Volume 13 | Issue 4

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Partial shading condition, honey-comb, bridge-link, total-cross-tied, fill factor, power loss

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Monitoring fetal health, especially in high-risk pregnancies, remains a significant challenge due to the complexity of accurately detecting fetal heart sounds (FHS). This paper presents a novel, fully noninvasive approach to extract fetal heart sounds from acoustic signals recorded from the maternal abdominal surface. The proposed method utilizes a single-channel blind source separation (SCBSS) technique, combining empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) to effectively separate and extract fetal heart sounds from mixed audio signals. The performance of the algorithm was evaluated on a dataset of 110 pregnant women, collected at Hafez Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Testing on 50 randomly selected samples demonstrated the algorithm's ability to accurately separate the fetal heart sound, with the calculated fetal heart rate (FHR) achieving a 96% accuracy when compared to simultaneous ultrasound recordings. These results demonstrate the potential of the proposed noninvasive method for reliable, continuous fetal health monitoring, offering significant benefits in the management of high-risk pregnancies.

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Fetal, Phonocardiogram, Heart Rate;Two channel Blind Source Separation

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The present study aims to examine the impact of education and modern technologies both positive and negative on secondary school students. A comprehensive review of both Indian and international studies was undertaken to support the research framework. The study follows a descriptive survey method. A sample of 200 students from secondary schools in the Prakasam district was selected using a stratified random sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was developed to gather students' opinions on the influence of education and modern technologies. The collected data were analyzed using various statistical methods, including mean, standard deviation (SD), t-test, and F-test. The scores obtained were compared across different variables such as gender, medium of instruction, class, type of school management, locality, parental qualifications, parental occupation, and family income. The findings have been interpreted in the context of previous studies. Based on the results, relevant suggestions and recommendations for future research have been provided.

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Modern Technologies, Positive and Negative impacts

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Amitav Ghosh's The Circle of Reason uses postmodern techniques to challenge linear historical narratives. The novel follows Alu, a man displaced by personal tragedy and a wrongful accusation, highlighting the cyclical nature of history. Through characters like Balaram, Ghosh critiques Western rationalism, portraying it as a cultural construct. Elements of folklore and symbolic storytelling explore memory, identity, and migration. The novel's structure mirrors the gunas, Satwa, Rajas, and Tamas, representing human existence. The loom symbolizes the unpredictability of history and cultural connections. Ghosh critiques colonialism, presenting history as a fragmented, subjective experience. His non-linear storytelling rejects objective truths. Ultimately, the novel advocates for multiple perspectives on history and identity.

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Postmodernism, Cyclical History, Migration, Gunas (Satwa, Rajas, Tamas), Multiple Perspectives.

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A quantitative research approach and non-experimental descriptive research design were used to assess the knowledge regarding antenatal diet among 40 primigravida mothers who are attending antenatal OPD for their routine examination in a selected civil hospital, Abohar were selected by convenience sampling technique. Demographic variables comprise age, Education Qualification, Type of Food habit, Religion, Family income per month (Rs), Gestational Age, Occupation, and Source of information. A Structured questionnaire was prepared to assess the knowledge regarding antenatal diet among primigravida mothers. Findings of the study revealed that A study on primigravida mothers' knowledge of antenatal diet found that 65.0% had average knowledge, 25.0% had good knowledge, and 10.0% had very good knowledge. The highest mean score was 19.55% for ages 28-32, and the lowest was 15.80% for ages 23-27. Illiterate mothers had the highest educational score (21.25%), while secondary education mothers had the lowest (14.58%). No significant associations were found with food habits, religion, or family income. The first trimester had the highest mean score for gestational age (20.80%), and the highest information source score was from print media (21.00%), and the lowest from health personnel (16.58%).

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knowledge, antenatal diet, primi-gravida mothers, antenatal opd, routine examination

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Mahila Shastrikaran : swayam sahaya samahu ki bhumika

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Mahila Shastrikaran : swayam sahaya samahu ki bhumika

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This study aims to evaluate customer satisfaction with the banking services provided by Co- operative banks operating in Coimbatore City. The research examines various services such as deposits, loans, digital banking, and insurance products to identify key factors influencing customer satisfaction. The study provides actionable recommendations to enhance service quality, foster trust, and strengthen customer relationships, contributing to the overall development of Co-operative banking in Coimbatore.

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Co-operative bank, satisfaction, Banking Services.

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In multimedia systems, high-performance image scaling is essential to provide high-quality images on various devices. This paper introduces a new VLSI architecture for high-performance image scaling. The architecture utilizes optimized bilinear interpolation algorithms and hardware parallelism to improve throughput and minimize latency to provide fast and correct image scaling. Key aspects of the design are a pipelined architecture for ongoing data processing, bilinear interpolation methods to ensure image quality, and minimal power usage to maximize device battery life. The VLSI design compares favourably with previous methods in speed, resource usage, and power consumption. The architecture is ideal for inclusion within present-day multimedia systems and provides an extensible solution that addresses the needs of modern visual processing applications.

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Image Scaling, Bilinear interpolation.

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Lip prints are defined as normal wrinkles and grooves present in the zone of transition of human lip, between the inner labial mucosa and outer skin, examination of which is known as Cheiloscopy. Those patterns are identifiable as early as the sixth week of intrauterine life. This study explores the potential of using lip prints to estimate an individual's age through the Afchar Bayat classification system. Lip print samples were collected from individuals of varying ages 21 to 50 and analyzed using the Afchar Bayat classification system. The findings of this study contribute to the development of new methods and techniques for age estimation in forensic science and highlight the importance of lip print analysis in interdisciplinary research.

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Lip prints, wrinkles, grooves, labial mucosa, cheiloscopy, intrauterine life, Afchar Bayat classification, age estimation, forensic science.

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This article discusses the application of color psychology in advertising based on the psychological and cultural meaning of colors. After a case study and literature review process, actual case studies of domestic and international firms are reviewed to supply workable examples of concepts addressed. The study examines cross-cultural preference for colors and contextual factors affecting color perception so that businesses can develop strategies that speak across different audiences. Knowledge of the affective and cognitive reactions to color can offer significant insights into how colors can induce certain moods and trigger certain reactions from consumers. Multisensory effects of color, including how color combines with other sensory information such as sound and texture, add deep insights into the whole effect of colors on consumer experiences. Through an understanding of the psychological and cultural meanings of colors, companies can excel and use color options to better their advertising campaigns and encourage positive customer reactions. The outcomes of this research provide insights into the exact feelings and associations the various colors invoke in customers, and the ways these influence their attitudes, preferences, and buying habits.

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Color psychology, Advertisement, Consumer behaviour, Marketing, Case study

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Abstract: Postpartum stress is a common yet often under-addressed issue faced by new mothers, manifesting in physical, emotional, and psychological challenges after childbirth. These stressors can include fatigue, anxiety, mood swings, and depression, significantly impacting the health and well-being of the mother and her bond with the newborn. In modern medical settings, postpartum care predominantly focuses on physical recovery, but Ayurveda offers a more holistic approach, emphasizing the restoration of balance in the mind, body, and spirit. According to Ayurveda, this phase is marked by an imbalance in Vata dosha--the element of movement and change--which becomes aggravated due to the physical strain of childbirth. The disturbance of Vata can lead to emotional instability, anxiety, and overall fatigue. To manage postpartum stress through Ayurveda. Ayurveda texts were reviewed to manage the postpartum stress. Databases such as PubMed, Shodhganga, and Ayush Research Portal, were searched using keywords like Stress, Sutika Paricharya, Postpartum Ayurveda.Ayurvedic understanding of postpartum stress and highlights how its holistic approaches offer significant benefits in managing this challenging period.

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Sutika Paicharya, Ayurveda, postpartum stress.

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This research provides an extensive examination of the numerous outcomes produced by West Asian crisis events starting from the October 7, 2023, attacks and Israeli military actions against them, which affect the United States' global engagement in international relations. The paper also evaluates how the escalating West Asian crisis challenged the United States' dominant position as the global hegemony. The dissertation studies the complex political systems modified by current conflicts, which they evaluate with details about the recent events that test the United States' former global power leadership position. The research investigates changes in regional power structures, which show how China and Russia became faster-emerging alternative powers and how regional countries display increasing self-absorption through multi-alignment foreign policies (Acharya, 2016). The assessment explores how the US traditional regional leadership has changed through these developments. The dissertation evaluates how far the crisis has displayed constraints in U.S. power projection capabilities and diplomatic capabilities. The traditional U.S. alliances in the region as well as their present evolutionary stage were significantly impacted. This research evaluates how the conflicts influence the global status of the US dollar as well as its position as a leading reserve currency. The research evaluates the economic consequences of the crisis, which involves the analysis of energy market dynamics and trade routes as well as financial stability changes (Walt, 2018). This investigation will conduct an assessment of security ramifications that show developments within three domains: non-state actor proliferation and new regional instabilities that emerge as well as threats to global security frameworks. The research will evaluate whether West Asian events speed the transition from US unipolar leadership to a multipolar global system, examining how the West Asian crisis promotes regional powers to establish dominance over their homelands. Through thorough analysis, this research argues that the situation in West Asia functioned as a crucial trigger, exposing America's internal policy flaws, which weakened its international ethical stance and moral leadership position and advanced a worldwide power shift toward a distributed multiple power structure. A thorough analysis of US foreign operations, military tactics, and messaging efforts will establish how this crisis reduced US influence and changed global views about its world leadership role during modern times of global integration and volatility. The research investigates both the short-term and enduring effects that the crisis has on the international order structure.

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West Asia, USA, hegemony, global power, crisis

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The layout of emotional additives in UX brings a revolution in consumer experiences. When one makes use of layout however, interactions come to be trips really well worth taking; trips which have an effective effect on customers for extensive periods.Such a concept, however, transcends practicality and aesthetics, because it endeavours to create emotional attachments and relationships with customers. This paper examines layout problems in virtual engagement outlining its constant presence in lots of literature sources. Theoretical foundations encompass theories like computing, Kansei engineering and Donald Norman`s version of emotional layout to reveal the multidisciplinary nature of this field. It seems at such layout elements as pictures, colorations and interplay layout to peer how they have an impact on customers` emotional states. Comprehensive assessment methodological additives also are talked about withinside the paper as important as regard designing and enforcing assessment structures in those various situations. This study is in comparison to the preceding ones in that it undertakes the assignment of investigating emotional layout as a phenomenon - its impact on consumer satisfaction, loyalty and retention.

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Emotional Design, User Experience (UX), Affective Computing

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The fisheries industry acts as a primary economic engine which supports both Karnataka state's financial development and sustenance of coastal community inhabitants. The successful operation of this sector depends heavily on supply chain management practices which need to remain effective and sustainable. This research investigates the SCM practices used in Karnataka fisheries through detailed examination of procurement procedures in combination with cold chain logistics systems and storage solutions and distribution mechanisms and quality control protocols and market connection platforms. The investigative research examines traditional and modern technology integration methods as well as supply chain challenges during different supply chain stages. Government policies alongside cooperative societies and private entities receive specific analysis regarding their impact on improving the fisheries supply chain effectiveness. This research combines both primary data from fishermen and middlemen and exporters together with officials and secondary data from government reports and industry publications. Research indicates that infrastructure development along with digital traceability solutions made progress yet poor refrigeration equipment plus unstable market requirements and operational challenges remain unaddressed. The study concludes with propositions to enhance supply chain management practices together with improved stakeholder coordination and sustainable approaches for increasing Karnataka's fishery sector competitiveness throughout domestic and worldwide markets.

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Supply chain, SCM practices, Logistics Efficiency, Financial accessibility

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This study is about Premeditated murder, it is an intentional act to take the life of another person, committed by an individual or group, with prior planning. This crime is specifically regulated in Article 340 of the Criminal Code. The purpose of this discussion is to examine the main elements that constitute premeditated murder, determine whether these elements are present in a particular case, explore the motives behind the crime, and analyze the sanctions and legal responsibilities imposed under Article 340. This study uses a library research method to gather relevant legal insights. According to Article 340 of the Criminal Code, premeditated murder consists of several important elements, including deliberate intent, premeditation, and the act of taking the life of another person. The defining characteristic of premeditated murder is the time gap between forming the intention to kill and carrying out the act, which allows the perpetrator to prepare and ensure that the killing is carried out as intended. The legal consequences for this crime include the death penalty, life imprisonment, or fixed-term imprisonment of up to 20 years. Furthermore, anyone found guilty of premeditated murder will be fully responsible for his or her actions under the law.

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Premeditated Murder, Criminal law, Homicide Law

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a formidable global health threat, undermining the effectiveness of antibiotics and other antimicrobial agents. The alarming rise in AMR is attributed to the overuse and misuse of antibiotics, poor infection control practices, and inadequate surveillance. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of current trends and challenges in AMR, highlighting its epidemiology, mechanisms, and impact on human health. The review reveals that AMR is a complex problem, with significant regional variations in resistance patterns. The emergence of multidrug-resistant organisms, such as carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), poses a significant threat to public health. The review also highlights the need for enhanced surveillance, improved infection control practices, and antimicrobial stewardship to combat AMR. Furthermore, the review emphasizes the importance of addressing the social and economic determinants of AMR, including poverty, lack of access to healthcare, and inadequate sanitation. The development of new antimicrobial agents and alternative therapies is also critical to addressing the growing threat of AMR. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the current trends and challenges in AMR, highlighting the need for a multifaceted approach to address this growing global health threat.

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Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR), Global Health Threat, Antibiotic Overuse, Multidrug-Resistant Organisms, Infection Control, Antimicrobial Stewardship, Public Health, Global Health Security

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In today's competitive business environment, Human Resources (HR) has transformed from an administrative function into a strategic business partner that plays a crucial role in aligning workforce capabilities with organizational objectives. This paper explores how HR contributes to business strategy execution through workforce planning, talent management, leadership development, organizational culture, and performance management. By integrating HR practices with corporate goals, organizations can drive higher employee engagement, productivity, and long-term growth. The study highlights the importance of strategic HR planning, emphasizing how data-driven decision-making, leadership training, and adaptive workforce models enhance business performance. Additionally, it examines the challenges HR professionals face, including resistance to change, measuring HR impact, and balancing short-term and long-term business needs. Best practices such as HR analytics, executive involvement, and continuous learning initiatives are recommended to overcome these obstacles. Through an analysis of research and industry reports, the paper underscores the necessity for organizations to view HR as a critical driver of business success. Companies that integrate HR into strategic decision-making not only foster a high-performing workforce but also gain a competitive advantage in an evolving corporate landscape.

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Strategic Human Resources Management, Business Strategy, Talent Acquisition, Leadership Development, Workforce Planning, Employee Engagement, Performance Management

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The present study was conducted to assess the knowledge and attitude of mothers regarding breast feeding and its importance among their infants in selected rural areas of Ludhiana, Punjab. The research project was undertaken by Ms. Harsimran Kaur in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Science in Nursing under Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot in 2024. A newborn babies needs are pretty clear; to be clean, to be comfortable and to be fed. Breast milk plays vital role for the health and growth of the newborn. Babies who were exclusively breastfed for the first six months experience fewer infections than those who were either breastfed for a shorter period of time, or fed formula in addition to breast milk. Hence, researcher felt the importance to assess the knowledge and attitude of mothers regarding breastfeeding and its importance. Children are priceless resources and any nation which neglects them would lose its perils. Healthy children are the greatest resource and pride of nation. Investment in children is an investment in future of nation because today's children are adult of tomorrow. For the present study, qualitative research approach was adopted with pre- experimental study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge and attitude of mothers regarding breast feeding and its importance among their infants. The study was performed in selected rural areas of Ludhiana, Punjab. Data were collected using by self-structured socio-demographic assessment and self structured knowledge questionnaires. statistics. Modified Ludwig Von Bertalanffy was used in this study. Data were collected by interview methods. The data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. This study showed that pre-test and post-test mean knowledge score of mothers regarding breast feeding were 18.63 & 21.46 respectively whereas pre-test and post- test mean attitude scores were 77.60 & 84.75 respectively. The difference (3.678), (8.135) between pre-test and post-test knowledge and attitude score of experimental group were found highly significant at p<=0.05 & p<=0.01 level. There was significant difference between pretest and post-test knowledge of mothers regarding breast feeding and its importance among their infants at p<=0.05 and There was significant difference between pre- test and post- test attitude scores of mothers at p<=0.05 is accepted and null hypothesis is rejected. The study concluded STP was effective to improve the knowledge of mothers about breast feeding and its importance in selected rural areas in Ludhiana. STP also played important role to change their attitude. So all health professional including nurses; they should give continue nursing education to mothers about breast feeding and its importance in community areas.

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Mothers, knowledge, attitude, breast feeding, pamphlets

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The environmentally benign method includes microwave induced organic transportation which needs a little or no solvent. Uses of solvent like pyridine, hydrochloric acid, etc. are dangerous to the environment. Keeping this thing in mind, microwave irradiation has been chosen for heating purpose so as to carry out organic reactions and no any solvent. To activate the organic reactions, the household microwave oven has been used in place of traditional method of heating. The present work is based on household microwave heating and avoiding solvents. Under microwave irradiation, hydantoins have been synthesized by a general procedure which is very simple and fast. Syntheses have been achieved only in few minutes instead of 3-4hours.The unique feature of the work is the denial of use of solvent. The yield of the products under solvent free condition was satisfactory and effective also.

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Hydantoins, Microwave Irradiation, Solvent free condition, TLC, Open glass capillary, Elico melting point apparatus.

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Abstract: A Transdermal Drug Delivery System (TDDS) is a pharmaceutical formulation designed to deliver a specific dose of medication through the skin and into the bloodstream over a prolonged period of time. It involves applying a medicated patch or formulation to the skin surface, where the drug is absorbed through the skin layers and enters the bloodstream. This method offers advantages like avoiding the gastrointestinal tract, improving patient compliance, and providing controlled and sustained drug release. The Transdermal Drug Delivery System (TDDS) plays a significant role in modern drug administration due to its numerous advantages. One of the key benefits is improved patient compliance, as it offers a painless, non-invasive method of drug delivery that is simple and convenient to use. TDDS provides controlled and sustained release of medication, ensuring consistent drug levels in the bloodstream and reducing the frequency of dosing. To overcome the challenges, advanced drug carriers such as microspheres, microcapsule, liposomes, niosomes, nanogel and various nanoparticles have been developed. These carriers enhance drug penetration, protect active ingredients from degradation, and offer controlled and targeted drug release. TDDS play an vital role in the future of personalized medicine and advanced healthcare solutions. Therefore trans dermal drug delivery system is the fastest growing technology in the pharmaceutical industries. Index Terms - microspheres, microcapsule, liposomes, niosomes, nanogel

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Index Terms - microspheres, microcapsule, liposomes, niosomes, nanogel

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