Volume 11 | Issue 6

 Abstract

Tomato is rich source of vitamins A, C, Potassium, Minerals and Fiber. Tomatoes are used in preparation of soup, salad, pickles, ketchup, puree and sauces and also consumed as a vegetable in many other ways. In Chhattisgarh, total production of Tomato 11,33,435 MT from an area of about 64,681 ha (2018-2019), 64383ha area and the production tomato 1114802 MT (2019-20), the production of tomato 1182648MT from an area of about 64717ha (2020-21) respectively. The major Tomato producing districts are Raipur, Durg, Bastar, Balod, Bilaspur and Jaspur. Farmer data is collected as to made farmer profile according to various category i.e., age, educational level, farming experience, occupational status, land holding, average yield, annual income. So according to it small scale, marginal scale, medium scale 200 respondents were selected purposively from various district namely, Durg, Raipur, Bemetara and Bilaspur, area. The primary data were collected for the year 2021-22 on an average cost of cultivation per acre of Tomato was found to be Rs 6,84,348.2. The B:C Ratio of Tomato was found to be 1.6 at sample farms.

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Economic analysis, cultivation, marketing, tomato, Chhattisgarh

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T-beam bridge are one of the most commonly used type of bridge and hence it is necessary to constantly study, update analysis techniques and design methodology. Structurally they are simple to construct and maintain. Hence they are preferred over other type of bridge when it comes to providing connectivity within short distances. The aim of our study was to determine the variation and suitability of two different configuration of these bridges, namely ordinary deck slab supported on girder and T-beam configuration of deck slab. In this study we have considered span length of 10m, 15m & 20m. The deck slab has been conventionally analysed for IRC class AA Loading. Seismic load of zone III is applied on structure. The process was to made faster by analysing the structure on STAAD Pro. and the results of maximum bending moment, shear force & deflection values arising from the dead load, live load, vehicle load & seismic load. The conclusive results provide us with the best option, out of the two configuration for the varying span considered in the study. From this study, T-beam configuration of deck slab proves to be effective than ordinary deck slab supported on girder.

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T-beam Bridge, Slab Bridge, Class AA Loading, Staad pro, Seismic Analysis.

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Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) focuses on the interface and interaction between people and computers. The major goal of the HCI is to design an environment that lets people interact with computers in a novel way. One of the most significant methods people use to interact is eye movement and eye blinking, especially for people with physical disabilities. This paper presents an on-screen computer interaction method based on eye blinking and facial movement. The two main components are image processing to detect the eye from the face, facial movement, and eye-blinking. A facial image is captured by the computer's camera and then used to determine the eye location and size. This is done based on the famous "68 points" and the face mesh system of the face detection approach. An eye blink is used in this system to enter a character similar to when a user presses the "Enter" button on a keyboard and facial movement is used to move the cursor similar to the use of a mouse.

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 Keywords

Facial Recognition, Artificial Intelligence, Human-Computer Interaction, Virtual Keyboard.

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 Abstract

The usefulness of shear walls in the structural planning of multistory buildings has long been recognized. When walls are situated in advantageous positions in a building, they can be very efficient in resisting lateral loads originating from wind or earthquakes. Reinforced concrete framed buildings are adequate for resisting both vertical and horizontal loads acting on them. Extensive research has been done in the design and analysis of shear wall high rise buildings. A residential building High rise structure is considered for the analysis. To evaluate the seismic response of the buildings and analysis was performed by using response spectrum method using Finite element based software-STAAD Pro. The properties of these seismic shear walls dominate the response of the buildings, and therefore, it is important to evaluate the seismic response of the walls appropriately. A study on an regular highrise building with shear wall and without shear wall was studied to understand the lateral loads, story drifts and torsion effects. From the results it is inferred that shear walls are more resistant to lateral loads in structure.

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Walls, Lateral Loads, Shear Wall, Torsion, STAAD Pro.

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Art reflects its age. The role of a writer is to hold a mirror up to society, to show things, which we haven't seen or thought before. Rabindranath Tagore, was such a writer, carved a distinct niche for himself by engaging his narratives of reality set in imaginary worlds. Throughout his fictional works, one can strongly observe a static reminder of the then contemporary realities and aspirations. Though we are a part of modern 21st century, still in some respects, still in some respects, till date, our society follow that tradition which is basically meaningless still painful. Gender stereotypes and biasness is one of them. Tagore, at his time, realized that pre-determined strictness of the society very much. So, he wanted to break this vision through his creation. Well by turning his pen into a sword, he wrote "Chitrangada" (1936), a dance drama, whereby portraying such a character like Chitrangada, he wanted to change the vision and typically judgmental mind of our society. Hence, the objective of this paper is to highlight the power dynamics of gender by analyzing Tagore's dance drama "Chitrangada".

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Gender, Gender Stereotypes, Gender Role, Masculinity, Femininity, Power Dynamics of Gender

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With urbanization and increasing unbalance of required space to availability, it is becoming imperative to provide open ground storey and soft storey at different level of multistory building. These provisions reduce the stiffness of the lateral load resisting system and a progressive collapse becomes unavoidable in a severe earthquake for such buildings due to soft stories. Soft storey behavior exhibit higher stresses at the columns and the columns fail as the plastic hinges are formed. Hence it is required to assess the performance level of such building for safety of the structure during earthquake. In present study G+12 storey building is considered by keeping soft storey at different level along with soft storey at ground level. They are designed according to IS 456-2000 without ductile detailing and seismic evaluation of these buildings is carried out with nonlinear static pushover analysis using SAP 2000 software. Performance points and performance levels of these buildings are determined by capacity spectrum method. In this it is found that in all the beams plastic hinges are formed and hinges are also formed at ground soft storey columns. In brick infill hinges formed are of E level. Then various retrofitting schemes viz. steel X braces, infill walls and shear walls are employed for strengthening of these building to reduce hinges from beam and remove hinges from columns. The results obtained from these retrofitting schemes are compared with without retrofitted models based on performance point, hinge formation pattern. The result shows that there is no unique solution and several different strengthening schemes can be provided to give adequate performance. Most increase in the lateral strength is related to using Steel-Bracing and shear walls.

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soft storey, plastic hinges, seismic evaluation, static pushover analysis, shear wall system, performance point.

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 Abstract

In recent years, multimodal deep learning techniques have been increasingly used for predicting traffic flow, given the availability of various sources of data such as traffic cameras, GPS sensors, and weather information. This paper presents an overview of the popular multimodal deep learning techniques that have been used for predicting traffic stream. Specifically, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of different techniques, including Convolutional Neural Net- works (CNNs), Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), Long Short-Term Memory Networks (LSTMs), Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs), and Transformer Networks. We also provide insights into the challenges of using multimodal data for traffic prediction, such as data integration and feature selection. Finally, we present some of the recent developments in this field, including the use of attention mechanisms and reinforcement learning. Overall, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art multimodal deep learning tech- niques for predicting traffic stream, with the aim of helping researchers and practitioners in this field to choose the most appropriate technique for their specific problem

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RNN.CNN,GAN.Spectral,Spatial

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Aushadha Sevana Kala (drug administration time) is an important factor to remember when treating a sickness. Trisutra Ayurved includes Hetu (causative causes), Linga (signs and symptoms) and Aushadh (medicine). When treating a patient, Trisutra Ayurveda is essential. Medicines with the opposing attributes of Desha (habitat), Matra (dosage) and Kala (time), according to Acharya Charaka, may readily heal ailments. Taking medications at the correct time "Aushadha Sevana Kala" contributes to the maximum health advantages of supplied drugs. Aushadha Sevana Kala principles aid in the prevention of undesirable food and medicine interactions. Shodhan and Shaman Chikitsa employ Aushadha to preserve and enhance health in healthy people and to cure diseases. Most of the diseases are caused by Vata. There are five types of vata too. Different Aushadha Kala (medicine periods) have been prescribed for the distortion of these five Vata. The duration of the medicine should be chosen according to the Vata in which the distortion has taken place. So that diseases can be cured soon. The purpose of this article is to prevent diseases by following the prescribed Aushadha Sevana Kala (medicine periods) for Prana, Udana, Samana, Vyana, Apana vata.

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Kala, Aushadh Sevan Kala, Samyata. Asatmya (unwholesomeness), Ayurved, Agni

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The study of the Knot Proposition involves interesting artefacts that are found in real-world physical space. Even though the topic of the knot proposition is well known to all and its problems are clearly stated, they can also be found in fields such as biology, chemistry, and medicine. It is frequently difficult to apply sophisticated solutions to even the most basic problems. This essay covers a variety of subjects connected to various facets of contemporary life.

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Knots, Biology, Chemistry, Physics,Mathematics.

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The most common activities involved in the analytical development of a way are separation and characterization of impurities as well as degraded products, analytical investigations, studies for identification, and finally fixing of parameters optimization to specific requirements. Chemical compoundproduction and analysis depend heavily on compound separation. There are several ways to get effective separation results. One of the most popular methods for separating chemicals across length scales, from bigger biomacromolecules to tiny organic compounds, is liquid chromatography. Additionally, liquid chromatography enables simple modification, the combination of suitable mobile and stationary phases, the performance of qualitative and quantitative tests, and the concentration of materials. Notably, the stationary phase is the primary component of a liquid chromatography arrangement. Depending on affinities, sizes, and electrostatic interactions, the stationary phase directly interacts with the samples through a variety of fundamental kinds of interactions. Compound separation will eventually result from a variety of interactions between the compounds and the stationary phase. Recently, stationary phases have been created to improve binding selectivity, tunability, and reuse. This article describes the development of stationary phases for separating macromolecule proteins and microscopic chemical compounds, such as small chiral molecules and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, in order to illustrate the use of liquid chromatography across length scales of target molecules. Many plant-specific chemicals, including polyphenols, may be found using liquid chromatography. These compounds can be found using light absorption or fluorescence, the latter of which can be used with or without sample derivatization. Although they are blind for many of the substances that MS can identify, these detection methods are often sensitive and selective. Such bioactivity detectors might supplement LC analyses because it is widely known for LC procedures to couple numerous detectors in-line to acquire, for example, absorbance and MS detection concurrently. However, these detection techniques need reliable biosensors that are readily available and suited to LC conditions. This opens the door to further investigation into cutting-edge chromatographic separation detection techniques.

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Analytical Method, Liquid Chromatography, Absorption, Fluorescence, Biosensors.

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Respiration is the important life sustaining phenomenon, which is carried out by Pranavayu. Ayurveda texts have mentioned Tamaka shwasa under the five types of Shwasa roga. According to Acharya charaka, Tamaka shwasa is a yapya kind of vyadhi as far as its difficult curability is concerned but also has a tendency to recur.There is mention of five types of shwasa by all acharyas of brhattrayi and laghuttrayi. These are Mahashwasa,urdhva shwasa ,chinnashwasa, Tamaka shwasa and kshudra shwasa .Among these first three are incurable ,Tamaka shwasa is yapya vyadhi and only kshudra shwasa is easily curable .Tamaka shwasa is kapha - vata predominant Tridoshaja vyadhi as pittasthana dushti is also greatly found. Tamaka shwasa is seen most commonly a clinical manifestation as its management includes various Shamana &Shodhana regimens of chikitsa.Virechana chikitsa in Tamaka shwasa is most debated concept which is most of the times was misunderstood that it is prime line of management. Tamaka shwasa is correlated with bronchial asthma. Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of Airways characterized by cough, difficulty in breathing and wheeze. Exposure to dust, smoke, repeated respiratory infections and climate changes are chief triggering factors of this disease

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Tamaka Shwasa, Bronchial Asthma, Ayurveda, Shwasa Roga

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Phytoplankton, Diversity, Thar desert, Lift canal

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Education is the key pillar for the upliftment and development of any society which further depends on the quality of teachers. Teacher's cognition, dedication, teaching techniques, professional approach and his intrinsic motivation are the responsible factors needed for qualitative teaching learning process. Production of competent teachers is a big challenge of the contemporary world. With the enhanced knowledge system, today, teacher's job has been more challenging in pedagogical, psychological, philosophical, and sociological perspective, a proper Teacher education programmes need to be formulated and implemented. Necessary revival is a challenge for every nation to provide effective and competent teachers. In India, the curriculum and regulations for Teacher education have experienced a paradigm shift during the chase of this reformations like NCF (2005), National knowledge commission, NCTE regulations 2009, NCTEF (2010), NCTE regulations 2014 etc., The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 recommends major changes in the Teacher Education scenario in chapter -15 of the NEP-2020 under part II which divided into eleven sub points. The main objectives of NEP is to "ensure that teachers are given the high quality training in content, pedagogy, and practice, by converting the teacher education system into multidisciplinary HEIs of colleges and universities, for 4-year integrated B.Ed. offered, by 2030,will become the minimal degree qualification for school teachers" (NEP2020 -Page 42: 15.4, 15.5).While analysing the present Teacher Education Programmes in the lens of NEP 2020, it is a curious concerns of opportunities and at the same time challenges for Teacher education phase. The present Paper tries to analyse National Education Policy 2020 with SCERT position paper regarding the concerns in Teacher Education Sector.

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Teacher Education, Policy issues, NEP-2020.

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India is a land of multicultural diversity where the various religious groups have their separate personal laws. Personal laws of different religions are retained to ensure the separation of the religion from the state and politics. These personal laws are largely influenced by the patriarchal notions of the society. Since the ancient times, women have faced discrimination in the male dominated society. Gender inequality is seen as the moral and ethical problem. Women were not given any of the property rights as she was treated economically dependent on her father or husband. Much progressive legislation have been enacted after the independence to ensure the equal property rights to the women. Even after the 75 years of independence, equal property rights of the women still remains a pipe dream. In the age of feminism, it is the need of the hour to end the gender discrimination in inheritance and property rights of the women. The paper analyses the property rights of the women prevalent in the personal laws. The paper also focuses on the legal and judicial framework of the inheritance rights of the women in India. Also, the researcher has discussed that there is an urgent need to amend and codify the personal and customary laws to make them unbiased and favourable towards women. Reforms within the personal laws are necessary to achieve the gender justice and equality.

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Succession, Inheritance, Equality, legal heirs, economic dependence, lineal descendants etc.

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Transforming Healthcare through IoT: Advancements and Opportunities in IoT-Based Applications for Healthcare Devices". This abstract presents the concept and potential of IoT-based applications in healthcare devices. With the rapid advancement of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, there has been a significant transformation in the healthcare industry. IoT-enabled devices such as wearables, smart sensors, and medical monitors are revolutionizing patient care and remote health monitoring. These devices collect real-time data, transmit it securely to healthcare providers, and enable personalized and proactive healthcare interventions. This abstract explores the benefits of IoT in healthcare, including improved patient outcomes, reduced healthcare costs, and enhanced efficiency in healthcare delivery. It also discusses the challenges and considerations in implementing IoT-based applications, such as data security, privacy, and interoperability. Overall, IoT-based applications in healthcare devices hold great promise in transforming the healthcare landscape and improving the quality of care.

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IoT-Based Applications in Healthcare Devices

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"Capital discipline" or "Death Penalty" is the loftiest position of discipline rewarded in any society or republic to conserve law and order. But killing another mortal commodity in the name of justice is no better than boggling someone. We should concentrate on barring the crime not the miscreant. In India the doctrine of "Rarest of the Rare" is followed and frequently the death judgment gets changed to life immurement. But still India has executed an aggregate of 4 culprits from the period of 2002 to 2015. Both the nations have colorful parallels in the procedure and law of capital discipline, but in China once the death penalty is rewarded it cannot be abandoned. This is the argument why United Nation UN) defied the conception of death penalty and stated that "Life is expensive, and death is irrevocable". farther UN also spoke that killing another mortal commodity in the name of justice also kills the fact that we are mortal. Capital punishment is the most controversial penal practise debated highly all over the world. A common notion is that the focus of the law must not be on eliminating the criminal but on the elimination of the crime. The killing of an accused in order to serve justice is equivalent to murdering that being. A country where capital punishment is practiced at its peak is China, with more than 1000 executions each year. The possession of illegal drugs has a mandatory death sentence in countries like Iran, Malaysia, the Philippines and Singapore. Few Countries impose capital punishment for economic crimes such as corruption of public officials, embezzlement of public funds, bribery etc. Sexual offences too attract this form of punishment in certain Islamic states. United States of America also allows such punishment and 75 people are put to death every year there, on an average.

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Keywords: Death Penalty, Reformative Theory, Preventive Theory, Capital Punishment, Offender etc.

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Endometrial tissue present anywhere other than the uterine cavity is known as endometriosis. These lesions are more commonly seen in pelvic cavity and can also present in extrapelvic areas. When presenting as Extrapelvic endometriosis it can occur in the gastrointestinal tract, nervous system, thorax and can also be seen in cutaneous tissues. Umbilical endometriosis is a very rare benign disorder that can present with umbilical swelling, bleeding or discharge and cyclical pain.

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Keywords: Mesentric cyst, Abdominal, Tumour, Ultrasonography

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Markets have witnessed a huge increase in online purchase sales after the covid scenario. People who were apprehensive in purchasing from online have started believing to buy from online sellers. Let it be brick-and-mortar or online purchase, customers tend to get the information about the products from the markets through reviews from the peer group, relatives & opinion leaders. Reviews play a very vital role for both the sellers and buyers. The present research entails to see if the customers look into the reviews and take support of reviews to make an online purchase decision. With the increase in the online sales, customers have started to develop ambiguity towards the perceived quality. Thus, the importance of reviews became predominant in the buyer purchase decision making. With this change in the customer expectations the online sellers stared to add the feature called customer reviews under each product they are selling in the websites. This paper intends to collect the data from the markets to know the influence of reviews on buyers purchase behaviour. It understands if the buyer is really relying on reviews before buying the product.

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Online Customer Review(OCR), online retail, purchase decision, websites

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This study was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding daily dressing of diabetic wound among caregivers of diabetic clients and to find out the association between pre-test knowledge scores of caregivers of diabetic clients with selected demographic variables. In the hospital setting Effective Care of Diabetic Wound is needful to improve the life status of the affected individual that can be determined by quality of recovery. A Descriptive study was conducted among caregivers of diabetic clients in selected hospital, Bangalore. The quality of recovery deals with individual needs & Problems which has to be fulfilled during hospitalization.

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Effective Care of Diabetic Wound, Diabetic clients, Caregivers of Diabetic clients, Structured Interview Schedule, Demographic variables.

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Abstract: The process of aging is characterized by generalized progressive slowdown in the ability to respond to external or internal stress, decline in physical activity. Reaction time (RT) I s slowed and associated with problems of mobility in elderly. Falls efficacy is also an intrinsic aspect that influences balance. It seems important to study the relationship between reaction time and physiological factor like self-efficiency to understand the mechanism of falls and activity restrictions. Methodology- Ethical committee approval was taken. 40 subjects aged between 60 to 70 were assessed on simple reaction time using smartphone application and falls efficacy scale. Results - Data was analysed using Pearson's Correlation test. Falls efficacy scale was higher in subjects having increased visual reaction time and auditory reaction time suggesting of low falls efficacy (confidence) level in performing functional activity There is a positive correlation between simple visual (r =-O.39) and auditory reaction time (r =0.41) and falls efficacy with level of significance (p=0.01).Conclusion -It is suggested that Falls efficacy and reaction time are important factor that can influences function and fall behaviour of community dwelling older adults and must be routinely evaluated and treated during balance rehabilitation.

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Reaction Time, Falls Efficacy, Balance, Community Dwelling Older Adults

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