Volume 13 | Issue 4

 Abstract

The system is a research project on developing a Visual Inquiry (VI) system utilizing deep learning for visual comprehension and Natural Language Processing (NLP) for making context-based replies. VI systems are intended to understand and respond to visual content questions to deliver natural-style cognition and interaction. The system leverages Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to obtain the visual features of the images to obtain salient facts like objects, scenes, and spatial relationships. They are then merged with NLP models that detect the input question in an attempt to display a compound presentation of text and image knowledge.Worthy of mention here are the use of state-of-the-art models such as attention mechanisms and Transformer models to project the image features onto the semantic features of the question. Attention layers enable the model to attend to the correct location in the image and enhance the accuracy of response generation. VI system is trained on vast amounts of data, for example, the VI v2 or Visual Genome dataset, with labeled images, questions, and answers.With the addition of vision and language processing, this VI system is able to answer appropriately to various types of questions, ranging from object recognition to more abstract reasoning questions.

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 Keywords

Convolution Neural Networks(CNN), Vision Transaction, Image segmentation, Large Language Models(LLms), Transformer Architecture (BERT,GPT,T5), Question Answering Systems, Named Entity Recognition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Underwater imaging often faces challenges such as reduced visibility, poor contrast, and color distortions due to light absorption and scattering in water. This project presents a novel approach to underwater image enhancement using a UNet convolutional neural network. The model was trained on a publicly available dataset of underwater images and their enhanced versions. Through its encoder-decoder structure, the U-Net model effectively improves clarity, contrast, and color fidelity. The solution includes preprocessing data, building and training the model, and developing a web application for user interaction. The application, with a Flask backend and a user-friendly frontend, allows users to upload underwater images and view enhanced outputs. By combining deep learning with accessibility, this project offers a practical tool for improving underwater image quality, catering to diverse audiences and applications.

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 Keywords

Image Enhancement, Convolutional Neural Networks, Underwater image processing, Deep Neural Network, Machine Learning.

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 Abstract

As libraries embrace advanced technologies to enhance efficiency and user experience, this project presents a Library Management System integrating Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) and Internet of Things (IoT). This system modernizes library operations by enabling seamless book borrowing and returning through RFID-enabled student identity cards and book tags. When a student places their card near an RFID reader, the system instantly verifies their identity, ensuring fast, secure, and error-free transactions. Beyond automation, the system incorporates real-time tracking of books within library racks, minimizing misplaced or lost items. Additionally, automated notifications remind students of due dates and alert them about overdue books, promoting timely returns. Designed for efficiency at minimal cost, this system optimizes library management, enhances security, and offers a more organized and user-friendly experience.

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 Keywords

Library Management System, RFID, IoT, Real-Time Tracking, Automated Notifications, Book Borrowing and Returning, Student Identity Verification, Misplaced Book Detection, Smart Library, Low-Cost Automation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

With the rapid pace of urbanization and industrial growth, noise pollution has become an inevitable by-product of modern development. This escalating issue is now a major concern for industrial corporations, businesses, and urban planners, affecting both productivity and quality of life. Noise mapping involves analysing and categorizing urban areas based on noise levels to assess and manage noise pollution. In this study, noise levels were surveyed at seven key locations in Nashik city using a noise level meter. The collected data was utilized to develop GIS-based noise maps, which were subsequently compared with the permissible noise levels outlined by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), New Delhi. The findings revealed significant exceedances of permissible noise limits in several zones, underscoring the urgent need for targeted noise mitigation measures. These insights provide a critical foundation for local authorities to implement effective noise reduction strategies and inform urban planning initiatives aimed at minimizing the adverse impacts of noise pollution on public health and quality of life.

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 Keywords

Road traffic noise, urban intersection, noise map, GIS

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 Abstract

Neuromarketing refers to the confluence of neuroscience and marketing. It is concerned with understanding how marketing strategies are designed to elicit consumer purchases. It has now extended to the financial domain, where it is crucial in determining how investment decisions are made. investors are swayed by emotions, branding, and psychological aspects more than reasoning. Interdisciplinary research demonstrates that emotions such as fear, enthusiasm, and trust have a significant influence on investment decisions in stocks, mutual funds, and other financial instruments. Financial marketers employ neuromarketing through enticing promotional and branding campaigns. Investors are unknowingly influenced by subconscious stimuli which causes them to engage in irrational, emotional, or overly cautious investing. This paper builds on past research and behavioural finance studies to discuss the role of neuromarketing in changing investor behaviour. Grasping these matters allows financial firms to better structure their marketing and enables investors to use reasoning while making investment decisions.

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 Keywords

Neuromarketing, Investment Decisions, Investor Behaviour, Emotional Biases, Behavioural Finance, Financial Neuroscience.

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 Abstract

Career decision-making plays a crucial role in shaping students' futures, yet many struggle due to lack of structured guidance and awareness of their strengths. This paper presents an AI-powered Career Assistance Platform, a web-based system designed to recommend personalized job roles based on students' academic performance and personality traits. The platform employs Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithms to classify inputs and suggest relevant career paths. It is developed using PHP and Flask, with a secure backend for data management. The system was tested using real and sample input data and achieved a prediction accuracy of over 95%, validating its effectiveness in career role classification. The platform aims to bridge the gap between education and employment by offering reliable, accessible, and intelligent career guidance.

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 Keywords

Career Prediction, Machine Learning, SVM, Web Development, Career Guidance, PHP, Flask

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The importance of Indian libraries to the country's knowledge system and their important role in its preservation shall be the main topics of this essay. With the goal of encouraging multidisciplinary research via preservation and dissemination, the 2020 education strategy has placed a strong emphasis on the Indian knowledge system. The Indian Knowledge System (IKS) is a priceless cultural legacy that offers insightful information and environmentally friendly methods. However, traditional knowledge is seriously threatened at a time of fast technological development, cultural uniformity, and globalization. With a rich history spanning thousands of years, the Indian knowledge system covers a broad range of topics, such as mathematics, astronomy, philosophy, medicine, and more. Libraries are essential for maintaining, sharing, and expanding this information. Ancient Indian libraries housed literary works, scientific papers, philosophical treatises, and holy writings. Libraries were centers for talks, debates, and intellectual interaction in addition to being locations to store books. The preservation of information, manuscripts, artifacts, and historical items is the duty of libraries that function as administrators. An extensive review of the state of the art in traditional knowledge preservation is given in this study.

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 Keywords

Indian Knowledge System (IKS), Knowledge Preservation, National Mission for Manuscript (NMM), National Digital Library of India (NDLI), and Traditional Knowledge Digital Library (TKDL), Libraries; New Education Policy etc.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Tablets and capsules are prone to dysphagia, leading to non-compliance and inefficient therapy. To avoid difficulties associated with conventional Mouth dissolving tablets are the preferred dosage form for paediatrics, geriatrics, and traveling patients due to its hardness, consistent dose, and ease of administration. The MDTs were designed to have high hardness, integrity, and rapid disintegration without water. Fast dissolving Tablets dissolve easily in saliva, eliminating the need for water. Fast-dissolving pills dissolve quickly in saliva, taking only a few seconds. Fast-disintegrating tablets contain chemicals that speed up tablet disintegration in the oral cavity, taking up to a minute to fully dissolve. This tablet type allows for oral delivery of a substantial dose without the need for water. Tablets dissolve quickly in saliva, typically within 60 seconds.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Mouth dissolving tablet, Disintegration, Patented technologies, Marketed MDTs

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The paper reports the results of the analysis of large-scale study data of diabetes prediction by employing an array of machine learning models. The Random Forest model is found to be highly discriminatory on the training set if its Area Under the Curve (AUC) value is close to one. Overfitting or erroneous classification threshold may be one of the probable issues as it has low accuracy in properly tagging data. The research also contrasted the Gaussian Naive Bayes, XgBoost, CatBoost, Gradient Boosting, and Logistic Regression models. Consistent performance of logistic regression on datasets with mid-level accuracy and AUC revealed equally well-balanced capability in classification and ranking. XgBoost and CatBoost did well in generalization and test data accuracy, and Gaussian Naive Bayes did well on the training data but suffered a dramatic decline in performance when executed on test and unseen data, possibly due to an overfitting problem. Gradient boosting also had a very close margin of accuracy when run on unseen data but had excellent discriminative capability on all the training, test, and unseen data and excellent generalization from the training data. The research ended with an agreement that which model would be used would be based on whether the specific requirement of the application was class discrimination, label prediction, or both being more salient.

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 Keywords

Diabetes, Blood Glucose Monitoring, Machine Learning, IoT, Classification, Prediction, Healthcare Monitoring.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Visually impaired individuals face significant challenges in navigating complex environments and accessing real-time information about their surroundings. Current assistive technologies often fall short in providing the independence and ease of use required for daily activities. This project addresses these limitations through the development of a cutting-edge smart glasses system, specifically designed to enhance mobility and accessibility for the visually impaired. The proposed smart glasses integrate a high-resolution camera, a Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W, and audio output via earphones to offer real-time auditory feedback on the user's environment. The camera captures live visual data, which is processed using advanced models like Vision language Model The Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W serves as the core processing unit, chosen for its compact size and adequate processing power, ensuring that the device remains lightweight and comfortable for prolonged use.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Raspberry Pi, Raspberry Pi Camera, Vision Language Model, Image Processing, Transformers.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Passengers can find it difficult to move around in complicated environments, especially in large or unfamiliar environments. Augmented Reality (AR) is employed in this method to overcome such challenges. Passengers can locate facilities like ticketing offices, platforms, toilets, and food courts using a smartphone application giving real-time, on-screen directions using augmented reality overlays. For the convenience of all users, including the disabled, voice guidance and interactive digital kiosks are integrated to offer extra assistance. Real-time information is integrated into the system to offer correct navigation, making easy adaptation to facility relocations or layout adjustments feasible. The multi-platform solution offers maximum passenger convenience, minimizes confusion, and enables effective orientation by integrating AR and GPS technologies. The method revolutionizes the process of navigating through by offering an intuitive, context-aware, and user-friendly way of navigating in dynamic and complicated environments.

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 Keywords

: Augmented Reality, Navigation, Indoor Navigation, Outdoor Navigation, Real-time Guidance, Accessibility, Mobile Application, GPS

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 Abstract

Tulsidas ke Kavya mein lokmangal ka Vidhan aur vartman kalik prasangikta

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Tulsidas ke Kavya mein lokmangal ka Vidhan aur vartman kalik prasangikta

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 Abstract

Uterine carcinosarcoma (malignant mixed mesodermal tumor) are and aggressive tumors. Commonly presents with abnormal vaginal bleeding and rapidly enlarging uterus with polypoid mass that may protrude through the cervix. The absence of specific laboratory findings makes the diagnosis of this tumor difficult. Endometrial sampling should never be underestimate in any patient with abnormal vaginal bleeding and enlarged uterus after the age of 40 to diagnose and guide the management. However, negative histology does not exclude the disease as found in our case report series.

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uterine carcinosarcoma (malignant mixed mesodermal tumor), endometrial carcinoma, deep vein thrombosis.

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 Abstract

Using the VGG16 model and transfer learning, this algorithm classifies retinal pictures as either exhibiting indications of diabetic retinopathy ("dr") or not ("nodr"). Images are processed with ImageDataGenerator for augmentation using TensorFlow and Keras, and then loaded in batches for testing, validation, and training. Only the last layer of the VGG16 model is altered for binary classification,the other layers are loaded with pre-trained weights. A new dense output layer with softmax activation is added after the other layers have been frozen to preserve learnt features. The Adam optimiser and categorical cross-entropy loss are used to train the model over five epochs.Lastly, a confusion matrix is used to visualise the test set predictions, emphasising true positives and false negatives to assess classification performance. Using transfer learning, Confusion Matrix method uses little data to produce accurate, efficient classification

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 Keywords

Here are some important keywords related to your project on **"Convolutional Neural Networks for Automated Diabetic Retinopathy Diagnosis" using VGG16**: ### General Keywords: - **Deep Learning** - **Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs)** - **Artificial Intelligence (AI)** - **Machine Learning (ML)** - **Computer Vision** ### Medical & Domain-Specific Keywords: - **Diabetic Retinopathy (DR)** - **Retinal Fundus Images** - **Ophthalmology** - **Medical Image

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Greenhouses provide a controlled environment that enhances plant growth by regulating temperature, humidity, and light. However, managing these environmental factors manually can be challenging and may lead to reduced crop productivity. The project presents a Greenhouse Monitoring and Control System that uses various sensors and a control unit to automate the regulation of greenhouse conditions. The system continuously monitors critical factors such as temperature, soil moisture, and light intensity, adjusting the environment by turning on fans, activating watering pumps, and controlling artificial lighting as needed. The system incorporates machine learning algorithms to analyze sensor data and predict which crops are best suited for the current conditions. By offering crop recommendations based on real-time environmental factors, the system enables farmers to make informed decisions, optimizing crop selection for maximum yield and profitability. This project aims to reduce human error, improve farming efficiency, and increase sustainability by automating key greenhouse functions and providing data-driven insights to enhance productivity.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Green House, ESP32 Microcontroller, Machine Learning, Google Colab, Crop Prediction, Sensors, IOT.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Beads creativity refers to the artistic and imaginative use of beads in various crafts and designs. This can include jewelry making, where beads are strung together to create necklaces, bracelets, and earrings, or other decorative items such as keychains, ornaments, and home decor. The process involves selecting different types of beads such as glass, wood, metal, or plastic and combining them in unique patterns, colors, and textures to express personal style or convey specific themes. The process of beads creativity often begins with inspiration, which can come from nature, cultural symbols, personal experiences, or current trends. Artists may sketch designs or plan patterns before beginning their work. Techniques involved in beads creativity include stringing, where beads are threaded onto cords or wires; weaving, which interlaces beads to form intricate patterns; and embroidery, where beads are sewn onto fabric to enhance garments or accessories. Additionally, beads creativity allows for the exploration of color theory, as artists can mix and match beads to create harmonious or contrasting color schemes. The choice of materials also plays a significant role, as artists may incorporate sustainable or recycled materials to promote environmental awareness in their work. Beads creativity, which can be therapeutic and meditative, as their natural beauty, evokes harmony, balance, and their connection with nature. As artists engage in this hands-on craft, they can experience a sense of flow and mindfulness, making it a rewarding and fulfilling endeavour. Beads creativity shows one's personal expression and story behind. Pearl and bead accessories are timeless and versatile, offering a perfect blend of sophistication and creativity. These accessories have evolved over time to include both traditional and contemporary designs, making them suitable for various occasions. These accessories are celebrated for their adaptability, making them a staple in both modern and traditional wardrobes. Whether you are looking for something understated or bold, pearl and bead accessories cater to every style preference. Beads creativity is a vibrant and dynamic art form that offers many benefits, from stress relief and self-expression to cognitive development and social connections. With its rich history, diverse techniques, and various applications, beads creativity is an excellent hobby or profession for anyone looking to explore their creative potential. Whether you are a seasoned artist or a beginner, beads creativity will inspire and delight.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords: Accessories, Beads, Chains, Handcraft, Pearls.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

With the rapid growth of urbanization, industrialization, and vehicular traffic, air pollution and changing weather patterns have emerged as critical environmental concerns. This project presents the design and implementation of an IoT-based Weather and Air Pollution Monitoring System using the Raspberry Pi Pico microcontroller. The system is equipped with a suite of environmental sensors to measure key parameters such as temperature, humidity, and concentrations of harmful gases including CO?. Using the Wi-Fi module, real-time data is transmitted to a web server for remote monitoring. The system provides air quality readings in Parts Per Million (PPM) and defines them into qualitative levels--such as "Fresh Air" and "Poor Air". These readings, along with weather data, are displayed simultaneously on an LCD screen and on Things View Application. This project demonstrates the practical application of Internet of Things (IoT) technology for real-time, low-cost, and efficient environmental monitoring. This project explains the depiction and execution of an Air Pollution detection system. The innovation grasped here, is a handsome execution of the idea of Internet of Things. This detailed work is an exploration of the possibilities of consumption of this innovation, In this world, where natural wellbeing is turning into a genuine risk. The work is actualized utilizing microcontroller board of Raspberry pi pico. In this project I am going to make an IoT based Weather and Air Pollution Monitoring System in which I will monitor the Weather and Air Quality over a webserver using Wi-Fi device.

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 Keywords

IoT, Raspberry Pi Pico, Air Pollution Monitoring, Weather Monitoring, Environmental Sensors, Real-Time Data, Wi-Fi Connectivity.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

International Humanitarian Law often termed as the law of war or law of armed conflict it constitutes a vital branch of public international law. it regulates the conduct of hostilities and seeks to limit the adverse effects of warfare, primarily by safeguarding individuals not participating in the conflict and by restricting the means and methods of warfare Rooted in ancient customs, religious teachings and ethical military principles, Furthermore, IHL has evolved significantly through treaties, conventions and customary international law. However, the historical milestones such as the Lieber code (1863), which emphasized military necessity humanity, and chivalry, laid foundational principles that later influenced the Hague convention and Geneva conventions. The modern structure of IHL was catalyzed by the humanitarian efforts of Henry Dunant following the Battle of Solferino in 1859, leading to the creation of the International Committee of the Red Cross and the first Geneva Convention in 1864. Furthermore, IHL is primarily divided into two branches the geneva law, which protect victims of armed conflict, and the Hague law, which governs the means and methods of warfare. Its sources include both the treaty law and customary international law the latter formed through consistent state practice accompanied by a belief in legal obligation (opinion juris). however, the identification of customary norms relies on a two-element approach: General practice and its legal acceptance. this framework ensures adaptability and coherence across different legal systems and conflicts scenarios. By imposing legal obligation and humanitarian standards. IHL serves an important role to securing the dignity of the human being during war and promoting accountability among the countries.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

International Humanitarian Law, Law of War, Jus in Bello, Chivalry, Red Cross, Lieber Code, Customary International Law, Hague Convention, Geneva Convention

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The supreme duty of a man is to prepare himself for self realization with the Ultimate Truth. It was with this contemplation and recognition of the truth that education was conducted in the ancient era. The importance of Education does not require any illusionary emphasis. The fundamental purpose of Education is to transfigure the human personality into a pattern of perfection through a synthetic process of the development of the body, the enrichment of the mind, the sublimation of the emotions and the illumination of the spirit. It is the preparation for a living and life, here and hereafter. To quote and old Sanskrit adage:

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GENESIS OF EDUCATION AS A FUNDAMENTAL RIGHT

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People do not have track on their monthly expenses and receivables and they do not have any control on what they spend. Developing an website which will be able to keep track on expenses and receivables can solve this problem. To manage our monthly expenses we designed a website. Whatever we spend monthly or daily will be recorded in this website. And it is used to manage our monthly expenses. User can enter their limited budget of the entire month in this website where when the user exceeds their given budget in the respective month will be notified through this website. SplitIt is a web application designed to manage and streamline expense sharing within groups i.e. Group expense sharing. It enables users to track their contributions to group expenses, manage monthly income, and monitor individual spending patterns. The platform efficiently calculates and displays "who owes whom and by how much," simplifying the often complex process of splitting costs among multiple participants. Additionally, SplitIt offers users the ability to track their own monthly or yearly expenses, providing a comprehensive view of personal finances, Personal expense tracking. Through these features, the application aims to help users manage expenses more effectively and transparently.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition