Volume 13 | Issue 4

 Abstract

The study evaluates how Xianxia television shows, which come from Chinese fantasy TV inspired by Daoist/Buddhist mythology, support China's cultural outreach operations and strengthen national soft power capabilities. This research uses major production analyses (2015-2023) together with audience reception studies to examine three core elements: first, how Xianxia combines traditional Chinese elements with modern fantasy storytelling and second, its importance as a non-Western alternative in worldwide fantasy markets which leads to changed viewing behaviour and third, the structural barriers blocking international expansion. The research proves Xianxia dramas elevated China's cultural presence throughout Asian territories, where the industry achieved both improved soft power metrics along with robust expansion of viewership numbers. Chinese myths and historical aesthetic approaches, together with philosophical elements, create a unique formula that captivates viewers from the Chinese-speaking or Sinophone cultural areas. Western audiences face ongoing difficulties when receiving Chinese content because of cultural integration problems together with governmental media requirements alongside dominant franchise competitors. The research shows that worldwide fan groups facilitate cultural adaptation by both subtitling original content and creating digital media content. The research improves existing academic debates about cultural globalization and diversification of media markets and shifts in transnational cultural exchange patterns. The conclusion presents strategic advice to industry producers and cultural leadership groups who need to handle the difficulties of global media transfer networks.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Xianxia dramas, Chinese soft power, Cultural diplomacy, Fantasy television, Cultural adaptation, Transnational media, Audience reception, Media globalization, Sinophone audiences, Content localization

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The rise in the overall crime rate is quite alarming, with numerous First Information Reports (FIRs) being filed each day. In this scenario, it falls to the accused to prove their innocence by presenting evidence that backs their claims. Witness statements play a vital role in legal processes, while modern scientific techniques improve the gathering of essential information regarding the crimes committed. The introduction of DNA evidence has profoundly influenced forensic science and criminal investigations. This type of evidence may include samples such as blood, saliva, skin cells, semen, and hair. .A DNA report can have an important impact on a person's conviction by proving innocence and offering a strong defense for the accused. When evidence is insufficient, a person risks being unfairly convicted. DNA evidence plays an important role in correcting such unjust convictions because it is a valuable resource for establishing innocence and identifying the genuine offenders. While there are specific challenges and limitations associated with DNA evidence, its benefits are evident, solidifying its role as an essential instrument in the pursuit of justice.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

DNA, Evidence, Forensic Science.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract: The textile business uses a lot of synthetic dyes, which are known to leach dangerous chemicals into water bodies and to be one of the main contributors to environmental contamination. The current study looks at environmentally friendly alternatives to synthetic colours, with a focus on natural and bio-based substances. The study examines various natural dye sources, including microorganisms, plant-based dyes, and bioengineered pigments, emphasising the benefits these sources have for the environment, including reduced toxicity, lower water use, and biodegradability. The challenges of producing more environmentally friendly hues and their potential financial impact on the textile industry are also covered in the study. Through an examination of case studies and state-of-the-art technologies, the study demonstrates how switching to sustainable dyeing techniques can drastically lower the ecological impact of the textile industry while preserving the quality and vibrancy of coloured garments; at the end, the study provides recommendations for incorporating environmentally friendly dying techniques into the mainstream of textile manufacture to promote sustainability and environmental stewardship.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Eco-friendly dyes, Natural dye substitutes, Sustainable textile industry, Biodegradable pigments, Environmental impact

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The presence of elevated iron concentrations in groundwater poses significant environmental and public health challenges, especially in regions dependent on this resource for drinking and agricultural use. Conventional methods for iron removal often involve expensive, energy-intensive processes and chemical treatments that can have adverse ecological impacts. This study explores the potential of biosorbents--natural, biodegradable materials derived from biological sources--as an eco-friendly and cost-effective alternative for the removal of iron from groundwater. Biosorbents such as agricultural by-products, algae, and microbial biomass have been shown to exhibit high metal-binding capacities due to their functional groups, which facilitate the adsorption of iron ions. The research focuses on evaluating the efficiency of mango as a biosorbent in iron removal and the effect on its efficiency when the biosorbents are taken in different proportions. By harnessing biosorption mechanisms, this approach offers a sustainable solution that reduces environmental footprints, lowers operational costs, and promotes the use of renewable resources in water treatment technologies.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Mango leaves, Synthetic Iron solution, FTIR, Adsorption isotherm, Adsorption kinetics

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The development of a virtual event platform utilizing the MERN stack with integration of augmented reality (AR) to enhance user engagement and interaction. The platform is designed for academics, industry professionals, and global participants to host and attend events such as conferences and exhibitions. Key features of the platform include interactive 3D experiences via AR, real-time communication, and enhanced architectural designs that meet the diverse needs of various users. The study addresses challenges related to ensuring accessibility for all participants, aiming to provide an inclusive and interactive environment for virtual events and fostering global collaboration.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Virtual Event Platform, Augmented Reality, Mern Stack, AI Chat Bot, Unity AR foundation.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Uniform Civil Code (UCC) aims to replace personal laws based on religious customs with a common set of laws governing marriage, divorce, inheritance, and adoption for all citizens of India. Supporters argue that it promotes national integration, ensures equality before the law, and upholds secularism by treating every citizen uniformly regardless of religion. They believe the UCC can empower women and marginalized groups by eliminating discriminatory religious practices. Opponents, however, fear it may erode religious freedom and cultural diversity guaranteed by the Constitution. They argue that imposing uniformity could marginalize minority communities and disrupt social harmony. The debate continues, balancing constitutional values of equality and secularism with the right to religious freedom.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

uniforn civil code,arguements,laws

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

One of the world's most extensive traditions of plant-based medicine is found in India. Scientists have tested compounds derived from plants to treat a range of illnesses. Evidence from studies shows that common plant parts have potential as medicines for a range of medical conditions. Sources consulted for this data set include Google Scholar, Scopus, Science Direct, and PubMed. Words like "Marmelosin," "Bael," and "A. marmelos" are common. Extensive study on A. marmelos has showed a wide range of beneficial properties, including actions against diarrhoea, viruses, cancer, chemoprevention, high body temperature, ulcer healing, genotoxicity, incontinence, and inflammation. This article provides an updated literature review that describes the components of A. marmelos and their most important biological activities; it aims to illuminate the existing state of research on A. marmelos.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Bael, Aegle marmelos, Vilvam, Marmelosin, plant-based medicine, phytochemicals, medicinal plants, antidiarrheal, antimicrobial, antiviral, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, traditional Indian medicine, bioactive compounds, ethnopharmacology

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In an age marked by speedy urbanization and technological revolution, the Town Assistant project is a bridge of technology connecting citizens to local authorities. As a mobile application, it provides a central point for complaining, tax payment, access to emergency services, and civic communication. Developed on Flutter, Firebase and Javascript, Town Assistant guarantees real-time updating, secure entry, and simplicity of use by both citizens and authorities. The paper discusses system design, implementation process, challenges, and future improvements in accordance with the vision of smart cities.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Smart City, Civic Tech, Municipal App, Real-Time Communication, Complaint Escalation, Video Calling, Firebase Authentication, Civic Transparency, Flutter Framework, Authority Management.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Carbon-based nanomaterials have emerged as pivotal agents in nanoscience due to their remarkable physicochemical versatility and structural tunability. Carbon nanoparticles (CNPs), encompassing fullerenes, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene derivatives, and carbon quantum dots (CQDs), demonstrate extraordinary properties including high electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, thermal stability, and biocompatibility. This article presents a comprehensive review of the fundamental structures, advanced synthesis techniques, surface functionalization strategies, and cutting-edge applications of CNPs. Emphasis is placed on the integration of CNPs in energy systems, nanoelectronics, targeted drug delivery, and biosensing. Challenges related to cytotoxicity, environmental impact, and large-scale production are critically discussed, along with insights into future research trajectories.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

carbon nano particle, CNPs, CNTs, CQDs

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The tribal communities generally have a traditional system of governance that persists to this day, albeit in various forms. The Tangkhul Naga community in Manipur boasts a rich history of traditional governance structures and economic practices that have evolved over centuries. This study explores how conventional governance systems, rooted in customary laws and community-centric leadership, intersect with the contemporary economic activities of the Tangkhul. While traditional practices such as land distribution, resource management, and dispute resolution continue to influence socio-economic behaviour, modern challenges, including urbanization, market expansion, and state policies, have reshaped these dynamics. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork, oral histories, and secondary sources, this research examines how these governance structures adapt to changing economic landscapes while maintaining continuity with cultural identity. It highlights the role of village councils, clan-based decision-making, and collective labour systems in sustaining traditional livelihoods such as agriculture and handicrafts. Furthermore, the study investigates the community's integration into modern economic networks and the tensions between conventional norms and market-driven strategies. This intersectional analysis provides insights into the resilience and adaptability of the Tangkhul community and contributes to broader discourses on indigenous governance, sustainable development, and cultural preservation in the context of rapid socio-economic transformation.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Traditional governance, Customary laws, Resource management, Urbanization, Village councils, Traditional livelihoods.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

ALL GOVT EXAM PREPARTION FOR STUDENT .

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

HINDI MEDIUM GENERAL KNOWELDGE

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Behavioural psychology is a branch of psychology that focuses on the study and analysis of observable behaviour. It examines how behaviour is learned, shaped, and modified through external stimuli, reinforcement, and conditioning. This field has significantly influenced psychological thought over the years, leading to extensive research on various topics, including the long-term effects of childhood trauma, the development of habits, and the impact of behavioural patterns on mental health. Additionally, behavioural psychology plays a crucial role in understanding and addressing everyday challenges such as aging, depression, anxiety, and eating disorders. By applying behavioural principles, psychologists have developed effective therapeutic approaches to modify dysfunctional behaviour and promote healthier patterns of thinking and acting. The four main sub-disciplines of behavioural psychology include Applied Behaviour Analysis (ABA), Behaviour Modification, Cognitive Therapy, and Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy (CBT). These approaches are widely used in therapeutic settings to treat psychological disorders, improve learning outcomes, and enhance overall well-being. This paper explores the fundamental principles of behavioural psychology, its historical evolution, various techniques, and its practical significance in different aspects of life. While much progress has been made in this field, further research is necessary to deepen our understanding of behavioural patterns and refine intervention strategies for better psychological well-being.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

John. B. Watson, Behaviourism, Ivan Pavlov, B.F. Skinner, Classical, Operant, Habit Formation, Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy, Applied Behaviour Analysis, Psychological Disorders, Stimulus-Response Theory

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The shift toward digital learning has exposed critical limitations in traditional online education, particularly in fostering interaction and reducing student isolation. This paper addresses the limitations of traditional online learning tools in fostering engagement and reducing student isolation by proposing a 2D metaverse platform for virtual classrooms. This web-based platform utilizes spatially aware environments, avatar-based navigation, and proximity-based communication to create an immersive and interactive learning experience. Preliminary evaluations suggest improved engagement and collaboration compared to conventional video conferencing. The paper also discusses the platform's architecture, key challenges like latency and accessibility, and future research directions, highlighting the potential of low-dimensional metaverses to democratize virtual education.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Metaverse, immersive learning, peer-to-peer, scalability, real-time communication, proximity-based communication

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Post-operative scars often lead to complications such as pain, restricted mobility, and poor tissue compliance, which can negatively impact a patient's physical function and quality of life. Manual therapy interventions, including scar massage, mobilization, dry needling, kinesiology taping, and cupping therapy, have been increasingly used to address these issues. This narrative review explores the current evidence supporting the use of manual therapy techniques in post-operative scar management. The current review aims to highlights effectiveness of these methods in enhancing tissue mobility, reducing adhesions, improving scar quality, and contributing to better patient outcomes.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Post-operative scars, Manual therapy, Scar mobilization, Dry needling, Kinesiology taping, Cupping therapy

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In the field of cybersecurity, efficient reconnaissance and enumeration processes are vital for identifying potential vulnerabilities in target systems. This paper presents an innovative, automated CLI tool designed to streamline recon and enumeration tasks for cybersecurity professionals and vulnerability assessment teams. The tool integrates essential functionalities such as DNS lookups, reverse DNS, subdomain enumeration, zone transfer testing, web crawling, and sensitive data scanning, including API key and credential detection from popular services like MongoDB, AWS, and Google Cloud. With a user-centric interface and automation-focused design, our tool enhances the speed, accuracy, and depth of information gathering required for effective Vulnerability Assessment and Penetration Testing (VAPT). Extensive testing on real-world systems demonstrated that our solution effectively reduces the manual effort associated with reconnaissance tasks, while providing comprehensive data to support thorough security assessments.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Gender, Reconnaissance, Enumeration, Cybersecurity, Vulnerability Assessment, Web Security.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The PIET Maintenance Web App is a web-based complaint management system designed to streamline the process of reporting, tracking, and resolving infrastructure-related issues within educational institutions. Developed specifically for the PIET, the system provides role-based access to students, teachers, and maintenance staff, ensuring each user interacts with a personalized dashboard tailored to their responsibilities. The application allows users to submit maintenance complaints with detailed descriptions and optional image attachments, categorizing issues such as plumbing, electrical, and cleanliness. These complaints are stored in a centralized database via secure backend APIs, enabling real-time status updates and efficient data management. The maintenance team can view all complaints, apply filters by type, status, and date, and update complaint statuses from 'Pending' to 'In Progress' or 'Resolved'. The system architecture integrates a responsive frontend developed using modern web technologies with a Node.js and Express-based backend. MongoDB is used as the database to manage structured complaint data, while image uploads are handled through cloud storage. This web-based platform enhances transparency, accountability, and operational efficiency in campus facility management, eliminating the drawbacks of manual complaint handling. The PIET Maintenance Web App offers scalability, portability, and ease of use, making it a practical and replicable solution for colleges, hostels, and other institutional facilities requiring structured infrastructure maintenance workflows.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Complaint Management System, Infrastructure Maintenance, Role-Based Access, Web Application, Node.js and MongoDB, Real-Time Status Tracking, Educational Institutions

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

One of the cornerstones of India's democratic system is the Panchayat Raj System (PRS), which aims to decentralize power and strengthen rural government. But in Jammu and Kashmir (J&K), administrative hurdles, political unrest, and armed strife have all made its execution difficult. Historical, political, and socioeconomic variables have molded Jammu and Kashmir's (J&K) Panchayat Raj System (PRS), which has experienced substantial changes. Key legal changes, governance obstacles, and recurring issues such as security risks, bureaucratic inefficiency, political resistance, financial dependency, etc. are examined in this article, which traces the evolution of PRS in Kashmir from its foundation, specifically from 1935 to 2019. With the repeal of Article 370 in 2019, the Jammu and Kashmir Panchayati Raj Act, 2021 was introduced, bringing J&K within the national Panchayati Raj structure. Beginning under Dogra control and continuing until the Central Government repealed Art 370 of the Constitution in 2019, this historical endeavor seeks to depict the growth of the Panchayat Raj System in Kashmir.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Decentralisation, Grassroots , Supersession, Council, Halqa

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Secondary metabolites not only perform important roles in plant defense against herbivory and other interspecies defense but also utilized by mankind as medicines, flavorings, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, fragrances, colors, biopesticides, food additives and drugs. Most of the drugs sold today are mere synthetic alterations of the naturally derived substances. The increasing commercial status of secondary metabolites in the past decade has meant much interest in secondary metabolism. Various strategies have been researched widely with the aim of enhancing the yield of secondary metabolites in plants. From this spotlight, the intention of the current review is to investigate the use of plant growth regulators towards the yield of certain critical plant secondary metabolites. Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are applied to induce production of secondary metabolites in plants by playing the role of "elicitors," more or less eliciting a stress reaction in the plant, and so inducing biosynthesis of the special compounds that often act as protective mechanisms against stressors from the environment; this is made possible through alteration of the plant's hormonal status, specifically under controlled conditions such as tissue culture, in order to maximize production of sought-after secondary metabolites of interest due to potential pharmacological or economic value.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Secondary Metabolite Auxins, Cytokinins, Salicyclic Acid, Ethylene.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This research investigates the influence of athlete endorsements on brand equity and financial performance within India's athletic retail market. Based on survey responses from a demographically diverse population, the study finds that cultural relatability, credibility, and long-term engagement play crucial roles in shaping consumer loyalty and purchasing behavior.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Athlete Endorsements, Indian Retail Sector, Consumer Behavior, Brand Equity, Sports Marketing

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This research presents a self-supervised learning pipeline leveraging contrastive learning to pretrain models on large, unlabeled datasets for zero-shot classification tasks across diverse domains. The methodology focuses on capturing generalizable features by training models to distinguish between augmented views of data instances, optimizing performance through hyperparameter tuning and advanced training techniques. The pretrained models are evaluated on zero-shot classification benchmarks, demonstrating their ability to classify unseen categories without task-specific supervision. Validation is conducted using standard datasets, assessing accuracy and robustness in general and specialized contexts. The study further explores real-world applications, including medical image classification and anomaly detection, highlighting the pipeline's potential to address challenges where labeled data is scarce. Results indicate that the approach achieves competitive performance, offering a scalable and efficient alternative to supervised methods. Limitations, such as domain-specific generalization and computational demands, are acknowledged, with future directions proposed to enhance semantic alignment and broaden applicability. This work contributes to the advancement of self-supervised learning, providing a framework for leveraging unlabeled data in flexible, real-world AI systems

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Heart Disease, Machine Learning, Random Forest, KNN, Digital Health Solutions, Cardiovascular Diseases

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition