Volume 13 | Issue 4

 Abstract

Herbal Formulations Neuroprotection: A Review of Mechanisms Against Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.

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Herbal formulations, Neuroprotection, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Antioxidants, Polyherbal therapy, Neuroinflammation

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RP-HPLC, Method Validation, Linearity, Accuracy, Precision, Robustness

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Background: Menopause is a naturally occurring process involving decreased activity of ovarian follicles and causing permanent stoppage of menstruation in women. Hormonal fluctuations and menopausal symptoms predispose women to reduced physical activity and prone to chronic conditions. Women in menopause go through various physical and psychological changes. Women suffer from a decline in quality of life during menopause. An important factor improving these symptoms is physical activity. It also has a positive impact on quality of life. This review focuses on how physical activity affects quality of life in menopausal women. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of physical activity on quality of life in menopausal women. This review aims to analyze and summarize the available literature on the impact of physical activity on the quality of life in menopausal women. This review focuses on the effects of physical activity on menopausal symptoms and overall quality of life in women. Study Selection: A database available from Google Scholar, PubMed, Research Gate, and Science Direct was analysed, and studies published from 2009 to 2024 were included in this review. The included studies mainly focused on the relationship between physical activity with quality of life in menopausal women. Conclusion: Regular physical activity can improve menopause symptoms and thus the quality of life in middle-aged women and those suffering from climacteric symptoms. Therefore, women should be educated and encouraged to exercise regularly. However, the intensity of exercise and other factors might influence the outcomes.

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Physical Activity, Quality of Life, Menopausal Women, Menopause, Menopausal Symptoms

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The lack of accessible, localized agricultural support poses a major challenge for Tamil-speaking farmers, especially in rural areas with limited literacy. This project focuses on the development and evaluation of an AI-powered audio-based chatbot that supports Tanglish (Tamil written in English), Tamil, and English. Leveraging advanced speech recognition (Whisper) and natural language processing (GPT-4), the system allows farmers to interact through voice and receive real-time responses to queries related to crop management, pest control, weather updates, and market prices. Our research evaluates the chatbot's accuracy, response time, and user satisfaction, aiming to improve accessibility, inclusivity, and decisionmaking in agriculture. The proposed solution bridges the digital divide and empowers farmers through multilingual, voice- enabled agricultural assistance.

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Tanglish Chatbot, AI in Agriculture, Voice-Based Agricultural Assistance, Tamil-Speaking Farmers, Speech Recognition (Whisper) , Natural Language Processing (GPT-4), Multilingual Chatbot, Smart Farming , Rural Technology Accessibility

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Caste and race play an important role in our present society. Based on color, Black people face oppression and mental struggle. There are different kinds of power domination. These power systems made a number of distinctions between common people. Also, these relations have a strong hold of authority. These are reflected in our social media, films, magazines, and literature. Contemporary Tamil, Malayalam, and Kannada films try to express these kinds of inequalities on the visual screen. Subaltern theories, postcolonialism, casteism, etc., evaluate these kinds of problems. We can get complete pictures of the lives of these low-caste people from movies. This paper tries to provide a deep vision of subaltern theory with reference to contemporary Tamil movies. In subaltern theory, concepts like hegemony and marginalization are visible. Like this, Tamil movies reflect the marginalized communities. They are isolated from society due to their color and status. This is very relevant in the present scenario.

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"Representation of Subalternity :A contemporary analysis on Tamil movies "

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COVID-19 has created unprecedented challenges for global healthcare systems, particularly in resource-constrained settings where access to critical medical equipment, such as ventilators, is limited. Respiratory complications are one of the most severe outcomes of the virus, highlighting the need for cost-effective and scalable solutions for respiratory support. This study presents a novel bio-intelligent ventilation system designed to provide autonomous respiratory assistance while integrating real-time health monitoring. The system utilizes a combination of sensors, including oxygen saturation, pulse rate, and temperature tracking, regulated by a microcontroller to ensure accurate and responsive ventilatory support. A self-adjusting airflow mechanism adapts to patient-specific respiratory needs, ensuring safe and effective inhalation and exhalation. Continuous VitalSync monitoring offers real-time feedback for dynamic ventilation control, enhancing patient safety during critical care. The proposed system bridges the gap between high-end ventilators and affordable, portable alternatives, offering a reliable solution for pandemic resilience and future respiratory healthcare challenges.

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COVID-19, portable ventilator, respiratory aid, real-time monitoring, bio-intelligent system, VitalSync, pandemic resilience, autonomous ventilation, low-resource healthcare.

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This study examines the operations of Zepto, an online retailer established in Bangalore, Mumbai, in April 2021 by two Stanford dropouts, Aadit Palicha and Kaivalya Vohra, both 19 years old. After GoPool and Kiranakart, this is their third start-up, so they are not entirely new to the startup industry. They arrived with this innovative concept while they wait for their goods to arrive in two to three days from the comfort of their homes. Zepto is one of the start-up subgroups that saw rapid growth in the years following COVID-19. The development approach by which the business is enabling products to be delivered in ten minutes is explained in this scenario. The American growth equity firm Glade Brook Capital Partners and the American start-up incubator Y Combinator are the primary investors in Zepto's $360 million fundraising round. The company is currently valued at $900 million. Thus, it it not a crazy notion that Zepto might soon transform into a unicorn. However, since Zepto has yet to turn a profit, there is serious concern about its business strategy. Zepto is also up against fierce competition from Blinkit, a company that began operations in December 2013 which was orignally known as Grofers.

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Stanford Dropouts,Business Strategy,Ten-Minute Delivery Model,Online Retailer

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The study explores the environmental impacts of manufacturing processes in India, focusing on the importance of Effluent Treatment Plants (ETP) and Sewage Treatment Plants (STP) in mitigating pollution. The research highlights sustainable practices and cleaner technologies that can be adopted to improve water and air quality, reduce resource consumption, and achieve overall sustainability in industrial manufacturing. The study further evaluates the challenges in the implementation of these practices and proposes solutions for improving the environmental footprint of manufacturing industries in India.

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Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP), Sewage Treatment Plant (STP), Sustainable Practices, Water Quality, Air Quality, India.

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SVC is the flexible AC transmission system . At high voltage it can generate high reactive power

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High Power stability 2. High reactive power

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In Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs), efficient and reliable routing is a significant challenge due to dynamic topologies, node mobility, and the potential presence of malicious or uncooperative nodes. This paper presents a Reputation-Based Opportunities Routing Protocol using Q-learning (RORQ), a novel approach that combines reputation systems with reinforcement learning to enhance the routing decision-making process. The protocol assigns reputation scores to nodes based on their past behavior, such as successful packet forwarding or malicious activity, and uses these scores to inform routing decisions. Each node learns optimal routing paths through Q-learning, where the state is defined by network conditions and node reputations, and actions correspond to choosing routing paths. The Q-learning algorithm continuously updates the routing policy by maximizing the cumulative reward, which is based on successful data delivery and node cooperation. The proposed method dynamically adjusts to changing network conditions, ensuring both the efficiency of data transmission and the trustworthiness of routes, thereby mitigating the impact of unreliable or malicious nodes. Simulation results demonstrate that the RORQ protocol improves packet delivery ratios, reduces the impact of malicious nodes, and enhances overall network performance compared to traditional routing protocols in MANETs.

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Reputation based Opportunistic Routing Protocol,Mobile Ad-Hoc Network,Reinforcement Learning,AD-Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector,Dynamic Source Routing,Optimized Link State Routing,Vehicular Networks,Internet of Battlefield Things

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The present study compares the antimitotic activity of Annona squamosa leaf extract to Methotrexate utilising a fenugreek seed germination experiment. The inhibition of root elongation was employed to detect inhibited cell division. Phytochemical screening of the extract revealed the presence of biologically active substances such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and glycosides. Methotrexate and Annona squamosa extract slowed root development in a dose-dependent manner. Although methotrexate showed greater inhibition, the extract also had significant antimitotic effects, particularly at higher dosages. These findings indicate that Annona squamosa has significant potential as a natural source of antimitotic drugs.

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Annona squamosa, Antimitotic activity, Methotrexate, seed germination assay, Trigonella foenum-graecum.

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The growing concern over environmental degradation and rising fuel prices has accelerated the demand for sustainable transportation alternatives, with electric bikes (e-bikes) emerging as a popular choice. This study focuses on understanding customer preferences towards electric bikes, with special reference to Coimbatore city. It aims to identify the key factors influencing consumer decisions, including price, battery life, performance, brand reputation, environmental consciousness, and government incentives. The study is based on primary data collected through surveys conducted among residents of Coimbatore. The results reveal the level of awareness, interest, and potential barriers faced by consumers in adopting e-bikes. The findings are expected to assist manufacturers, marketers, and policymakers in framing strategies to enhance e-bike adoption in urban markets like Coimbatore.

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E-Bikes, Eco-friendly, Transportation, Customer preference, Market trend

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The global outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic brought unprecedented disruptions to all sectors, with education being among the most affected. As traditional classroom learning became impossible during lockdowns, educational institutions rapidly transitioned to online platforms to ensure continuity in learning. This study explores the role and effectiveness of Microsoft PowerPoint as a teaching aid during this transition, focusing specifically on students of Class VII in an English medium SSC school in Mumbai. The research aimed to assess how PowerPoint presentations impacted students' understanding and engagement in online classes and to identify challenges encountered during their use. Adopting a descriptive research design and using a questionnaire as the primary data collection tool, the study gathered insights from students through convenience sampling. Findings indicated that the majority of students found PowerPoint presentations helpful in enhancing their learning experience due to their interactive and visually engaging format. However, a small number of students faced issues such as difficulty concentrating and screen fatigue. The study concludes that Microsoft PowerPoint served as an effective ICT tool in online education, although its success depended on students' adaptability and access to digital resources. The research underscores the importance of integrating varied digital tools in the curriculum and recommends further exploration of ICT effectiveness across different educational boards and inclusive settings

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Online Education, Microsoft PowerPoint, ICT Tools, COVID-19, E-Learning, Descriptive Research, Secondary Education

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Trivrut as per season: Trivrut kalpas refer to Ayurvedic medicinal preparations, or formulations, based on the Turpeth root plant, also known as Operculina turpethum. These formulations are widely used in Ayurveda for various health conditions, particularly for their purgative and cleansing properties. Ayurvedic texts like the Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Astanga Hridaya mention Trivrut and its various uses. A concept in Ayurveda that focuses on the proper preparation, dosage, and administration of medicinal preparations, including those involving Trivrut. Some Trivrut kalpas are designed for use in specific seasons, reflecting the principles of seasonal Ayurveda. So this article focuses on Trivrut as per season

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Trivrut as per season, Samhita.

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The increasing population of stray animals poses significant challenges, including inadequate healthcare, lack of shelter, and low adoption rates. Pet Adoption and Rescue is an innovative web-based platform designed to bridge the gap between individuals who find stray animals and rescue organizations, volunteers, and potential adopters. The platform provides an Instagram-style reporting interface, allowing users to report stray animals with images, location details, and health status. Additionally, it features a categorized adoption feed with pet profiles, an interactive three-stage adoption process, and a location-based search for nearby pets and shelters. To enhance rescue efforts, the system integrates volunteer registration, donation modules, and real-time notifications. By leveraging technology, this project aims to streamline pet adoption, improve rescue efficiency, and increase community engagement. The implementation of this platform is expected to enhance the adoption process, reduce shelter overcrowding, and promote responsible pet ownership.

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Pet Adoption, Animal Rescue, Stray Animals, Web-Based Platform, Community Engagement, Shop And Trainer

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The present study was done to compare the effect of straw drinking and mouthwash on thirst distress and interdialytic weight gain among patients undergoing hemodialysis. The main objectives of the study were test the effect of straw drinking in reducing thirst distress among patients undergoing hemodialysis, test the effect of mouth wash in reducing thirst distress among patients undergoing hemodialysis, test the effect of straw drinking on interdialytic weight gain among patients undergoing hemodialysis, test the effect of mouth wash on interdialytic weight gain among patients undergoing hemodialysis, compare the effect of straw drinking and effect of mouth washes in reducing thirst distress, compare the effect of straw drinking and effect of mouth washes in reducing interdialytic weight gain and to determine the correlation between thirst distress and interdialytic weight gain among patients undergoing hemodialysis. Experimental cross over design was adopted with a sample size of 90. The tools used were personal and clinical data sheet, thirst distress scale and calibrated weighing machine. The subjects were randomly grouped into two, a coin was tossed to decide which intervention has to be given first to the subjects in Group A. Subjects in Group A received frequent mouth wash as first intervention followed by straw drinking, group B received the straw drinking as the 1st intervention followed by mouthwash. They followed each intervention for 5 days. The post test to assess the thirst distress and interdialytic weight gain were done during 2 consecutive dialysis after each intervention. Both the intervention had a significant impact on thirst distress and interdialytic weight gain. And while comparing both intervention mouth wash was better intervention which was accepted by majority of the subjects. There is a weak positive correlation exist between thirst distress and interdialytic weight gain.

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thirst distress, interdialytic weight gain

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In today's payment environment, the difficulties of managing healthcare and achieving clinical integration have gained national attention. Research on using technology to help reduce costs and guarantee healthcare quality is still underway. Many sectors utilize business intelligence solutions to extract insights from operational and financial data in order to make better decisions that ultimately lead to efficiency and effectiveness. In order to justify research on the influence of business intelligence on healthcare delivery in the United States of America, this paper will provide the reader with an overview of the current literature on two fundamental topics: business intelligence and healthcare delivery. In order to accomplish that, we look at how BI is being used in the healthcare sector, discuss pertinent problems and difficulties, and investigate how BI may support particular organizational skills. There are examples of how BI capabilities have helped organizations address issues related to healthcare quality, affordability, and accessibility. This study, which presents BI as a tool to guarantee a strong. and methodical approach to health care management with the ultimate goal of having a lasting impact on quality improvement and cost control, could be helpful to both practitioners and scholars.

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Healthcare, Business Intelligence, Quality, Cost, Capabilities, Sustainability

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As technology becomes more deeply integrated into our daily lives, it's also being misused for harmful activities like phishing, fraud, and online scams. That's why detecting spam has become so crucial. In this work, we introduce a smarter and more effective way to spot spam using a combination of machine learning techniques. We pair the Harris Hawks Optimizer (HHO) with the k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN) algorithm to improve classification accuracy. Unlike traditional methods that often fall short due to the constantly changing nature of spam, our approach also incorporates BERT--a powerful language model that understands the deeper meaning and context of words. This helps the system more accurately tell the difference between spam and real emails. Our results show that this method significantly outperforms older models, offering a more reliable and scalable solution for staying ahead of spam threats.

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Machine learning, k-NN, HHO, BERT, email spam detection

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The Kinetic Chain Activation Technique (KCAT) has emerged as a contemporary manual therapy approach targeting myofascial chains to correct movement dysfunction, alleviate musculoskeletal pain, and restore functional mobility. Rooted in the principle that body segments operate as interconnected links, KCAT addresses dysfunction by activating distal fascial pathways to influence proximal joint biomechanics. This narrative review explores the effectiveness of KCAT across a range of conditions including osteoarthritis, shoulder dysfunction, hamstring tightness, and wound healing. Evidence from randomized clinical trials and case studies suggests significant improvements in pain reduction, joint alignment, flexibility, and functional outcomes when KCAT is integrated into rehabilitation protocols. The review highlights the therapeutic value of KCAT in physiotherapy and underscores its role in optimizing kinetic chain dynamics through fascial modulation.

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Keywords: Kinetic Chain Activation Technique, Fascia, Physiotherapy, Myofascial Chains, Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation

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The inauguration of the BAPS Hindu Mandir in Abu Dhabi on February 14, 2024, represents a landmark moment in India-UAE relations, highlighting the role of cultural diplomacy in strengthening bilateral ties. This paper examines how the temple serves as a symbol of religious tolerance, soft power, and deepening strategic cooperation between the two nations. By analyzing the historical context of India-UAE relations, the significance of the BAPS Mandir, and its implications for economic and geopolitical collaboration, this study explores how cultural diplomacy complements broader diplomatic engagements. The paper also discusses recent developments, including high-level visits, trade agreements, and diaspora influence, to provide a comprehensive understanding of the evolving partnership.

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India, UAE, Cultural Diplomacy, BAPS Hindu Mandir

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