculation tests revealed that this PGPB strain increased shoot and root length as well as shoot and root biomass significantly. In comparison to the uninoculated control, there was a considerable increase in the number of lateral roots. The research suggests that this PGPB might be used to make inoculums or as a biofertilizer to boost soybean growth and nutritional content.

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Plant growth promoting bacteria, Soybean, Phosphate solubilization, 16 rRNA

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The current research work had been undertaken to bioremdiate harmful and toxic textile dye Blue RGB by using bacterial species isolated from acclimatized samples. In this present research work the isolation of bacterial species was carried out by using nutrient medium from acclimatized samples. The efficiency of isolated bacteria was carried out by testing them against dye Blue RGB. Among all isolated bacterial species total 5 bacterial isolates were having extraordinary capacity for decolorization and degradation of Blue RGB. These bacteria were further checked for their maximum ability for dye decolorization in Nutrient, Half strength (1/2) Nutrient broth and Cell-free extract. It was observed that all these bacteria were able to decolorize 98.76% of dye in nutrient broth, 80.60% decolorization in half strength nutrient broth and 84.45% in cell-free extract. The effect of various Carbon and Nitrogen sources was also studied. It was observed that all the isolates were able decolorize dye in presence of Glucose and Peptone. The decolorization of Blue RGB was monitored by spectrophotometer at ? max 650nm. The percent COD reduction studies showed 93.06% COD reduction.

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Blue RGB, Bioremediation, textile dyes.

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Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Cinnamomum (Cinna.), 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl radical scavenging (DPPH), Silver Nitrate (AgNO3)

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The leaves of Piper betel have been used in the Indian folk medicinal system for its antimicrobial antioxidant, antihemolytic and antiallergic. In the present study, the comparative evaluation of the antibacterial activity of ethanol extracts of three varieties of Piper betel L. namely Kapoori, Bangla and Calcutta. Extracts of betel leaves prepared by using soxhlet apparatus in 75% ethanol. 10 mg/ml concentration of extracts were tested against pathogenic bacteria such as Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus simiae and Proteus vulgaris. The ethanolic extracts showed significant antibacterial activity against tested pathogens. Ethanol extracts of all three varieties of Piper betel showed a good zone of inhibition against Klebshiella pneumonia. Extracts of Piper betel L. are effective against Gram-Positive as well as Gram-Negative bacteria.

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Antibacterial activity, Piper betel, Ethanolic extract.

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During present investigation attempts were made to collect Cassine Albens (Retz.) Kosterm. plant material from Marathwada region of Maharashtra state. There anatomical features were studied by taking sections and observing them under compound microscope. Besides this, dermatological studies were undertaken to study the nature of epidermis, trichomes and stomata. The plant parts were macerated for the observation of dead cells. In addition, phytochemical analysis was undertaken by following standard methods. In order to investigate their medicinal properties. The standardization of plant material will help in the correct identification of medicinal plant part, and will also be helpful in finding out odd material or adulteration, when the herbal medicines are purchased or acquired from other commercial sources, in crude form. Small glabrous trees, 3-6 m tall. Leaves elliptic, oblong-ovate, acute or rounded at base. Flowers greenish, calyx very deeply divided; lobes 4-5, unequal, orbicular, with membranous margins. Petals 4-5, greenish-white; Drupes obviate to ovoid, 8-12 mm, apiculate, stalked, apiculate. Transverse section of stem showing the presence of 4-7 layered cork. Cells thick walled, tubular, parenchymatous, cuticularized, dark-brown, squarest to rectangular, flattened, tanniniferous, or with phenolic contents. Large sclerieds, oval, whitish, sclerenchymatous cells and with thick walled rectangular bast fibers, horizontal, flattened, elongated.

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Cassine Albens, Anatomy, Epidermal Studies, Maceration Phytochrmisrty

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Ethnobotany, Medicinal plants, Traditional knowledge, Indigenous culture.

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Nephrolithiasis (formation of renal stones) is becoming very common disease of forming stones in the kidney, bladder and urethra (urinary tract) in dehydrated persons. The suffering person fells most common symptom is severe pain in the side of the abdomen, urinary track and associated with nausea. Many of the proprietary composite herbal drugs are used as remedies for removal of kidney stone and lowering the abdominal pain. Aerva lanata (Linn.) Juss. ex Schult. has been reported for its potential phytochemicals effective on degradation and removal of renal calculi. In this regards, many of the traditional venders advise the aqueous juice of whole plant of Aerva lanata along with a glass of butter milk in empty stomach; is seen to be more effective for removal of renal calculi (kidney stone). This formulation gives the best result in short period for treatment of nephrolithiasis. The proprietary formulation of this drug is needed to be formulated for effective use.

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Herbal medicine, nephrolithiasis, urolithiasis.

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Vegetable oils are triglycerides of extract from plants and made up of fatty acid chains. The fatty acids can be saturated or unsaturated depending on the number of carbon-carbon double bonds. The degree of saturation or unsaturation is indicated by the iodine value of the oil. Hence this research work was aimed at comparing the iodine values of different edible oil such as Sunflower, Safflower and Ground nut. The main aim of the present research work is to focus on the iodine values of cold pressed oil and refined oil. Here the work is focused on comparing iodine values in cold pressed oil and refined oil of Sunflower, Groundnut and Safflower. The iodine values found significant for cold pressed oil than refined oil.

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Sunflower oil, Safflower oil, Ground nut oil, iodine number.

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This study indicates that Leonotis nepitifolia have good medicinal as well as cosmetics value. The current piece of work is a focus on micro level study and is purely based on contents in leaf of Leonotis nepitifolia in Nagpur region. Basically aromatic plants of family Lamiaceae that is Leonotis nepitifolia have aromatic smell and its aroma which is a characteristic features of family Lamiaceae. Many aromatic plants are species of the Lauraceae, Umbelliferae, Myrtaceae, and Labiatae families. Aromatic plants are a special kind of plants used for their aroma and flavour. Many of them are also used for medicinal purposes. aromatic plants are from a numerically large group of economically important plants. Aromatic compounds are present in plants i.e. in the root, wood, bark, foliage, flower, fruit, and seed etc.Many of them are also used for medicinal purposes. Aromatic plants are from a numerically large group of economically important plants. Qualitative phytochemical GC-MS screening of leaf was done using different solvents which showed the presence of various vital secondary metabolites & constitute. The chemical Composition of Leonotis nepetifolia are Hematoporphyrin, Cyclodecasiloxane, Decanic acid, 2-(5-(5-[Cyano-(9,9-dimethyl-1,4-dixa-7-aza-spiro[4,4]non-7-en-8-y)methylene]-3-3-dimethylprrolidin02-ylide

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Leonotis nepetaefolia, Phytochemical, GC-MS studies, Aromatic Plant.

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Amravati is one of the 11 districts of vidarbha. It includes 14 talukas. Flora of Amravati district has been already studied by Dhore (2002) reported 84 species of grasses, during last 16 years no survey was conducted of the area. Survey of grasses conducted during 2014-2018 revealed 117 species belonging to 60 genera. Sporobolus R.Br. is a third largest genus of study area It has 5 species which belong to subfamily pooideae and tribe sporoboleae. The aim of our investigation is to study morphotaxonomic revision of family poaceae. It focuses on details of macro and micro morphology of some important grasses.

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Amravati, Flora, Survey, morphology.

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Citrullus colocynthis Schrader belongs to family Cucurbitaceae. It grows widely in Melghat, Maharastra, India and it has been used in folk medicine by tribals. To evaluate the different medicinal properties of Citrullus colocynthis Schrader. The present study attempt to evaluate the preliminary phytochemical screening and antimicrobial studies in fruit extract of conform the presence of various phytochemicals like Carbohydrates, Saponins, Tannins, Flavonoids, Alkaloids, Glycosides, Proteins, Phytosterols, Steroids, Phenols and Terpenoids. The solvent petroleum ether, Benzene, Acetone, Chloroform, Ethyl acetate and aqueous extract showed good results. Disk diffusion method was used to study the antibacterial activity against Salmonella tiphy, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pyogenes, antifungal activity against Candida albicans and antiprotozoal activity against Entamoeba histolytica. The observed sample in different solvent fruit extract showed antibacterial, antifungal, and antiprotozoal activities by the formation of inhibitory zone. It may be attributed to the presence of phytochemical and may be used as antimicrobial agents.

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Citrullus colocynthis Schrader, Melghat, preliminary phytochemical screening, antimicrobial studies.

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Ocimum sanctum also known as Tulsi or Holy basil is an aromatic plant and it belongs to the family Lamiaceae. It is widely used as medicine to cure various ailments. The proposed paper aims at the scientific study of the ethno medicinal survey, of some of the medicinally important Ocimum Genus such as Ocimum tenuiflorum , 0. g ratissium, 0. bascilicum and 0. americanaum carried out during the month of August to November in 2019. The focal point of this survey was to do the Ethnobotanical study of some of the medicinal plants of Ocimum Genus used by local villagers in the region of Kinwat and Mahur region of Maharashtra. Further they were analysed for different Phytochemical components from the different species Ocimum genus. The dried powder of Tulsi (20g) was placed in the thimble of Soxhlet apparatus and the experiment was done separately for methanol, ethanol and distilled water.

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Phytochemical, Ethnobotanical survey, Ocimum sp. soxhlet apparatus. Etc.

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Highly tolerant Tomato wered eveloped using T-rep gene construct developed by virology dept. of IARI New Delhi. High level of tolerance for TOLCV and inheritability of the transgene were observed following challenge inoculation with the viruliferous White- flies. The mechanism of resistance appears RNA-mediated, since the plants carried the untranslatable antisense rep gene.

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Tomato, Transformation, whitefly, TOLCV etc.

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Water is essential for life. On earth the water is in the oceans, glaciers, underground and on land. By hydrological process pure water cycle continuously get recharge Groundwater is renewed by percolation of rainwater from soil and rock. Potable water is primary need of human as it serves as lubricant, regulates body temperature and provides the basis for the body fluids and metabolism.At global level most of the deaths were occurred due to waterborne diseases. Thus, monitoring altered physico chemical parameters is essential to check water quality. The Drinking water samples of 5 different bore wells from area Patur taluka of Akola district were collected in plastic bottles and Physico chemical parameters of water such as Colour, Odour, turbidity, pH, EC, TDS , Chloride, Alkalinity, Hardness, calcium, magnesium, Sodium, Potassium, sulphur and fluoride were analysed. From the result it is concluded that 5 different bore wells of Patur were found safe for drinking and domestic use.

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Physico chemical, Patur, bore well etc.

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The medicinal plants survey was administered in Hingoli district of Maharashtra state for documentation the knowledge regarding medicinal plants species used against different diseases. The present survey total 13 medicinal plants species belonging to eleven families were recorded. The updated botanical name, family, local name, parts used are provided

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Family, Hingoli, Medicinal Plants,

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