Volume 13 | Issue 4

 Abstract

Dandruff is a common scalp condition characterized by flaking, Itching & irritation, often caused by fungal overgrowth, excessive oil production or dry skin & discomforts. This study potential of carica papaya peel powder as a natural ingredient in antidandruff shampoo formulation. These component may help reduce malassezia fungal overgrowth remove dead skin cells & smooth scalp imitation. The formulation aim to provide an effective, ecofriendly alternative to chemical based shampoo. This study utilizing natural fruit by products in personal care formulation for sustainable & effective dandruff treatment.

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 Keywords

Carica papaya, caricaceae, papaya, antidandruff shampoo.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

B.Ed Prashikshanarthiyon ka sanchalit yog shiksha pathykram ke prati abhivritti ka adhyayn

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B.Ed Prashikshanarthiyon ka sanchalit yog shiksha pathykram ke prati abhivritti ka adhyayn

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Admin Dashboards and Salesman Dashboards offer real-time storage, syncing, and support for access with ease for convenient usage with Firebase integration. Use of Firebase real-time database or Firestore can be applied for updating and storage of confidential data such as Order Management records (medical medicine orders from doctors), Punch-In & GPS Tracking logs (work hours and location marks), and Inventory Check data (amounts). Assigned Doctor & Chemist Lists are displayed to salesmen in real-time, and Sales Reports are automatically calculated by Firebase cloud functions to compute daily/monthly/yearly amounts. Leave Management requests are centralized and visible to admins using the Admin Dashboard. For admins, Firebase drives Total Sales Overview with real-time sales trends, Salesman Management monitoring (orders, GPS traces, and performance reports), and real-time Leave Request approval in real-time. Real-time tracking employs Firebase live update capabilities to monitor system activity, and Inventory Update capabilities employ Firebase for secure batch number recording, expiry, and stock number recording. Firebase authentication facilitates role-based access (salesman/admin), and Firebase cloud-based infrastructure scalability facilitates guaranteed data storage, regulatory compliance, and synchronization to all devices in real time for effective automation of the selling processes of pharmaceuticals. The platform is complemented by a medical delivery and hospital inventory management robot. The robot is manually teleoperated remotely through teleoperation for remote operation, allowing precise navigation and task performance. The solution provides flexibility in dynamic conditions to enable human operators to exert control over robot movement as needed.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Firebase Realtime Database, Firestore, GPS, Cloud-Based, Teleoperation Control Systems, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), Automated Sales Analytics, Secure Batch-Level Inventory Tracking, Firebase Cloud Functions.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The teaching profession, particularly within government schools, is increasingly marked by stress due to organizational and systemic factors. This paper investigates the organizational sources of stress among government school teachers, explores the impact on their performance and well-being, and suggests strategies for mitigation. A mixed-methods approach, incorporating surveys and interviews from a sample of government school teachers, reveals that stress arises primarily from workload, administrative pressure, lack of resources, and role ambiguity. The findings highlight the critical need for systemic reforms and teacher support programs to enhance job satisfaction and educational outcomes.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Teacher stress , Government schools , Organizational factors , Workload Administrative pressure, Role ambiguity , Teacher well-being ,Job performance , Educational outcomes, Systemic reform, Teacher support programs , Mixed-methods research.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper examines NATO's Cyber Defence Pledge 2.0 and its role in enhancing cybersecurity on the Eastern Flank amid rising cyber threats, especially from Russia. It highlights NATO's shift toward digital defense through information sharing, AI integration, and public-private partnerships. The pledge strengthens national resilience, protects critical infrastructure, and fosters international cooperation. As cyber warfare becomes central to global conflict, this initiative marks a crucial evolution in NATO's collective defense strategy.q

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NATO'S CYBER DEFENCE PLEDGE 2.0: HOW THE ALLIANCE IS STRENGTHENING EASTERN FLANK SECURITY IN THE DIGITAL AGE

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With the growing global cleaning demand energy, wind farms on the high seas have become critics component of renewable energy infrastructure. However, maintaining wind turbines on the high seas is challenging due to its remote location and constant exposure to harsh maritime conditions. Degradation of the components, if not detected early, can lead to sudden, long faults times of inactivity and high maintenance costs. Traditional maintenance strategies, such as programmed or reactive maintenance, are often inefficient and expensive on the coast environments to overcome these limitations, this the investigation introduces a data -based approach that combine sensor -based monitoring with real -time failure prediction. The objective is to empower wind farms operators with processable ideas that enable predictive maintenance, thus reducing unplanned interruptions and extending the operational life of the turbines.

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 Keywords

: Predictive Maintenance; Offshore Wind Turbines; Sensor Monitoring; Real-time Data Analysis; Web Dashboard

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Data owners upload encrypted data to the public cloud with specific attributes for access control. Authorized users must match these attributes to read or write data, and decryption keys are issued by a Semi-Trusted Authority. If a key is misused, an auditor helps trace the responsible user upon request.

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cryptcloud,key detection

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Artificial intelligence means radical tools that drastically transform how we work, boost workplace performance, offer accurate data, and provide better managerial choices, and for these reasons, the accounting profession is fundamentally altered. The primary focus of this paper is to investigate AI's capability to dominate in accounting by analysing in detail the opportunities and significant obstacles that AI creates in accounting practice. The paper argues how AI affects the bookkeeping area (including forensic accounting) by explaining some examples from the accounting practice, industry feedback, and academic literature, which describe how AI operates in the bookkeeping area nowadays. The article depicts the future picture of accounting with the knowledge of what accountants need to learn and stay in the game, and it provides strong ethical standards and organisational planning for successful work in AI-based environments.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, Accounting, Machine Learning, Automation, Ethics, Future of Work

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In the context of rapid urbanization, Indian cities are increasingly dependent on elevated transport infrastructure like metro corridors and flyovers to meet growing mobility demands. However, the residual spaces beneath these structures often remain neglected, misused, or visually degraded. This paper explores the transformative potential of these voids through adaptive reuse, using case studies from Kochi, Nagpur, and Surat. These cities have demonstrated innovative approaches--ranging from vertical gardens to public art and recreational plazas--that reimagine underutilized spaces as community assets. The study integrates urban theories such as CPTED (Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design), Tactical Urbanism, and Urban Acupuncture, and proposes a zoning-based design strategy adaptable to different urban contexts. Comparative analysis and visual documentation support a scalable model for reclaiming infrastructure-adjacent spaces to improve safety, sustainability, and public engagement.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Urban Voids, Adaptive Reuse, Metro Infrastructure, Public Spaces, Tactical Urbanism, CPTED, Urban Design

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study outlines the creation, execution, and evaluation of a blockchain-powered digital wallet incorporated into an NFT marketplace. The platform utilizes Ethereum's blockchain and smart contract technology to ensure secure, decentralized transactions. The system implements the ERC-721 protocol to guarantee the singularity and non-fungibility of each digital token. MetaMask integration enables safe user interactions, while Hardhat serves as the development environment for comprehensive testing and deployment. The user interface is built with React, and Node.js powers the backend, delivering a responsive and stable user experience. This investigation tackles issues related to security and scalability in digital asset trading, establishing a foundation for future decentralized marketplaces.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Blockchain, NFT, Ethereum, ERC-721, MetaMask, Hardhat, React, Node.js, Decentralization, Smart Contracts

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper examines the intricate relationship between business practices and competition law, highlighting its crucial role in maintaining fair markets, promoting innovation, and ultimately benefiting consumers. By analyzing key principles, landmark cases, and contemporary challenges, this paper underscores the significance of a robust competition law framework in fostering a dynamic and efficient economic landscape. Furthermore, it explores the evolving interplay between competition law and emerging business models in the digital age, emphasizing the need for adaptive regulatory approaches.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Competition Law, Antitrust, Fair Markets, Innovation, Consumer Welfare, Market Power, Mergers and Acquisitions, Anti-competitive Agreements, Abuse of Dominance, Digital Economy.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In Ayurveda, Rasaushadhis (Herbo-mineral formulations) hold significant therapeutic value, yet their safety requires scientific validation. Vetal Rasa, described in Rasendra Sara Sangraha, is used in Sannipataja Jwara and critical conditions. Comprising Shuddha Parada (purified mercury), Shuddha Gandhaka (sulphur), Shuddha Haratala (orpiment), Shuddha Vatsanabha (aconite), and Maricha (black pepper), this formulation necessitates toxicity assessment. This study evaluated its acute oral toxicity in Wistar rats following OECD 423 guidelines. Vetal Rasa was administered at 300 mg/kg and 2000 mg/kg, with a 14-day observation period. No Upadrava Lakshanas (adverse effects), mortality, or pathological changes were noted. As per GHS classification, it falls under Category 5 (LD50 > 2000 mg/kg), indicating low toxicity. These findings support its safety within Yogya Matra (appropriate dosage), though further studies on chronic toxicity are needed to establish its long-term effects and regulated clinical application.

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Toxicity Assessment, Vetal Rasa, Rasaushadhi, Acute toxicity, Yogya Matra, OECD Guidelines

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper presents an in-depth analysis and implementation of intelligent data sharding strategies for distributed cloud storage systems, aiming to overcome the limitations of traditional static sharding methods. By integrating machine learning, predictive analytics, and dynamic re-sharding techniques, the proposed system adapts in real-time to varying data access patterns and workload distributions. The research evaluates performance based on key metrics such as latency, throughput, load balance, and fault tolerance, revealing significant improvements in all areas. Through rigorous simulation and comparative testing, the intelligent sharding model demonstrates enhanced scalability, efficiency, and resilience in handling large-scale, heterogeneous data environments. The findings highlight the potential of intelligent sharding to serve as a core component in next-generation cloud infrastructure, enabling automated data distribution, improved system performance, and reduced maintenance overhead. This work contributes to the evolving field of cloud data management by offering a robust, adaptive, and future-proof solution for modern enterprise applications.

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Intelligent Sharding, Distributed Cloud Storage, Machine Learning, Data Partitioning, System Scalability

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This research paper investigates the use of data analytics in smart grids to optimize energy consumption and distribution. The study utilizes real-time data and advanced algorithms to improve grid efficiency, reduce operational costs, and promote sustainable energy usage. It highlights the role of predictive analytics and decision-making techniques in optimizing energy flow and enhancing grid reliability.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Smart Grid, Data Analytics, Energy Optimization, Machine Learning, Big Data, IoT, Demand Response.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Lagenaria siceraria, nasal drops, jaundice, hepatoprotective, phytochemicals

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Trends and patterns of water availability in Karnataka through an economic lens, focusing on spatiotemporal variations and their implications for agriculture, livelihoods, and sustainable development. Karnataka, a semi-arid state in southern India, faces significant water stress due to erratic rainfall, over-extraction of groundwater, and uneven distribution of water resources. analyzing using secondary data from government and academic sources, the paper investigates changes in water availability over the past two decades, evaluates their economic impact, and offers policy recommendations to enhance water sustainability and equity.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Water Availability, Karnataka, Economic Analysis, Groundwater, Rainfall, Irrigation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

A JWT (JSON Web Token) is a widely used technique for securely transmitting information between parties as a JSON object. These URL-safe tokens are used for authentication and information exchange. It is composed of three components: a header, a payload, and a signature, all encoded as and single string. The payload JSON Web Signature (JWS) format or as the plaintext of a JSON Web Encryption (JWE) format, is about a subject (typically the user) and extra the secret value information. The signature is generated by computing the encoded header, encoded payload, and a common secret key, which provides the token's integrity and authenticity. The salt value secret method supports encryption, key value resource and identification, authentication, and authorization. It includes attack prevention responses to web-based attacks like SQL injection, cross-site scripting (XSS), and Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) for web security. From the results of the research, this idea is highly applicable to applications or information systems on various platforms sharing the same service. JWT tokens are also successfully stored in cookies in a browser. A shared secret value plays an important part in ensuring the integrity and security of the token. This delves into the importance of the shared secret within the process of signing and verifying JWTs, which is utilized when authentication and authorization in current web application endpoints.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

JWT (JSON Web Tokens), Secret value, Authentication, Web Security, Token Integrity, Symmetric Encryption.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study explores the investors attitudes towards tax saver funds, with a particular focus on Equity-Linked Savings Schemes (ELSS). The study aims to identify and describe the demographic, financial literacy, behavioral bias and investor satisfaction towards ELSS tax saver. Structured questionnaires were used to gather primary data from a diverse group of investor and secondary data is collected from journals, research scholars and websites of SEBI. The type of research design used in this study is exploratory research design. This study chosen sample size of 160 has been determined using pilot study, hence convenience sampling techniques is used in the survey. Tools used in this study Kruskal Wallis, Mann Whitney and Spearman's rank correlation. The study ends with strategic recommendation fund houses and policymakers to improve investors' awareness in tax saving funds.

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Keywords: Financial literacy, behavioral bias and satisfaction.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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During the 20th century, Chinese literature experienced significant growth within the global diaspora, particularly in regions such as Southeast Asia, the United States, and Europe. One notable figure, Gao Xingjian, who resides in France yet continues to write primarily in Chinese, became the first Chinese diasporic author to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2000. For diasporic writers, the portrayal of their homeland often oscillates between critique and nostalgia--China is sometimes depicted as a land marked by violence, poverty, and corruption, while at other times, it is idealized or romanticized. This paper analyses the narratives of displacement excavating the diasporic theme in Ha Jin's select Novels.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Narratives, diaspora, Ha Jin, homeland, emotion

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Emotion recognition through facial expression has become a significant research area in human-computer interaction. This paper explores the integration of facial recognition technology, emotion detection, and music recommendation systems to create a personalized user experience. By utilizing Python programming language, we develop a system that can analyze facial expressions to determine the user's emotional state and recommend music that aligns with their current mood also discusses the methodology, implementation, and evaluation of the system, highlighting its effectiveness in providing music recommendations based on the user's emotions.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Emotion Detection, Music Recommendation System, Facial Recognition, Python, User Experience

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition