Volume 8 | Issue 5

 Abstract

The unsafe pedestrian crossing at uncontrolled midblock sections is very common phenomena. At such locations, vehicles do not always yield to pedestrians, and pedestrian are unable to judge suitable gaps between two vehicles, thereby, expose themselves towards crash risk. This paper aims to identify the factors affecting Pedestrian Level of Service (PLOS) for unsignalised intersection. Firstly, the potential primary factors influencing pedestrian LOS at crosswalk were summarized from three respects: traffic conflicts, crossing facilities and delay. Secondly, data for the model were collected, including 92 participants real-time sense of comfort and safety when they crossing the selected intersection crosswalks and the design and operational characteristics of the selected intersection. The study area for research work is taken at Ernakulam district of Kerala, India which includes a two three legged intersection. In order to fulfill this objective, a stepwise multi-variable regression analysis was performed using the observed data. A significant number of pedestrians were requested to give ratings for each intersections based on their experience at the actual sites. The scores given by the pedestrians were considered as the dependent variables for the analysis. A video graphic survey was conducted to collect the primary independent variables influencing LOS was identified and tested in the stepwise regression analysis and were carried out to develop PLOS model for overall unsignalised midblock crossings of roads. This pedestrian LOS model was developed by the identified variables.

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 Keywords

Pedestrian LOS, Intersection, Variables

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Our country is an agrarian economy, it has been a land of organic farming. With the implementation of green revolution in 1960�s use of fertilizer and pesticide have increased to increase productivity. Pesticides helps in reducing the crop loss and result in better yield. However, use of pesticides excessively possess serious environmental and human problems. Anyone who uses pesticides or present when sprayed are bound to have risk. Pesticides may travel long distance from the place sprayed and way result in chronic poisoning. The use of pesticides is increasing every year globally and pesticides manufacture, use, storage, and disposal should be strictly regulated to reduce the negative effect on environment and public health. Haphazard use of pesticides and ignorance has increased the risk of exposure not only farmers to pesticide and are becoming a major health threat to all.

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 Keywords

Pesticides, exposure, haphazard, health threat.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The main purpose of doing this project is to aid the military operation. This project is developed on the idea of aiming controlled by brain.This is done using BCI device such as Brainsense Headset. The input controls are given by the brain directly. All the information is carried in the form of electrical pulses inside the brain. These electrical signals are sensors are detected using an EEG sensor. The EEG stands for Electroencephalogram. This sensor is basically an electrode which is placed on forehead or scalp. This sensor takes the raw data, processes it. All this is done using Brainsense Headset. The processed data is transmitted to the microcontroller through Bluetooth communication. Using these signals the motors are controlled for robot movement.

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 Keywords

ARDUINO UNO Microcontroller, EEG sensors, LASER diode.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Blindness, low vision, visual impairment -, vision loss have dramatic impacts on individuals experiencing such disabilities. These carry with them physiological, psychological, social, and economic outcomes, hence impacting the quality of life and depriving such individuals of performing many of the Activities of Daily Living (ADL), the most crucial of which is navigation and mobility. Hence this system concept is to provide a smart electronic wearable aid for blind people. This system is intended to provide an overall measureof object detection and send information related to the path. The system consists of raspberry pi zero, ultrasonic sensor, and a GPS module. This project aims at the development of an Electronic Travelling Aid (ETA) kit to help blind people to find an obstacle-free path. This ETA is fixed to the shoe. When the object is detected near to the shoe alerts them through voice commands and also in advancement with the help of Micro Phone, Here power supply is the main criteria. .

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 Keywords

GPS module, Map box API, Micro Phone ,Raspberry Pi zero, Ultrasonic sensor, Push Buttons.

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 Abstract

Mechanization has become the most important aspect of modern agriculture in India due to increasing demand, less yield, scarcity of farm labors, etc. To maintain the sustainability in the agricultural sector, it is essential to spread the awareness of Farm Mechanization among the farmers. The main problem for farmers to adapt mechanized alternatives is lack of knowledge and scarcity of resources such as man, machine and land. The purpose of this study is to investigate the need and challenges of farm mechanization and the current development in the field of mechanization in India. In this study, it is concluded that agriculture in India contributes 14% towards GDP. However, 48% of the population is engaged in agricultural activities for their livelihood. The demand and sales of tractors, power tillers and farm power availability are increasing year by year. This concludes the importance of implementation of mechanized alternatives for farming. Some of the problems in agricultural mechanization and measures to be taken to increase the awareness and implementation of farm mechanization are given in this study. Summary of the different machines which are currently used towards Farm Mechanization in India and their development is also studied.

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 Keywords

Sustainable, Low input, Agriculture, Mechanization

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Agroforestry is the unique way of farming practice of agriculture and forestry in the same plot of land, Chepang are backward ethnic of Bagmati Province engaged in farm-based agroforestry system and generate production from its practice realized helpful during a crisis. A Novel Coronavirus called COVID-19 devastated sphere and keeps the human lockdown. The farmer faces trouble unexpected long day lockdown. This study is anticipated to analyze the impact of COVID-19 within Chepang in Nepal; as well as a proposed model for the agroforestry caused through COVID. Purposive sampling, with some 100 HHs (Raksirang Rural Municipality, Makwanpur district) data collected in the lockdown period. Chepang experienced many calamities, and COVID-19 was the unique way to fight, farm production was more consume instead of a sale. Continue lockdown engaged in agroforestry farming, lack of wage opportunity, partial functioning of the market, no sale of farm products are the common trends. Food aid support by Rural Municipality played a role helped some 30 HHs poor families. A long-term food security self-sustainability strategy suggested; continue lockdown may crisis, if farm products not sold and wage stopped. A model proposed considering COVID with pointing three major actors (Farmers, Local government and Development agencies) could play a vital role in the future for sustainable development, among the model conditional wage scheme could relieve farmers in the future sustainability.

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 Keywords

Agroforestry, Chepang, COVID-19, Rural Municipality, Livelihood

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In recent years, AMR (Antimicrobial resistance) is a very fervent issue and having great concern for different regulatory agencies and consumers not only in India but also in worldwide. So, reliable and consistent screening methods for detection of antibiotics and its residues are necessary in different food commodities of animal protein origin for food safety point of view. Analytical methods are mainly divided into two groups i.e. screening methods and confirmatory methods. Screening methods are qualitative or semi quantitative, whereas confirmatory methods are quantitative, sensitive and accurate. Selection of the suitable method will depend on the intended degree of accuracy, convenience, urgency, availability of resources, availability of technical expertise and cost.

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AMR, SCREENING AND CONFIRMATORY METHOD, MICROBIOLOGICAL, ELISA, HPLC, UPLC, LC-MSS

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Grass cutting is a time- consuming and labor-intensive process. The technology that is available in the present-day for grass cutting operation is mostly the manually handled Diesel operated cutter. These types of equipment operating under non-conventional sources of energy emit green- house gases and pollute the environment and also responsible for climate change. These grass cutters are also a source of noise pollution that adversely affects the health of the cutter and the surrounding people. The cost of diesel is another matter for consideration. To mitigate the problems of the conventional cutter, a solar-powered automatic grass cutter is designed. Solar energy is chosen because it is free of cost, pollution-free and renewable form of energy. The automation is done to reduce the need for labor. The design consists of a solar panel of rated power 20 W, Solar charge controller of voltage 12 V and current 10 A, sealed Lead Acid battery of 7Ah, 24 V high speed DC motor and cutter blades. Various sensors like ultrasonic and temperature sensors and microcontrollers are used for the automatic function of the machine. The paper summarizes all the design parameters, the working principle, design calculations on the basis of the solar radiation data of Guwahati city and also the cost analysis of the designed system.

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Solar Panel; Battery; sensors; cutter blades

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This study seeks to develop our understanding of the agency involved in construction industry. The goal is to identify the value-oriented reasons for Agencies to utilize specific influence strategies. The study argues that Agencies expectations of project value creation explain the Agencies influence strategies utilized. Social responsibility implementation in construction projects relies on the active involvements by multiple internal and external stakeholders. Stakeholder influences are an important driving force for resolving or alleviating the social and environmental problems in construction activities. The study is to be carried out to evaluate the interrelationship between the agencies like Architectural Agency, Structural Engineer, and Contractors. The goal of the study id to find out the factors influencing the work statics of the stakeholders and affecting their mutual as well as social responsibilities

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Social responsibility Stakeholder influence Construction management Inter-relationship

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Mode of education has changed from face to face teaching to online learning. Students do not have need to go schools, they are learning at their home with their own speed. As they are getting education at home so parents are very much involved in their teaching learning process. Research studies indicate that parents� influences and involvement affect the quality of child learning, so when they are taking their classes at home it is necessary to know the parents point of view on the online classes. Their view can increase the effectiveness of online classes. Present study indicates the parents� perspective on the online classes of their child at home by their school teachers.

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online class, virtual, effectiveness, formal education

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic is an unexpected shock to the Indian economy. The economic impact of the 2019-20 coronavirus pandemic in India has been largely detrimental. The economic impact of the 2019-20 coronavirus pandemic in India has been largely detrimental. The economy was already in a dismal state before the Covid-19 attack. With the protracted freeze across the country, the global economic downturn and the resulting disruption in demand and supply chains, the economy is likely to face a long period of slowdown. The magnitude of the economic impact will depend on the duration and severity of the health crisis, the duration of the blockade and how the situation develops once the blockade is lifted. In this document we describe the state of the Indian economy in the period prior to Covid-19, evaluate the potential impact of the shock on various segments of the economy, and analyze the policies announced so far by the central government and the Reserve Bank of India to improve the economic shock and present a set of policy recommendations for specific sectors.

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 Keywords

Covid-19, pandemic, blockade, protracted freeze.

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 Abstract

Abstract: The toxicity of Sodium fluoride (NaF) to fresh water fish L. rohita was evaluated after exposure to the study of acute (96hrs.) toxicity. The changes of biochemical parameters in muscle, liver, gill and kidney tissues were recorded. Muscle shows the greatest loss of protein due to exposure of NaF followed by liver, gill and kidney. Liver shows significant reduction of lipid and glycogen in comparison with other selected tissues of the experimental fish species.

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Keywords: Sodium fluoride; Labeo rohita; biochemical; body tissue

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CFD, Computational Analysis, Effectiveness, PCM, Solar dryer.

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 Abstract

Soft skills are arguably more challenging to develop, since they have little to do with knowledge or expertise, but are instead closely linked with a person�s character. It requires a commitment to self-development and ongoing practice to improve your soft skills. In comparison, hard skills are more learned, technical and knowledge-based skills that you can develop, for example, through higher education. It goes without saying that these skills are also vital to establishing your success, and work in tandem with your soft skill set.

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Soft Skills,Engage,Interaction

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 Abstract

The present work aims to examine the similarity and variation between concrete mix design by using the IS method and ACI method, also to suggest suitability of mix design through experimental procedure. In this research work 53 grade of OPC, locally available fine aggregate and coarse aggregate were selected based on IS 456-2000 and IS 10262-2009 standards for determining quantities and proportion of concrete having grade M-30. It is observed that water cement ratio is almost identical in the IS method and ACI method. The amount of cement is highest used in IS method were, the percentage of FA is lowest in IS method and highest in ACI method. The concrete cubes having dimension 150�150�150 mm are used and to find out compressive strength values using various mix designs at 7 days and 28 days period and finally compare the results by checking strength and durability criteria.

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 Keywords

Mix design, IS method, ACI method, Compressive strength and Permeability test

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In today�s growing world, we all know how important education have been and how important the performance have become for getting higher education or and kind of jobs. So for the calculation of performance a human take certain amount of time and yes it do consume time. So here we take certain factors like attendance, marks throughout, practical knowledge, extra skills, etc. So, we can assume time consumption for calculation of these many factors. So, here we have designed a system which would help in calculation of performance and marking attendance in a very easy and convenient method. Also, as we know marking and managing a large data of attendance is challenging as analyzing it and get the analyzed data isn�t easy for human so we used NODEMCU and components to manage the attendance of student and get the analyzed data in short period of time and only mark attendance of the real student who passes the parameters such as on time and the student isn�t marking proxy. It is user-friendly, secure and affordable system.

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 Keywords

Data redundancy, Python language, Authentication, Prediction, Machine learning

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Blindness is a state of lack of visual perception, which leads to the inability to see anything, including light. Complete blindness is the total absence of light, but partial blindness represents the lack of integration in the growth of the optic nerve or visual center of the eye. In some cases lens, occupied glasses will help to improve partial blindness. Low vision cannot be corrected by visual aids such as glasses and contacts. In those situations, it is too difficult to find or detect obstacles in front of them, which makes it dangerous. They need some aid to feel safe while navigating. Conventional Blind canes are widely used for assistance, but it has too many limitations. Thus the current scenario needs a technologically developed cane. Thus, Smart cane comes as a proposed solution for visually impaired people. In this experimental work, we implanted a simple, economical, and user-friendly smart blind guidance system. This system is designed to improve the mobility of both visually impaired and blind people, and to remove the curse of blindness, to make them self-dependent to do their daily routines. The proposed work includes the design of a lightweight adaptable cane with multiple sensors connected to an Arduino board, along with a handle head and sticks elongator. A conventional white cane forms the main base frame of the device, ultrasonic and infrared sensors are mounted at appropriate locations to detect obstacles and it can scan a predetermined area, both known and unknown locations around blind by emitting-reflecting waves with the help of that blind stick. The equipped sensors send signals to an Arduino programmed board, which communicates with the alarm unit that comprises a buzzer and vibrator and gives some recorded audio clips to navigate the blind people safely. An audio jack is also available in the blind cane whose presence is not found in other conventional canes. The system can also control the peripheral components that alert the user about the obstacle�s shape, material, and direction. The device is lightweight and is been powered by a battery. Thus the system is easy to use and is an innovative reasonably priced solution to blind and visually impaired people. The power consumption is too low, and the stick is economic over the conventional one.

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 Keywords

smart cane, Ultrasonic, Infrared, sensors, Arduino board, GPS, visually impaired persons

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Worldwide, approximately 73% of the population remains uncovered by adequate social protection schemes. This is attributed by the fact that, social protection mechanisms in most low-income countries, to a large extent cover only formal sector workers while overlooking the majority in informal sector. For example, in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries, social insurance is limited to those in formal wage employment while social assistance is generally poorly funded and restricted to the urban areas. This paper sought to assess coping strategies towards sustaining income security among elderly worked in informal sector in Dodoma region. The research aimed at studying elderly who worked in informal sector bearing in mind that, workers in informal sector to a large extent are deprived of social and economic rights. The findings have revealed that in the absence of universal social protection mechanisms including universal old age pension, older people are involving in different activities so as to cope with different hardships and earn a living. Indeed, the study has reveled that most of coping mechanisms employed by elderly are non-regulated, uncoordinated and erratic including begging, supports from family network and casual labour. In employing their coping mechanisms elderly are faced with challenges including lack of elderly legislation, community negative perception towards ageism, poor physical health, financial constraints and lack of entrepreneurial skills.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Social Protection Mechanisms, Informal Sector/Economy, Elderly, Coping Strategies, Challenges

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Covid-19, an infectious respiratory virus is characterized as a pandemic by global health bodies that threatened the rate of healthy life expectancy across the geographies to a great extent. Eventually, to neutralize the effect including India counterpart nations have adopted the plan of temporary closures leaves no sign of progress. Instead, grappling with the survival console as a strategy to adapt to the new normal by addressing the needs and preferences of the customers. Our line of research is towards FMCG because, it contributes a valuable proportion in the charter of Indian economy. This study covers the crucial impacts of covid-19 on FMCG and how organizations defending the shift in consumption trend globally.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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FMCG, Pandemic, Needs and preferences, new normal, consumption trend

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

NPA, GDP, banks, vaccine, unemployment, International relations, MSMEs, Fake News, PR, Media, Graduates.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition