Volume 13 | Issue 4

 Abstract

This study evaluates the impact of skills-based education programmes initiated by NGOs in West Singhbhum, Jharkhand. In a region marked by poverty and lack of educational and employment opportunities, these initiatives have helped empower women,these programmes have played a vital role in increasing their economic independence and improving their social status. This research analyses the effectiveness of these programmes, which provide training in tailoring, knitting, food processing and small businesses,this has given women the opportunity to generate income and support their families. In addition, the study also examines how skill-based education has increased women's confidence and active participation in community decision-making.Through interviews with women, NGO representatives and community leaders, this study shows that these initiatives have not only brought economic and social change to women's lives, but are also a significant step towards collective development and empowerment.

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Skill based education, empowerment, economic independence, NGO, women leadership.

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Introduction:The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of individualized homoeopathic medicines in the treatment of panic attacks, specifically focusing on their effectiveness in managing symptoms and improving patient outcomes. A total of 30 patients with a history of panic attacks were included in this case series, with 29 patients showing significant improvement, while 1 patient did not experience any improvement. The study employed individualized homoeopathic treatment, with remedies selected based on the patient's unique symptoms, constitution, and mental-emotional state. Assessment was conducted through regular follow-ups, symptom analysis, and clinical evaluation..Method: Study Design: A case series study .Study Setting:. The cases for the study were be selected from OPD/ IPD of college & hospital. Cases from peripheral OPD & from health camps. Sample size: 30 cases Sampling Technique: Total 30 samples with complaints of panic attacks selected by Simple Random Sampling Technique.Result: The Common symptoms in cases were palpitations, trembling , shivering, flushes of heat, etc Maximum patients that is 10 belonged to age group "40-50 years of age,6 patients belonged to 3 1-40 years of age ,6 patients belonged to 21-30 years of age and 5 belonged to 11-20 years of`age and 3 patients belonged to age group 51-60 years age Around 89 percent of patients were male and 21 percent were female. The stress factor that contributed the most was health issues of patient(9 cases) and others are money related, family related, studies related, job related, relationship related .Around 29 patients improved and 1 were still under the individualized case study .The most indicated medicine was aconite, arsenic, argentum nitricum, and other remedies were nitric acid, phosphorous, sulphur, calcarea carb, agaricus, cannabis indica, pulsatilla, psorinum, kali carbonicum, lycopodium, bryonia, Aurum Mur, aurum met, cocculus, Asarum, calcarean Fluoricum, ignatia, sepia, natrum Mur, Gelsemium, nux vomica, Staphysagria, Capsium, silicea .The mean score for Panic disorder severity scale before and after was 22.25 and 74,0417. The p value is less than 0.001 which is highly significantConclusion: cases were taken up randomly for the study. The total number of thirty cases were derived with the interpretation of patients suffering with psychosomatic illness ( panic attacks)

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Keyword: Individualized homoeopathic medicines, panic attacks, case series study

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The swift transformation in the academic system and their impact on teachers as well as students set multiple challenges. Across the globe, mathematics is still regarded as one of the most difficult subject to learn. Certain expectations that parents or teachers place on their children cause them to become fearful of and avoid learning Mathematics. The research work presents students' fear of the subject Mathematics and its causes as well as possible treatments. The study was conducted in the Panvel (Navi Mumbai) region of the state of Maharashtra and a descriptive survey research approach was chosen. For the study, a sample of school and college students was chosen using a technique for random sampling. A questionnaire with the heading "Fear Factors of the subject Mathematics" was created and utilized to gather data. Chi-square (x2) is used to analyse the hypothesis at the 0.05 level of significance. The primary reasons of mathematics phobia are curriculum structure, educational facilities, instructional strategies, instructors' teaching performance, usage of tools and technology, and evaluation systems. The study findings included, among other things, the teaching style of the teachers and the teacher-student relationship and the use of harsh language against students as contributing factors to students' fear of mathematics. These issues are additionally exacerbated by internal variables like boredom, motivation, disinterest, and lack of engagement with the subject. It is suggested, based on the findings, that effective communication is essential for both the teacher and the student when teaching and studying mathematics. And also, math teachers undergo periodic retraining to have concepts of creative methods of teaching mathematics to prevent fear.

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Mathematics, mathematics phobia, curriculum structure, teaching style, teacher- student relationship, motivation

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Technical interviews and professional networking are pivotal in today's competitive job market, yet both processes often face challenges such as inefficiency, lack of engagement, and inadequate skill assessment. This paper introduces TALENT MATCH, a dual-purpose platform that revolutionizes technical interviews while fostering professional networking among students, companies, and professionals. TALENT MATCH integrates a real-time coding environment with a video conferencing feature, enabling seamless face-to-face interactions during technical interviews. The platform is designed to streamline the hiring process by providing tools such as live code sharing, automated code evaluation, and performance analytics, ensuring a comprehensive assessment of candidates' technical abilities. Additionally, TALENT MATCH incorporates advanced monitoring features like plagiarism detection and tab-switching prevention to maintain the integrity of the interview process. By combining these functionalities, TALENT MATCH aims to create a more efficient, transparent, and engaging interview experience for both candidates and recruiters. The platform's unique combination of technical interview tools and professional networking features addresses critical challenges in the hiring process and workforce development. During one-on-one interview sessions, candidates are presented with real-time problems in their field of expertise, allowing recruiters to evaluate problem-solving skills, time management, and performance under pressure. Simultaneously, the networking component of TALENT MATCH facilitates global collaboration and knowledge exchange, creating a dynamic ecosystem for career growth. This paper discusses the architecture, design principles, and implementation of TALENT MATCH, along with its potential to transform both technical hiring and professional networking. Preliminary evaluations demonstrate its effectiveness in improving interview outcomes and fostering meaningful professional connections, making TALENT MATCH a versatile solution for the modern workforce.

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Technical Interviews, Video Conferencing, Real time coding environment

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 Abstract

Samkalin katha sahitya mein mahila sahityakar mehrunissa parwaje ke upnyaso ka samikshatamak adhyayan

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Samkalin katha sahitya mein mahila sahityakar mehrunissa parwaje ke upnyaso ka samikshatamak adhyayan

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The Panchayati Raj in rural India, institutions and grassroots local self-governance units have been viewed as instruments for socioeconomic change. In India, it is recognized as an institutional manifestation of democratic decentralization. Being nearer to the people allows local governments to better utilize resources and respond to local needs. Panchayati Raj, a democratic decentralization system, is regarded as a tool to guarantee democracy and socioeconomic change. It is now generally acknowledged that effective public involvement and national development depend on locally self-governing organizations. They play a crucial and fundamental role in the democratic process. Based on tiny governmental entities, "Grassroots of Democracy" empowers individuals to instill democratic values and a sense of responsibility. Additionally, it offers a special opportunity to get involved in public affairs, particularly tasks related to development. Every political system, whether it be modern or old, democratic or authoritarian, big or tiny, requires participation. Through elected, self-governing local councils in rural areas, the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1992 gave panchayats constitutional status and an institutional framework to support grassroots democracy. The historical context and organizational framework of Panchayati Raj in India are covered in this essay, along with the difficulties that the current Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) encounter in carrying out their mandates. The involvement of women in PRIs and current panchayat governance initiatives are also noted in the study.

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Panchayati Raj, Participation, Women, Swaraj

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Hindi baal kavya mein rashtra chetana ke swar

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Hindi baal kavya mein rashtra chetana ke swar

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Career Explorer is an innovative tool that combines psychometric analysis and activity-based assessments to provide personalized career guidance for students. This tool aims to help students discover their strengths, interests, and passions, and explore career paths that align with their unique profiles. By leveraging AI-powered algorithms and interactive assessments, Career Explorer offers a comprehensive and engaging career guidance experience

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Career development, Machine learnings, web development ,career guidance, web development , course recommendation.

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Crafting a professional resume is often a complex and time-intensive task for job seekers. This paper introduces the development of a web-based Resume Builder application utilizing the MERN stack (MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, and Node.js) to simplify and enhance the resume creation process. The platform allows users to efficiently design, personalize, and export resumes through an intuitive and interactive interface. Key functionalities include user authentication, dynamic form fields, real-time preview, customizable templates, and PDF export capabilities. The system architecture is structured around the Model-View-Controller (MVC) pattern, ensuring scalability, modularity, and ease of maintenance. Leveraging the MERN stack provides a cohesive full- stack development approach, utilizing JavaScript across both frontend and backend, thereby optimizing performance and development efficiency. This paper explores the system's design, implementation, key benefits, and potential future enhancements, demonstrating how modern web technologies can revolutionize the resume- building experience for users.

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MERN Stack, Resume Builder, Web Application, Full-Stack Development, MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, Node.js, MVC Architecture, PDF Generation, User Authentication, Dynamic Forms, Frontend Development, JavaScript.

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Job satisfaction is a critical factor influencing employee performance, retention, and organizational success. This research paper aims to compare the job satisfaction levels between public and private sector employees in Surat District of Gujarat. The study analyzes key factors contributing to job satisfaction, including salary, job security, work-life balance, career advancement opportunities, and work environment. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, gathering data through surveys and interviews from employees in both sectors. The findings highlight differences and similarities in satisfaction levels and provide insights for policymakers and organizations to enhance employee well-being and productivity.

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Job Satisfaction, Public Sector, Private Sector, Salary, Work-Life Balance, Employee Motivation, Surat, Gujarat

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Disorders of Consciousness (DoC) such as coma, vegetative state and minimally conscious state are difficult to assess and manage clinically. Most traditional assessments for diagnosis are subjective and therefore not very effective in terms of diagnosis and management. In the past few years, machine learning has become the very revolutionary tool in neuroscience that has contributed a lot to improving the effectiveness and accuracy of diagnosis. With ML, subjective assessments can be avoided because of their capability to prove the fact of differences amongst various DoC states through extensive analysis of complex neuroimaging and electrophysiological data. The paper offers a review of machine learning applications for detecting DoC-in-brain injuries with respect to already existing methodologies, algorithms, mathematical models, evaluation metrics, and results obtained through ML approaches. It, also, discusses the limits of the presently available methods and gives an accuracy chart that compares and contrasts various ML models. The further findings demonstrate how artificial intelligence could change the way DoC is diagnosed and prognosed, opening the way for the reliable, scalable, and data-driven assessment of DoC.

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Brain Disorders, Machine Learning, Electrophysiological, Consciousness Disorders

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Art refers to a diverse variety of human creations, activities, and expressions that are either appealing or attractive to the finer senses or bear some impact to the mind of an individual. Accordingly, art encompasses a huge range of forms, visual and performing. Craft is the handwork of people, done aesthetically, imparting a touch of elegance and beauty to it. India has a great history of art and craft traditions. Each part of the country has its own unique cultural ethos, which is manifested in the handicrafts of that particular region. Indian crafts and handicraft traditions are influenced by local topography, climate, and socio-religious factors. These craft traditions have withstood the ravages of time and numerous foreign invasions and continue to flourish till date owing to the assimilative nature of Indian culture and broadmindedness of the craftsmen to accept and use new ideas. Indian craft tradition has no parallel in the world, in diversity as well as in technique and use of materials. The craft traditions of India vary from region to region. These crafts cater to the day-to -day needs of the people and also used for decorative and religious purposes. The history of Indian handicrafts is an old saga. The traces of Indian handicrafts goes back to almost 5000 years from now. The first references to Indian handicrafts can be found from the Indus Valley Civilization (3000 B.C.-1700 B.C.). The craft tradition in India has revolved around religious beliefs, local needs of the common people, as well as the special needs of the patrons and royalty, along with foreign and domestic trade.

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handicraft ,traditions,Indian craft

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Kajal is used as an eye-catcher and was formerly known as surma. The idea behind the creation of herbal kajal using medicinal herb for enhancement is a fresh and creative method. The main advantages of these cosmetics are improved patient compliance, increased durability, water resistance, and an affordable shaping curve.

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surma, kajal, Anethum graveolens seeds,

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The real estate sector is highly susceptible to anti-competitive practices, including market dominance and price manipulation, which distort fair competition, inflate property prices, and limit market accessibility. This dissertation provides a legal analysis of monopolistic behaviour, collusion, and other unfair trade practices that undermine competition in real estate markets. By examining key legal frameworks, case law, and regulatory responses, the study explores the impact of price-fixing, bid-rigging, and predatory pricing on property values and consumer choice. The research evaluates the role of dominant firms and financial institutions in shaping market conditions through exclusionary tactics and artificial price inflation. It also highlights regulatory loopholes and enforcement challenges that allow anti-competitive conduct to persist. A comparative analysis of different jurisdictions assesses the effectiveness of antitrust laws and competition authorities in addressing these issues. Findings indicate that weak enforcement and regulatory gaps contribute to ongoing price distortions and restricted market access. This study advocates for stronger legal mechanisms, enhanced market transparency, and improved enforcement strategies to ensure fair competition. By providing legal and policy recommendations, this dissertation contributes to the discourse on competition law and regulatory reforms aimed at fostering a more transparent and accessible real estate market.

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Real Estate, Competition Law, Competition Commission of India

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The food service industry has been revolutionized by the integration of online food ordering platforms, which provide enhanced convenience and efficiency for both consumers and restaurateurs. This comprehensive review examines the creation of web-based food ordering systems utilizing the MERN (MongoDB, Express.js, React, Node.js) stack. The fullstack JavaScript architecture of MERN enables developers to construct highly responsive, scalable, and secure web applications that address the needs of both users and businesses. The paper examines crucial elements such as user authentication, flexible menu management, instantaneous order processing, and secure payment integration, all implemented within the MERN framework. Furthermore, the study investigates challenges related to data protection, performance enhancement, and cloud-based deployment. The survey also delves into recent technological advancements, including the incorporation of AI-powered features like customized suggestions and anticipatory ordering, within the context of MERN-based applications. This research aims to offer a thorough examination of the capabilities and constraints of employing the MERN stack for developing robust online food ordering systems, emphasizing the advantages for developers, businesses, and end-users.

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Online Food Ordering, MERN Stack, Secure Payment Processing, Order Management, Web Development, Scalability, JWT Authentication.

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In the digital age of today, children make up a huge and basic segment of the population on the web. Children are spending even more time on the Internet .As a result of excessive use of computers and the internet children are becoming more vulnerable to cybercrime including bullying, data theft, fraud, harassment and other harmful behaviour and content. Cases of online sexual abuse and exploitation of children have surged in India and worldwide .Although the government is taking all the possible efforts to tackle the menace of cybercrime against children, yet a lot has to be done. The present study aimed at exploring the problem of cybercrime against children in India. This is a comparative study based on doctrinal method dealing with data collected from primary as well as secondary resources. This research is descriptive and analytical in nature. The objective of this study is to explore, examine andanalyze the legal provisions regarding cybercrime against children.

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Child,Cyber crime,Cyber security,Online crime,

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This paper focuses on the fabrication of an electric-powered Go-Kart aimed at achieving a balance between lightweight construction, durability, safety and high performance. The Go-Kart is specifically designed for racing on level circuits and features a simple layout comprising four wheels, a seat, steering mechanism and braking system excluding suspension and differential systems to reduce complexity and weight. The vehicle is powered by an electric battery offering an eco-friendly alternative to traditional fuel-powered models. The model emphasizes four key aspects i.e. durability, safety, lightweight construction and high performance. The chassis is fabricated using mild steel pipes, selected for their balance between strength and weight, ensuring a rigid and safe framework. Careful consideration has been given to the material selection and chassis design to provide mechanical strength and stability under racing conditions. The outcome is a reliable, efficient, and performance-oriented electric Go-Kart, suitable for competitive racing on smooth, level tracks.

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Emphasizing the legal systems and regulations controlling the acquisition, use, and distribution of children's data, this paper investigates the evolving dynamics of children's privacy in the digital age. Emphasizing the challenges in balancing the protection of children's rights with the demands of online commerce, this study investigates the consequences of international legal frameworks including the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA) in the United States as well as various national legislation. Particular focus is on the nuances of parental consent, the definition of age criterion for agreement, and the growing concerns about online behavioural advertising targeted at minors. Emphasising parental assent and the age of majority, the growing legislative frameworks--best shown by the Digital Personal Data Protection Act in India--recognize the need of flexibility in the treatment of children's data. Particularly with age limitations and content moderation, this study systematically examines the complex balance between protecting children's rights and enabling safe digital engagement. The paper discusses the need of openness, privacy by design, and data protection impact assessments in the safeguarding of personal data of children. It supports a more complex and flexible approach for data protection that considers children's evolving cognitive and developmental capacities as well as their rights to privacy and freedom of expression against too invasive intrusion. Emphasizing their practical relevance and the impact of future technologies on children's online experiences, it finally assesses the effectiveness of present regulatory systems in providing enough protection.

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Keywords: Children's privacy, data protection, GDPR, COPPA, parental consent, online advertising, privacy by design, legal frameworks.

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Skip the Line is a web-based standalone application designed to modernize the medicine dispensing process in hospitals by eliminating the need for physical queues. It enables seamless interaction between patients, pharmacy staff, and administrators through an intuitive interface. Patients can register, log in, and upload prescriptions as in-patients or out- patients. Each prescription receives a unique tracking ID, allowing users to monitor their request status in real-time. The system also integrates online payment functionality via Razor pay, ensuring a smooth and secure checkout experience. Built using Python Flask for the back end and MySQL for database management, the application also features email notifications using SMTP and PDF bill generation via the ReportLab library. An admin dashboard allows hospital staff to manage prescriptions, update inventory, track user logins, change statuses, and generate bills. Additionally, a built-in chat bot enhances user experience by addressing frequently asked qustions related to medicines, uploads, payments, and system usage. Overall, the platform aims to reduce patient waiting times, enhance operational efficiency, and provide a secure, contact less pharmacy experience. This solution aims to improve patient satisfaction by optimizing the pharmacy workflow and reducing wait times, ultimately enhancing the overall hospital experience

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Medicine Dispensing System Hospital Pharmacy Automation Queue Management Web-Based Healthcare Application Prescription Tracking Patient-Centric Systems Flask Web Framework MySQL Database Razorpay Integration PDF Bill Generation Email Notifications (SMTP) Admin Dashboard Inventory Management Healthcare Chatbot Real-Time Status Monitoring Contactless Pharmacy Solution Healthcare Workflow Optimization Patient Satisfaction Digital Prescription Upload In-Patient and Out-Patient Ser

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India's relationship with narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances is complex, considering its historical, cultural, and geographical background. Although the nation has used some narcotic substances such as opium and cannabis for medicinal and religious purposes historically, the increasing trend of drug abuse and trafficking has made it imperative to adopt stringent legal policies. The Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 (NDPS Act) is the main legislation controlling, regulating, and punishing narcotic drugs in India.

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TRACING THE ORIGIN AND SIGNIFICANCE OF NDPS ACT: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE

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