Volume 13 | Issue 4

 Abstract

Gastric cancer remains one of the most aggressive malignancies globally, with limited therapeutic outcomes due to late-stage diagnosis and drug resistance. Curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound derived from Curcuma longa, has demonstrated potent anticancer activity through modulation of multiple cellular pathways. However, its clinical utility is severely hindered by poor solubility, low bioavailability, and rapid systemic elimination. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) offer a promising nanocarrier system to overcome these limitations, owing to their tunable pore structure, high surface area, and biocompatibility. This study investigates the interaction of curcumin and MSN-loaded curcumin (Cur-MSNs) with key gastric cancer molecular targets--HER2, MMP9, and VEGFR2--using a comprehensive computational pipeline. Molecular docking was performed using AutoDock to evaluate binding affinity and interaction profiles, followed by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations via GROMACS to assess the stability of protein-ligand complexes. The results revealed that Cur-MSNs exhibited enhanced binding affinity and more favorable interaction energy compared to free curcumin. MD simulation confirmed increased complex stability, reflected in reduced RMSD and RMSF values and more consistent hydrogen bonding. MM-PBSA analysis further indicated that Cur-MSNs had stronger binding free energy across all targets. ADMET predictions also suggested improved pharmacokinetic profiles for the MSN-based formulation. These findings underscore the potential of Cur-MSNs as an efficient therapeutic strategy for targeted gastric cancer therapy. Future work will focus on in vitro and in vivo validation, as well as exploring AI-integrated computational models for broader oncological applications.

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Curcumin, Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles (MSNs), Gastric Cancer, Drug-Target Interaction, Molecular Docking, ADMET, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, In Silico Nanomedicine.

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ABSTARCT India is the major economy that is growing the fastest, but it is divided between a thriving technology industry and a faltering older economy that does not generate the enough jobs to prevent the brain drain from India. Thus under Modi 1.0 between 2014 and 2019, the primary objective was to accelerate India's GDP growth, increase employment, eradicate poverty, and create wealth. By achieving these goals, Modi envisioned to drive India's global influence. The crown jewel of Modi's first term was the illustrious 'Make in India 'program formulated to renovate India into a global project and manufacturing core through investment in infrastructure and investment promotion. Under Modi 2.0 from 2019-2024, the manufacturing sector was once again established as the centre of BJP's election manifesto through the 'Self-Reliant India' initiative. It targets to cut down import dependencies in addition to gain a global market share in exports by increasing domestic manufacturing of essential goods. The article will also deal with the various countries that trade with India through different connectivity like IMEC AND INSTC, Therefore, this article will highlight on the various different timeline over the years to highlight and analyse the transformation.

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India, Self-Reliant India initiative, IMEC, INSTC,

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Microfinance emerges as a pivotal tool for promoting financial inclusion, offering financial services like credit access, savings, and insurance to marginalized communities. This research assesses the impact of microfinance on the financial inclusion and economic empowerment of Koraga women in the Dakshina Kannada district. The scope of the study is confined to Koraga women residing in Dakshina Kannada district. The sample size is 100 female respondents, selected using a simple random selection method. Primary data were collected through a well-structured, closed-ended questionnaire. The one-sample t-test was used to analyze the data and determine the significant impact of microfinance services on financial inclusion and economic empowerment. The findings proved that microfinance encourages Koraga women to save money, to access financial services, and to provide self-employment opportunities.

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Microfinance, Financial Inclusion, Koraga Women, Financial Services

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Early detection of diseases in rice plants is essential for improving crop yield and food security. Traditional methods of disease detection rely on manual observation, which is time-consuming and prone to errors. This research proposes a deep learning-based model for rice leaf disease detection using convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The model classifies leaf images into different disease categories, aiding farmers in taking preventive measures at an early stage. The experimental results demonstrate high accuracy in disease identification, validating the effectiveness of the proposed approach

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Rice leaf disease, Deep Learning, CNN, Image Classification, Agriculture Technology

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This project explores the use of Zigbee technology to enhance Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication, focusing on improving road safety and preventing accidents. The system facilitates the exchange of critical data between vehicles, including speed, distance, and GPS coordinates. When a vehicle detects a reduction in the safe following distance, it automatically alerts the driver of the trailing vehicle, aiding in collision avoidance. The system also incorporates accident detection capabilities, providing real-time notifications to nearby vehicles about potential hazards. Zigbee's low power consumption and reliable short-range communication make it a suitable solution for V2V networks. By integrating GPS and sensors, the system enables precise location tracking, timely warnings, and accident alerts, contributing to safer and more efficient traffic management

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V2V Communication, Zigbee, Road Safety, Accident Prevention, Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS)

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eq[; fcanq% ckLdsVckWy] okWyhckWy] vUrjegkfo|ky; f[kykM+h] lek;kstuA

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This study compares the financial performance of Hero MotoCorp, Bajaj Auto, and TVS Motors in terms of liquidity, profitability, efficiency, and solvency. Hero MotoCorp excels in liquidity and profitability, maintaining strong financial stability. Bajaj Auto shows remarkable efficiency in asset utilization and capital turnover but demonstrates increasing reliance on debt. TVS Motors struggles with liquidity and debt dependency, yet displays gradual improvement in profitability and operational efficiency. The analysis provides valuable insights for investors, highlighting Hero MotoCorp as stable, Bajaj Auto as growth, focused with debt risks, and TVS Motors requiring strategic improvements for sustainable growth within the period of five years (2019-2024)

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Liquidity, Efficiency, Solvency, Profitability, Valuation, Two-wheeler industry, Financial analysis tools, Market dynamics

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Forensic anthropology is a developing field that focuses on examining the remains found. In this review, the present state and development of technologies are explained, and the overall duties of the forensic anthropologist, such as identification of remains, determining biological character, and finding and defining the cause of death, are described. Different investigative strategies used for the assessment of injuries in forensic anthropology are reviewed and elaborated. Many investigative strategies, technologies, and methods such as X-ray, CT scans, Radiological images, and MSCT are studied in this review. Along with different ways of investigations like microscopic analysis, macroscopic analysis, metric analysis, biochemical analysis, documentation, also the collaboration and adherence to ethical guidelines was observed. All the information is of significant use in proper research and development. This study highlights the advancement of technologies and further improvement in methodologies and instruments used in analysis for giving the accurate, reliable, and efficiency in the anthropological examination. Recommendations include support of research, strong collaboration, use of new technologies, maintaining ethics, and getting a good education. This will further help in the field of forensic anthropology to ensure accuracy and effectiveness in prosecutions and criminal investigations.

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Forensic anthropology, skeletal analysis, trauma analysis, macroscopic analysis, metric analysis, radiology, histology, advanced imaging techniques, forensic investigation, identification of human remains, technological advancement.

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This study investigates the mechanical performance of fiber-sandwiched composite materials (FSCM) designed to enhance tensile, bending, and impact properties. Composites were fabricated using synthetic (carbon, aramid) and natural (jute, banana) fibers, sandwiched with teakwood cores, via the hand lay-up method. Mechanical tests, adhering to ASTM standards, were conducted to evaluate tensile (ASTM D3039), bending (ASTM D7264), and impact (ASTM D256) properties. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) using ANSYS was employed to validate experimental results. The carbon fiber-teakwood composite (C-C-W-C-C) exhibited superior tensile strength (185 MPa), while the aramid fiber-teakwood composite (A-A-W-A-A) demonstrated optimal bending strength (5.18 MPa). However, FSCM showed limited suitability for impact loading. The study establishes FSCM as viable for improving mechanical properties, with potential applications in aerospace and automotive industries.

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Fiber-sandwiched composites, Mechanical properties, Tensile strength, Bending strength, Impact energy, Finite Element Analysis

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It's generally challenging to speak with somebody who has a consultation disability. People with hearing and discourse disabilities can now impart their sentiments and feelings to the remainder of the world through gesture-based communication, which has permanently turned into a definitive cure. It works with and improves on the combination interaction among them and others. Nonetheless, essentially it is deficient to create gesture-based communication. This gift accompanies a ton of surprises. For somebody who has never learned it or knows it in an alternate language, the sign developments are oftentimes stirred up and befuddled. Notwithstanding, with the development of various ways to deal with computerizing the ID of sign movements, this correspondence hole that has persevered for quite a long time can now be connected. We give a Sign Language acknowledgment framework in view of American Sign Language in this paper. The clients ought to have the option to take photos of hand signals involving a web camera in this review, and the framework should expect and show the name of the gained picture. To recognize the hand motion, we utilize the HSV variety strategy and set the background to dark. The photographs are handled utilizing an assortment of PC vision procedures, including grayscale transformation, dilatation, and veiling. What's more, the district of interest is sectioned, for this situation the hand motion. The parallel pixels of the pictures are the highlights extricated. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is utilized to prepare and arrange the pictures. We have a decent degree of exactness in perceiving ten American Sign motion letter sets. Our model has an incredible precision pace of over 90

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PHP, Machine Learning, Deep learning, web

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This research entitled 'Voices of Resistance: Exploring Caste and Gender in Selected Dalit Narratives' studies the lived experiences of Dalit women as narrated in three resounding accounts: Urmila Pawar's The Wave of My Life: A Dalit Woman's Memoirs, Sujatha Gidla's Ants Among Elephants: An Untouchable Family and the Making of Modern India, and P. Sivakami's The Grip of Change. These narratives are deeply personal yet heavily politicized insights into the dual axes of caste and gender oppression in Indian society. Thus, the autobiographical-fictional each text surveys the double marginalization faced by Dalit women, who remain unknown in an even patriarchal structure of their community. Pawar's memoir takes a reflective view on some daily resistances of a Dalit woman in the urban and rural spaces of Maharashtra, tracing her journey through education, activism, and feminism. In contrast, Gidla narrates the generational struggles of a Christian Dalit family in Andhra Pradesh, indicating that caste goes on to persist beyond religious conversion and modernity. The third work by Sivakami interrogates the internal contradictions of Dalit politics with regard to gendered hierarchies, questioning the very patriarchies embedded in some of the most radical movements aimed at caste emancipation. This study uses an intersectional framework drawing on the theoretical contributions of Gopal Guru, Sharmila Rege, and Bama in understanding the multiple layers of oppression and particular forms of agency shown by Dalit women. These texts by Dalit women contradict both the savarna-feminist discourse and the male-centred Dalit narrative to foreground the voices of those who have been silenced for too long on caste and gender. This paper argues that these works articulate not just a narrative of oppression, but the very opposition to the dominant male discourse in forging an epistemology that resurrects dignity, selfhood, and collective memory through the act of narration. The juxtaposition of personal testimonies with sociopolitical commentary underscores the immediacy of rethinking identity, resistance, and liberation from the perspective of Dalit womanhood. In so doing, they create an extended horizon for Indian literature and social thought, forcing readers to consider the disquieting truths of caste, gender, and systemic exploitation. In the end, this paper also historicizes these texts as acts of defiance that reclaim narrative space in a country still wresting the phantom of caste injustice

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Keywords: Dalit feminism, caste and gender, intersectionality, resistance, identity, Urmila Pawar, Sujatha Gidla, P. Sivakami, narrative defiance, Indian literature.

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Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome(PCOS), is a widespread endocrine disorder affecting women during their reproductive years. It is marked by complex hormonal imbalances, irregular ovulation, and the presence of ovarian cysts, often accompanied by metabolic and emotional disturbances. Conventional treatments primarily aim to manage symptoms through hormonal interventions, which may not always address the root cause or suit long-term management. In contrast, homeopathy provides a patient-specific and holistic framework for treatment. This article examines the role of homeopathy in PCOS management, with a special focus on the application of rarely utilized remedies. Based on clinical experiences and individualized case observations, the study underscores the potential of these lesser-known medicines in addressing both the physiological and psychosomatic aspects of the condition.

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PCOS, rare medicines, homeopathic remedies, homeopathy , hormonal imbalance, menstrual irregularity.

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Health and Working life are closely associated with each other. Health has an important aspect as health modernity which is basically defined as the 'correct and scientific knowledge of and attitudes to health matters'. Previous studies have focused on health modernity and health status of different groups among population. The aim of this paper is to explore the extent of health modernity among working women. For this study, qualitative methods are chosen to investigate women's experiences. We carried out in-depth interviews with 25 working women to collect the data. Through the thematic analysis, we have analyzed the data. The women have shared their knowledge about health matters in the field of health modernity and understood myths and misconceptions regarding health matters. Five main themes are identified: (1) awareness of physical health; (2) Knowledge regarding reproductive health; (3) correct knowledge of nutrition level; (4) attitude towards family planning; and (5) knowledge of child care. We have found that most of the working women have correct and scientific knowledge only of the nutrition level and the family planning dimension of health modernity. Thus, this study shows that the economic independence of women has less influence on their health modernity, i.e., on correct and scientific knowledge of health matters. Therefore, there is a need to provide correct and scientific knowledge in the field of health along with economic independence.

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Health, Health Modernity, Working Women, Scientific Knowledge

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The position of women and the rights that they have under Muslim personal laws are still a hotly debated issue in modern legal and social matters. Divorce through "triple talaq", women's inheritance rights, and maintenance for Muslim women have become contentious matter of debate in public and judicial domain. This seems so because despite the constitutional provision that every Indian citizen is equal under the law and there is no discrimination on the basis of gender or religion, specific traditional practices that are cultures hold sway. Most of the Muslim countries today rely on the Islamic laws of the Islamic sharia that emanates from the Quran and Hadith with an aim of providing personal laws, however, a major chunk of "Muslim personal law in India" is unaltered. This has led to legal regulation that has been admired and condemned at the same time. Feminists claim that when religious fundamentalists do understand the provisions of shariah law they give women many rights; for example, the right to choose a partner and own properties. But the critics argue that some of the practices going around are in violation of the principles of justice, equality and non-discrimination as envisaged in the constitution. More particularly, this paper seeks to analyse the current discourse and legal status of "Muslim personal laws in India" and present logical suggestions for favorable change in the legal and social "conditions of Muslim women". Thus, the struggle for justice and emancipation of Muslim women involves the need to have a proper understanding of the Quranic verses with a view of interpreting them constitutionally in the modern understanding of human rights.

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Women Rights, Muslim Personal Law, "triple talaq", Indian Constitution.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Stability testing of herbal products is an essential part of product safety, efficacy, and quality assurance during its shelf life. In contrast to traditional pharmaceuticals, herbal products are complex blends of several active and inactive ingredients, whose composition can be quite variable due to variations in plant sources, harvesting practices, and processing methods

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HPLC, TLC, and GC-MS

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The Med Rescue is an online ambulance booking portal designed to provide timely and efficient emergency medical services. The system enables users to book ambulances online, track their location in real-time, and receive prompt medical attention. By streamlining the ambulance booking process, Med Rescue aims to reduce response times, improve patient outcomes, and enhance the overall emergency medical services experience.

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Emergency Medical Services, Real-time Booking, GPS Tracking, Emergency Response System, Hospital Integration

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The increased in the population has been one of the challenging courses of agriculture for many countries including India. As the population of the country increased, the pressure on agriculture fields too increased as india became the most populated country in the world. At the same time, Due to excess uses of chemical fertilizers the soil fertility has decrease and now the agricultural soil has been limited for the few crops only. To conquer the challenge there is a need of Natural Biofertilizers in large amount to secure soil natural elements for the crop growth and development. So, in agriculture field it's very important to make it sustainable for every element of nature. Biofertilizers is one of those practices in the agricultural field to make evolutionary changed as it is the need to achieve the sustainable goals. The current researched is focused on use of Blue Green Algae commonly known as Cyanobacteria as a biofertilizers for the sustainable development of agriculture. The study carried out in the agriculture field along with the farmers, Blue Green Algae particularly Nostoc has been used for the chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) crop and its development as it has nitrogen fixing ability. BGA has a really good effects in the combination of Farm yard manure and Vermicompost so these two biofertilizers have used as a carrier inoculant for the betterment of the crop. These biofertilizers has shown positive results for the yield properties of chilli crop. They enhance the growth of chilli fruits as well as these biofertilizers increased the natural available nitrogen content of the soil by 60kg/ha, which will be very important to secure the soil for the years to come for the sustainable development of the society through agricultural field.

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BGA, Cyanobacteria, Nostoc, Chilli, Sustainable Development, Biofertilizers.

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Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), considered the backbone of India's economy, play a vital role in promoting innovation, maintaining balanced regional development and generating employment opportunities. They provide over 30% of the nation's GDP and nearly 48% of its total exports, making them essential to promoting economic expansion and guaranteeing inclusive development. MSMEs, which are widely distributed throughout both urban and rural areas, promote business opportunities that serve to improve neglected groups and lessen regional inequities. MSMEs in India confront many operational and structural obstacles in spite of their vital significance. These include restricted market penetration, particularly in international trade, obsolete technology, infrastructural deficiencies, compliance difficulties, and insufficient access to formal credit. These problems were made worse by the COVID-19 epidemic, which seriously disrupted financial flows and operations for several companies in this industry. An in-depth examination of MSMEs' contributions to India's economic growth and the various difficulties they face is provided in this article. The MSME Amendment Act and Budget 2025 provisions are among the government activities and policy interventions that are reviewed in order to develop this sector. Additionally, it offers tactical suggestions to promote innovation, enhance finance availability, and simplify regulatory procedures. The MSME ecosystem must be strengthened in order to achieve competitiveness, sustained economic growth, and the goal of an independent India.

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Keywords: Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, sector, role, challenges, and present state.

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Jotirao Phule is best known for his reformative efforts towards women and Shudras. However, despite the significant gains made by the downtrodden sections of society, the struggle persists. As per the Government data, women, and Dalits are still lagging on several crucial parameters such as literacy rate, labor force participation rate, political representation, and crime rate against them. Through an analysis of these parameters, this paper aims to analyze the still-precarious situation of women and Shudras. Finally, the paper proposes a few reformative measures that could bring about positive change in the lives of these sections.

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Jotirao Phule, women, Dalits, reforms, disparity

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In Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs), Road-Side Units frequently face significant congestion during peak traffic hours due to high vehicle density, which can impact communication quality. Integrating Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) enhances network communication by establishing Line-of-Sight connectivity, ideal for high-density urban environments where direct vehicle-to-vehicle communication is often obstructed. A coordinated resource allocation scheme, based on Line-of-Sight in UAV-assisted Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks, improves connection reliability, minimizes interference, and maximizes channel efficiency. By prioritizing Line-of-Sight channels, this approach alleviates Road-Side Unit congestion by redistributing load to UAVs. The results are shown with reduced latency, increased throughput, and enhanced network performance in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS).

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VANETs, RSUs, UAVs, LoS connectivity, resource allocation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition