Volume 13 | Issue 4

 Abstract

The automotive industry expansion at a quick pace established major economic development together with technological progress. The growing number of automobiles on the roads has resulted in intensified environmental problems alongside the increase of emissions from vehicles. Large-scale promotion of electric vehicles occurs as a sustainable option to replace traditional cars powered by fossil fuels. The public sees electric vehicles as environmentally beneficial but this research studies their significant negative effects on the environment. The analysis evaluates several major environmental issues involving EV production emissions as well as Earth Element extraction requirements and factory operation energy use and end-of-life battery management obstacles. The report also analyzes EV electricity dependence on existing standard power systems that operate with fossil fuels thus questioning EV technology's actual sustainability. This research examines critical production elements to present a well-rounded evaluation about EV environmental impact distribution within manufacturing's stages along with energy supplying systems.

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Bibliometric, Electric Vehicles, Environment, Sustainability, Emissions, and Analysis

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A study of Morals and Ethics among 9th standard Students at jangoan district

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Morals Ethics

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ATM banking is increasingly vulnerable to financial fraud, posing serious risks to users and institutions. Traditional detection systems often lack real-time capabilities, necessitating more advanced solutions. This project presents a security framework that combines Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Blockchain technology to effectively prevent ATM fraud. AI is used to analyze transactions and detect anomalies using multi-factor authentication, including illusion PINs, facial recognition, and a reverse OTP system. Meanwhile, Blockchain ensures secure, transparent, and immutable transaction records, preventing unauthorized alterations. The integration of deep learning enables accurate behavioral analysis, reducing false positives and enabling real-time fraud identification. Blockchain's decentralized ledger further enhances security and data integrity. Experimental results show that the AI-driven system significantly improves fraud detection accuracy, while blockchain guarantees robust protection of transaction data. This approach demonstrates the powerful synergy between AI and Blockchain, offering a scalable, efficient, and secure method for safeguarding ATM banking against fraud.

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Deep Learning for Transaction Monitoring; Secure ATM Systems; Decentralized Ledger Technology; Multi-Factor Authentication.

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Acne vulgaris is a common dermatological disorder affecting individuals across different age groups, often causing both physical and emotional distress. Homoeopathy, being a holistic system of medicine, emphasizes individualized treatment based on a patient's unique symptomatology and constitutional makeup. Objective: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the role of individualized homoeopathic medicine in the treatment of acne vulgaris. The secondary objective was to identify the most commonly indicated homoeopathic medicines in such cases. Methods: This case series study was conducted with 30 cases of acne vulgaris, selected through stratified random sampling from the OPD/IPD of a Dhanvantari Homoeopathic Medical College And Hospital & Research Centre, peripheral OPDs, schools, and health camps. Each case was assessed and treated with individualized homoeopathic medicines. The severity of acne was evaluated using Cook's scale before and after treatment. Results: Out of the 30 patients, 25 (83.33%) showed significant improvement in terms of reduction in the number of eruptions, severity of lesions, pain, itching, and inflammation. However, 5 (16.67%) did not show marked improvement. The most frequently indicated remedy was Natrum muriaticum (in 8 cases), followed by Sulphur, Pulsatilla, Sepia, Medorrhinum, Calcarea carbonica, Silicea, Ignatia, Phosphorus, Lycopodium, Tarentula, Carcinosin, Hepar sulph, and Mercurius solubilis. The mean Cook's scale score reduced from 3.866 to 0.333 post-treatment, with a statistically significant p-value of 1.782. Conclusion: Individualized homoeopathic treatment showed promising results in the management of acne vulgaris, indicating its potential as an effective therapeutic approach.

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Acne vulgaris, Homoeopathy, Individualized Medicines

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A democratic legal system must include access to justice, which is a fundamental human right.1 Through a number of clauses and court rulings, the Indian Constitution guarantees that everyone regardless of socioeconomic background has access to justice as a right rather than a privilege.2 However, obstacles including financial limitations, procedural complexity and judicial delays still make it difficult to deliver justice effectively.3 The constitutional framework, significant court rulings, and contemporary developments like e-Courts which have completely transformed the legal system--are all examined in this article.4 It also suggests changes to improve the system and contrasts India's access to justice framework with international best practices.

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Ensuring Justice for All Access to Justice under the Indian Constitution

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Amrit Kaal, a period of 25 years from India's 75th to 100th Independence Day, envisages a transformative journey for the country. This period requires a digital media landscape that is not only a disseminator of information but also a catalyst for positive change. This paper explores the important responsibilities of digital media in India's Amrit Kaal. Unique reach and impact of digital media Amrit Kaal is a period of 25 years marking the journey of India from 75th to 100th Independence Day. During this period, the media landscape not only evolves to disseminate information but also acts as a catalyst for positive change. This paper examines the critical responsibilities of digital media in shaping India's future during the Amrit Kaal. The unique reach and impact of digital media is crucial in navigating this journey. It highlights the multifaceted role of digital media platforms and their users in promoting social progress, promoting economic development, nation building and promoting an equitable society. In addition, it emphasizes how digital media can strengthen democracy while addressing challenges such as misinformation, hate speech, and online harm. These are important for shaping the trajectory. This paper explores the multifaceted duties of digital media platforms and users in India's Amrit Kaal, emphasizing the role of nation-building and egalitarian society in promoting social progress, promoting economic development, and having the potential to strengthen democracy in the face of challenges. Misinformation, hate speech and online harm.

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Digital Media, Amrit Kaal, Development, Economic, Responsibilities, Technology.

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Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection (SCAD) is an emerging cause of myocardial infarction predominantly affecting woman. The reviewed study by Neubeck et al. Systematically examines the physical and psychosocial recovery of SCAD survivors post-Hospitalization. This review evaluates studies objectives, methodology, findings and implications for clinical practice. The systematic review includes 28 studies with a total of 4167 participants highlighting the lack of tailored cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs for SCAD patients. Key findings indicate that the SCAD survivors face challenges in determining safe physical activity levels and experience significant psychosocial distress, necessitating specialized recovery programs. Despite its strength, the study has limitations including the absence of randomized control trials and potential selection bias. This review underscores the need for further research to develop targeted rehabilitation strategies for SCAD patients.

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Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection, SCAD, Cardiac Rehabilitation, Psychological Recovery, Systematic Review

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WOMEN EMPOWERMENT ,MICRO FINANCE

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MICRO FINANCE

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SQL injection (SQLi) attacks are a major security threat to web applications, where attackers manipulate input fields to inject malicious SQL statements. Traditional signature-based detection systems struggle to adapt to evolving attack vectors, leading to a high number of undetected threats. This project proposes an adaptive deep learning model to accurately detect and prevent SQL injection attacks. The system uses a combination of neural networks and dynamic learning algorithms that continuously evolve by analyzing new patterns in SQL queries, offering robust real-time protection. The model is trained on large datasets of legitimate and malicious SQL queries and uses feature extraction techniques to improve detection accuracy. The proposed system is evaluated against existing solutions and demonstrates significant improvements in detection rates, false positives, and adaptability to new attack types.

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s- Web Security, Attack Detection, XSS (Cross-Site Scripting), SQL Injection (SQLI), NoSQL Injection, HTTP Request Inspection, CNN (Convolutional Neural Network), Log Analysis, Threat Monitoring, Security Alerts, Email Notifications, Flask Web Framework, API Security, Data Validation, Reverse Proxy, Web Application Firewall (WAF), JSON Payload Filtering, Header Inspection, Malicious Traffic Detection, Logging Mechanism, Dashboard Monitoring.

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Objectives: -To assess the role of Individualized Homoeopathic medicine versus Magnesium Phosphoricum 30x in Primary Dysmenorrhoea: A Comparative study. Study Design: A Comparative Study. Study Setting: The cases for the study were being selected from Institutional OPD & Peripheral OPD. Cases from school & health camps. Sample Size: 30 cases Sampling Technique: Total 30 samples with complaints of Primary dysmenorrhoea selected by Simple Random Sampling Technique. Participants: Girls of age of 15-35 years meeting the diagnostic pain rating scale for primary Dysmenorrhoea. Intervention: A total of 30 patients 15-Magnesium Phosphoricum 30x, 15- Individualized Homoeopathic medicine. Result: -Overall, out of 30 patients, 24 showed significant improved in their primary Dysmenorrhoea complaints, in which 15 cases we prescribed biochemic remedy Mag Phos 30 x out of which 11cases (73%) were improved & 4 cases (27%) were not improved. And in another 15 cases we prescribed Individualized Homeopathic Medicine out of which 13cases (87%) were improved & 2cases (13%) were not improved Conclusion: -Both individualized homeopathic medicine and biochemic medicine (Mag Phos) have their merits in managing primary Dysmenorrhoea. This comparative study shows that Individualized Homeopathic treatment has more potential role in complaints of primary Dysmenorrhoea than biochemic medicine Mag Phos 30x.

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Primary Dysmenorrhoea, Homoeopathy Individualized remedies, Biochemic Medicine (Mag Phos 30x), Homoeopathic Treatment, Comparative Case Study.

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Varicose veins are a prevalent occupational health issue among nurses due to prolonged standing .This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured teaching program on knowledge regarding varicose veins among staff nurses working in specialized hospital areas. A pre-experimental one group pre-test and post-test design was used among 50 nurses in a selected hospital. Knowledge was assessed using a self-structured questionnaire before and after a video-assisted teaching intervention. The findings revealed a significant improvement in knowledge levels post-intervention. Statistical analysis showed significant differences in knowledge scores (t = 29.25, p < 0.05) and associations with variables like age and education.

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Varicose veins, structured teaching, video-assisted education, staff nurses, prevention, occupational health

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This research article delves into the diasporic themes that permeate the literary works of Jhumpa Lahiri and Bharati Mukherjee. Both authors, rooted in Indian heritage yet shaped by Western landscapes, explore the nuanced experiences of migration, cultural dislocation, identity crisis, and the tension between assimilation and preservation of cultural roots. Through an analytical lens, this study highlights how their narratives encapsulate the emotional and psychological dimensions of the diasporic experience. The phenomenon of diaspora entails more than just the act of moving from one geographical location to another; it involves a profound shift in cultural identity, belonging, and self-perception. Jhumpa Lahiri and Bharati Mukherjee, as Indian-American writers, capture the intricate web of emotions, challenges, and transformations that immigrants undergo in a foreign land. Lahiri's works often depict characters who are torn between two worlds--the inherited traditions of their Indian ancestry and the modern realities of life in the United States. Her protagonists frequently experience a quiet inner turmoil, marked by a longing for home, difficulty in assimilation, and a fragmented sense of self. Through works like The Namesake and Interpreter of Maladies, Lahiri articulates the subtle ways in which cultural displacement affects interpersonal relationships and self-identity. Novels like Jasmine, Wife, and The Tiger's Daughter showcase individuals who actively challenge traditional roles and expectations, evolving in response to their new environments.

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: Diaspora, identity, migration, assimilation, cultural conflict, Jhumpa Lahiri, Bharati Mukherjee, Indian-American literature.

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Artificial intelligence (AI)-driven chatbots and virtual assistants working together have changed consumer interactions in the banking industry, hence improving efficiency, personalisation, and general customer experience. This paper looks at how AI chatbots could help banking consumers in Hyderabad to have a better experience. The study exercise Structural Equation Modeling to examine the effect of AI-driven customer assistance on important aspects of customer happiness, service quality, and engagement using a sample of 120 respondents chosen via convenience sampling. By means of real-time help, tailored recommendations, and smooth transaction assistance, the results imply that AI chatbots greatly improve the customer experience. The findings provide insightful analysis for banks trying to maximize AI chatbot features in order to increase client involvement and loyalty.

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AI chatbots, customer experience, banking sector, Structural Equation Modeling, Hyderabad

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???????? ???????? ??????? ???????????? ???? ???????????? ????????????????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????????????, ???? ??? ????????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????????? ????????? ??????????????? ??????????. ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????. ?????????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ???????????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???? ??????????? ????????? ??????? ?????????? ???????????? ?????? ????? ????????. ??????? ??????? ???????????? ?????????????? ?????????????? ??? ?????????????? ???????????? ????????????? ??? ???? ???????. ???????? ????????? ????? ????????? ????????????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????????. ???? ????????? ???????????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ????????? ???? ????????? ????? ?????????. ?????? ????????????? ??????????? ?????????. ??? ????????????? ????? ???????????? ??????????? ??????????? ?????????????.

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?????, ????????, ????????, ??????, ??????

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In the fast-paced digital era, dynamic websites have become a crucial aspect of IT firms, enhancing user engagement, improving functionality, and streamlining business operations. Unlike static websites, dynamic websites are database-driven, allowing for real-time content updates, personalized user experiences, and seamless integration with various applications. This paper explores the significance of dynamic website development in IT firms, discussing the key technologies, frameworks, and best practices employed in modern web development. It delves into server-side scripting languages such as PHP, Python, and Node.js, along with front-end technologies like React, Angular, and Vue.js, which contribute to creating interactive and responsive web applications. Additionally, the paper highlights the importance of content management systems (CMS), database management, security protocols, and cloud-based hosting solutions in ensuring scalability and reliability. Case studies and real-world implementations are examined to demonstrate how IT firms leverage dynamic website development to optimize business processes, enhance customer satisfaction, and gain a competitive edge in the industry. The study also addresses emerging trends, including artificial intelligence (AI)-powered web development, Progressive Web Apps (PWAs), and the role of DevOps in continuous website improvement. This research aims to provide insights into the evolving landscape of dynamic website creation and its transformative impact on IT firms.

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Dynamic Websites, IT Firms, Web Development, Front-end Technologies, Back-end Technologies, CMS, Database Management, Web Security, Cloud Hosting, AI in Web Development, DevOps, User Experience (UX), Progressive Web Apps (PWA).

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Sahasrayoga is a textbook where in the diseases and its treatments have been explained in a very systematic manner. Elakanadi kashayam is a formulation mentioned in sahasrayoga for mainly in respiratory conditions like chronic cough, asthma It contains ingredients like ela,pippali, vasa which is very effective in Pediatric respiratory diseases.

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Sahasrayoga Respiratory conditions Children Ayurveda Chronic cough Asthma Ela (Cardamom) Pippali (Long Pepper) Vasa (Malabar Nut) Kapha Expectoran

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The ideal this work is to formulate and estimate a polyherbal face pack for ornamental purpose from herbal constituents. Multani Miti, Manjistha, Haridra, Rakta Chandan and Lodha were carried from the original request and were dried, pulverized, also passed through sieve no 100, mixed geometrically and estimated for its organoleptic and Physico- chemical, general greasepaint, atomic characters and chemical evaluation. The dried greasepaint of combined form had passable inflow property which is suitable for a face pack. flyspeck size of the greasepaint was set up to be 20-25 ?m. The atomic characters of dried greasepaint of combined form were noted Herbal face packs or masks are used to stimulate blood rotation, rejuvenates the muscles and help to maintain the pliantness of the skin and remove dirt from skin pores. The advantage of herbal cosmetics is their nontoxic nature, reduce the antipathetic responses and time- tested utility of numerous constituents. therefore, in the present work, we set up good parcels for the face packs and farther optimization studies are needed on this study to find the useful benefits of face packs on mortal use as ornamental product. Everybody wants to get a fair and fascinating skin. Now a day, acne, black heads, pustules are common among persons who suffer from it. According to Ayurveda, skin problems are typically due to contamination in blood. Herbal face packs are used to pretend blood rotation, rejuvenate the muscles and help to maintain the pliantness of the skin and remove dirt from skin pores. The advantage of herbal cosmetics is their nontoxic nature, reduce the antipathetic responses and time- tested utility of numerous constituents.

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Face Pack, Herbal face pack, Cosmetic Formulation, Skin care, Herbal Extract, Ayurvedic Cosmetic.

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Post Office Savings Schemes (POSS) are reliable financial tools known for providing secure and risk-free returns. This research explores investor perception and satisfaction regarding POSS in Coimbatore city, focusing on factors such as security, reliability, digital convenience, service efficiency, and user-friendly account management. The study highlights the preferences and satisfaction levels of local investors, especially among the younger and salaried population. It also points out key areas needing improvement--such as digital infrastructure, customer service, and promotional efforts--to strengthen investor engagement and overall satisfaction.

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Post Office Savings Schemes, Investor Perception, Investor Satisfaction, Coimbatore City.

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This research paper is on the social and cultural determinants of Indian retail investors' perception of risk in the derivatives market. Although derivatives promise high returns in the form of futures and options, the nature of volatility and complexity of these themselves makes them risky, usually translated by the subjective socio-cultural frame of reference. This research centers around the observation that risk perception is more than mere objective quantitative measures of financial returns or volatility in the market but is highly dependent on cultural values and norms, social convention, family, education, income, and gender. The evidence shows that investment choices are based on family consensus and collective action in collectivist cultures, whereas individualist forces create independent risk-taking. Social learning and herding, especially driven by peer groups and internet forums, are the main driving forces behind risk attitudes. Furthermore, behavioral biases such as overconfidence, loss aversion, anchoring, and informational cascades always come in the way of rational decision-making on a regular basis. Gender social dynamics also proved to be a strong influence, with women demonstrating risk-averse tendencies in comparison to men because of social norms and restricted access to financial resources. The study also reveals regional differences in investment patterns in India depending on economic growth, local financial infrastructure, and cultural beliefs. Media influence, technology access, and regulatory regimes also shape investor attitudes. The study, overall, emphasizes the importance of culturally sensitive financial literacy programs, inclusive policy interventions, and enhanced investor education to facilitate balanced and well-informed derivative market participation. The findings have practical implications for regulators, financial planners, and institutions aiming to establish trust, transparency, and stability in India's expanding financial landscape.

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Risk Perception, Derivatives Market, Retail Investors, Cultural Factors, Financial literacy, Gender Dynamics, Investment Behavior

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Forensic science often depends on manual suspect sketches, a method limited by artist availability, bias, and delays. This project introduces a standalone platform that enables law enforcement and eyewitnesses to build composite sketches using drag-and-drop tools. It features a modular facial component library and standardized templates for accurate reconstruction. Deep learning models then match these sketches against criminal databases with high speed and precision. Cloud deployment ensures scalable access, while machine-locking and two-step verification maintain strong data security.

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Facial recognition, forensic sketch, deep learning, cloud infrastructure, criminal identification, machine locking, two-step verification, composite face construction.

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