Volume 13 | Issue 4

 Abstract

The first chapter as an outstanding creative writer, critic, editor and teach, U,R Anantha murthy has had a seminal impact on kannada literature and culture in the last few icates and is one of the most charismatic Indian litereracy personilities living today. This second chapter denotes Samskra presents before us a community of persons who are interlocked with each other through various complex relationship caste, economy, gender societial ,hierarchy ,religious question and taboos ferment a complex web of relationship ,against backdrop of which the story liners been schetched

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

, Community, Caste, Economy, Gender and Untouchability

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The advancement of digital technology has transformed the way books are purchased and sold. This paper presents the development of an Online Book Store Management System using XML, Java, Android Application Development, and MySQL to facilitate seamless book transactions. The system allows users to browse, search, and purchase books online, while administrators can manage inventory, orders, and user details efficiently. The system is designed to provide a user-friendly interface, secure transactions, and real-time database management. This research explores the architecture, implementation, and potential applications of the system in enhancing the online book retail experience.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Online Book Store, Android Application, Java, MySQL, XML, E-Commerce.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Emotion recognition from text is a critical task in Natural Language Processing (NLP), with wideranging applications in sentiment analysis, mental health monitoring, and human-computer interaction. Its investigates the application of Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) for emotion recognition. BERT's ability to capture contextual dependencies and nuances in text, through its bidirectional transformer architecture, makes it ideal for this task. By fine-tuning pre-trained BERT models on an emotionlabeled dataset, we classify emotions such as happiness, sadness, anger, surprise, fear, and others. The model leverages BERT's pre-trained knowledge of language and its capacity to understand complex syntactic and semantic patterns. Experimental evaluations show that BERT achieves superior accuracy in detecting emotions compared to traditional machine learning models like SVM and logistic regression, due to its deep contextual embeddings. Furthermore, our approach improves generalization across varied emotional expressions, demonstrating BERT's robustness in emotion-aware NLP tasks. These results suggest that BERT-based models hold significant promise for enhancing the accuracy and effectiveness of emotion recognition systems. The main tool we have used in this project is Streamlit. With the appearance of Streamlit, we can create powerful web packages that leverage the power of NLP for emotion detection.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Sentiment Analysis, Probabilistic model, Streamlit, Natural Language Processing, Machine Learning, Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers Algorithm, Feature Extraction, Deep Learning Architectures

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

slope, highwall, Stereographic

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This project proposes a UPI fraud detection model using machine learning algorithms--Random Forest (RF), Logistic Regression (LR), Decision Tree (DT), and Support Vector Machine (SVM)--to classify transactions as legitimate or fraudulent. To improve detection accuracy, Voting Classifiers are employed using different algorithm combinations, including RF+DT, RF+LR, RF+SVM, LR+DT, LR+SVM, and DT+SVM. The performance of these models is compared based on evaluation metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score to determine the most effective approach for fraud detection with high accuracy and minimal false positives.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Unified Payments Interface (UPI), Fraud Detection, Machine Learning, Random Forest (RF), Logistic Regression (LR), Decision Tree (DT), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Voting Classifiers, Financial Fraud, Digital Payments, Classification Algorithms, Ensemble Learning, Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1-score

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This study explores the political participation of working women in Vadodara City, examining the extent and nature of their engagement in political activities, the challenges they face, and the socio-cultural and economic factors influencing their participation. Using a mixed-methods approach that incorporates both quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews, the study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of women's political involvement. The research findings reveal that while working women recognize the significance of political engagement, they often encounter barriers such as gender discrimination, time constraints, work-life balance issues, and lack of political awareness. The study highlights the importance of policy interventions, awareness campaigns, and institutional reforms to enhance women's participation in the political sphere.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Political Participation, Working Women, Vadodara City, Gender and Politics, Women's Empowerment, Socio-Cultural Barriers, Electoral Engagement

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) experience several physical, functional, and psychological complications, including muscle weakness, fatigue, decreased exercise capacity, and reduced quality of life. Physiotherapy interventions, including aerobic exercises, resistance training, balance training, and respiratory exercises, have shown beneficial effects in improving physical function, cardiovascular fitness, and overall well-being in this population. This narrative review explores the impact of physiotherapy treatment on patients undergoing hemodialysis, emphasizing the role of structured exercise programs in mitigating dialysis-related complications and enhancing quality of life.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Physiotherapy, Hemodialysis, Exercise, Rehabilitation, Quality of Life

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Unified Payments Interface (UPI) has revolutionized digital payments in India, providing a seamless and convenient method for users. However, customers still face several issues and concerns when using this payment method. These include frequent technical glitches such as transaction failures, delays in payment processing, and app crashes. Security concerns related to fraud, phishing, and unauthorized access also remain prominent. Additionally, some users experience difficulties in linking multiple bank accounts, and there are challenges with UPI's interoperability across different banking platforms. Despite the growing adoption, these issues hinder the overall user experience and raise questions about the reliability and safety of the UPI system

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

UPI, Customer Satisfaction, ANOVA

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Fermentation is the process where the energy yielding anaerobic metabolism of nutrients like sugars without oxidation are converted to organic acids like lactic acid, acetic acid, etc. and ethanol. The process involves the microbial growth in food and change its characteristics by their enzymes. There are many fermented foods available with high nutritive value to overcome the challenges of nutritional deficiency. One of the fermented foods widely accepted globally is tempeh produced from soybeans which is highly nutritive food and also a valuable plant-based protein source. The present study focuses on production of tempeh from soybeans and determination of Ph, moisture content and calcium ions presence by strip method, oven drying method and flame test respectively to assess the nutritive quality of soybeans after fermentation.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Fermented foods, Tempeh, Starter culture, strip method, flame test

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

One of the universe's most intricate systems is the human mind. The human brain is the primary source of consciousness and the physical foundation of the mind. With the aid of consciousness, the mind integrates all information from all sensory modalities. Better mental and physical health outcomes may result from understanding this connection. Positive emotions can be used to train the heart through positive psychology techniques, increasing the frequency with which the brain releases chemicals that promote health and healing. It remains unclear how the human brain transforms neurochemical interactions into conscious experiences. External factors are unable to decipher this extremely cryptic conversion. Future research on the mind-body connection may mark a significant turning point in psychophysical health. Aim: This paper aims to emphasise the significance of understanding the composition and operation of the human mind. Methods: To gain a deeper understanding of the mind's structure, a critical discussion is conducted using systematic and narrative review processes. Findings: Studies on mind structure provide insightful information that can guide workplace, healthcare, and educational policies and procedures. Conclusion: Focusing on a single discipline is insufficient to comprehend the mind fully. It is crucial to incorporate ideas from philosophy, psychology, and neuroscience that address both the objective and subjective aspects of human experience. Deciphering the secrets of the mind requires an interdisciplinary approach. Once wholly comprehended, the mind-body connection has the potential to revolutionise our understanding of mental and physical well-being and mark a significant turning point in psychophysical health.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Mind-body connection, Positive emotions, Psychophysical health, Neurochemical, sensory modalities, consciousness, Positive psychology.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Herbal cosmetics are the product employed to make every individual look better. Cream is a semisolid emulsion which is oil in water (o/w) or water in oil (w/o) form and these semisolid emulsions are to be used for external purpose. It is put on the outside of skin and its principal property is to stay longer at the place where it is applied. Medicinal creams contain a range of ingredients from cosmetic use like cleansing beautifying changing the look softening to shield the skin from bacteria, fungal infections to heal cuts, burns and wounds on the skin. The demand of cosmetics because of the availability of herbal cosmetics is growing tremendously. Herbal preparations are gaining more focus in public due to their superior quality properties and fewer side effects. Moreover, it also supplies the skin with essential nutrients and needed moisture. The aim of research was to formulate a herbal cream for moisturizing, nourishing, whitening and anti-aging. The natural materials selected for preparation of herbal cream are aloe vera, cucumber peels, curry leaves, orange peel, glycyrrhiza glabra are some herbal drugs which are traditionally used from ancient years in various herbal medicines like Ayurveda, siddha and homeopathic.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Aloe Vera, Cucumber peels, Orange Peel, Curry Leaves

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Chief Minister's Comprehensive Health Insurance Scheme (CMCHIS) is a pioneering initiative launched by the Government of Tamil Nadu to provide universal health coverage to economically weaker sections of society. Introduced in 2012, the scheme aims to benefit over 1.34 crore families by offering financial protection and comprehensive healthcare coverage. By ensuring access to quality medical services, CMCHIS seeks to improve health outcomes, promote social equity, and foster inclusive growth. The scheme specifically addresses the healthcare needs of low-income populations, shielding them from catastrophic medical expenses that could push them further into poverty. It provides financial assistance for a wide range of medical procedures, including hospitalization, surgeries, diagnostic tests, and follow-up treatments. Beneficiaries can access healthcare services through an extensive network of empaneled hospitals, ensuring affordability and quality care. Through this initiative, the government aims to enhance public health, reduce disparities in medical access, and improve the overall well-being of vulnerable communities.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Improve health outcomes, social equity, affordability, quality care.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Storytelling has long been recognized as a fundamental aspect of human communication. In language learning, particularly in English language acquisition, storytelling plays a crucial role in developing listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills. This paper explores the effectiveness of storytelling techniques in improving English language skills among learners. It examines various storytelling methods, their impact on language acquisition, and how they foster engagement, motivation, and comprehension. The study also highlights the challenges, limitations, and gaps in research on storytelling in English language learning. Finally, the paper discusses potential improvements and future directions for integrating storytelling into language education.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Storytelling, English language learning, language acquisition, communicative skills, motivation, comprehension, engagement, teaching techniques

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

What if all this chaos of everyday lives were not a harbinger of despair but rather a doorway to deeper self-discovery? From Beckett's portrayal of meaninglessness in Waiting for Godot to the self-aware cynicism of Fleabag and the never-ending loops of Russian Doll, absurdism has been ever-changing and constantly taking on new forms. Which is no longer limited to the stage but can be seen in contemporary storytelling, blending dark humor with self-aware narration to mirror the challenges of the present world. This paper aims to explore how absurdism has transformed from being a bleak narrative of post-war theater into a multidisciplinary exploration of personal identity, trauma, and the fractured nature of reality. Together, these series merge absurdity with personal narratives, feminist ideas, and psychological depth. By tracing absurdism from its theatrical beginnings to its modern forms, this paper shows the present relevance of absurdism in contemporary times. In an era where meaning is often hard to find, absurdity not only reveals chaos but also offers a way to organize it.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Absurdism, Existentialism, Crisis of Meaning, Contemporary Television, Fourth-Wall Breaking, Cyclical Narrative, Trauma, Self-Discovery, Female Empowerment, Dark Humor, Time Loop, Existential Dread, Digital Age, Hyperconnectivity, Identity Fragmentation, Psychological Exploration, Existential Ambiguity, Feminist Perspectives, Self-Referential Storytelling, Healing, Nihilism, Agency, Sociocultural Issues, Postmodern Storytelling, Repetition, Meaninglessness, Psychological Complexity, Social Media

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The concept of alienation has been a part of an ordinary persons life. The alienation can be associated with the people who have gone out of the society and the young generation who have gone out of the values of life. So, it could be called the separation of one set from society. The alienation concept has been used in sociology by Karl Marx. Now a day the concept of alienation had become part of ordinary language, much used in the media. We may be told, for example, that those groups are becoming alienated from society, or that young people are alienated from mainstream values. With such usage of the concept we get the impression of the feeling of separation of one group from society, but the concept has traditionally been used in sociology. The Indo-English literature conjointly, couldnt stay unaffected by historical and socio-cultural reasons. Alienation is a basic theme and repeated motif in several Indo-English novels. The earlier Indo-English novelists were so conscious of the dilemma ensuing from alienation. Their works bear witness to a definite involvement with the ever-changing national scene and a real concern for the destiny of the country. Even after they felt bring to an end, their sense of isolation was never therefore acute as that of the later novelists. The explanation for the sooner Indo-English novelists feeling rather lonely was mainly socio-political. Whereas delineating alienated persons, their main aim appears to possess been to demonstrate the potential dangers of two cultures meeting in one and also the same person and leading to his unfortunate isolation.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Culture, alienation, physical agony, sociology, isolation, socio cultural relation

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This research presents a decentralized platform that combines artificial intelligence with blockchain technology to combat fake news. Our proposed system leverages a Web3 architecture to create transparent verification processes while ensuring data privacy through federated learning. Experimental results demonstrate 92% accuracy in detecting misinformation using multimodal deep learning models, with verification results immutably stored on blockchain. The platform's decentralized voting mechanism successfully identified and corrected AI misclassifications in over 92% of contested cases, even with significant adversarial participation. Blockchain integration provides unprecedented transparency in the verification process, addressing trust deficits in traditional fact-checking systems. While technical users showed high adoption rates, interface simplification remains necessary for broader public participation. This framework represents a significant advancement in combating misinformation by combining AI capabilities with blockchain transparency.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Decentralized Verification, Fake News Detection, Web3, Artificial Intelligence, Natural Language Processing, Blockchain, IPFS, Decentralized Voting, Transparency, Data Integrity.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Trade Unions are necessary for protecting labour rights in all walks of life. They have the responsibility to closely observe the developments in the employment sector and act as the agency to empower the capability of the labour classes to meet the requirements of the globalised era. The Indian trade union movement has had a long history since the national movement. But globalisation brings certain challenges to employees and their unions. In this situation, trade unions should redefine their strategies and play a more active role in upholding and protecting labour rights.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Trade Union, Globalisation, Liberalisation, Priviatisation.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

E-commerce's explosive expansion has changed how consumers purchase, making online retailers like Amazon and Flipkart major players in the Indian retail sector. With an emphasis on Coimbatore city specifically, this study compares how satisfied customers are with online purchasing on these platforms. The study assesses a number of variables that affect consumer satisfaction, such as product diversity, cost, payment security, delivery services, user interface, and special offers. A standardized questionnaire was used to survey a sample of 120 people, and chi-square tests, correlation analysis, rank analysis, and percentage analysis were used to examine the data. The results show that both platforms provide a competitive purchasing experience, but Amazon is more trusted for product quality and delivery dependability, while Flipkart is preferred for pricing and offers. Furthermore, it was discovered that promotional activity and security concerns affected consumer trust and purchasing decisions

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Indian retail sector, purchasing

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in food waste illustrates a transformational approach to promoting the principles of a circular economy. This study examines how Ai controlled technologies, food persecution, classification and redistribution can be optimized, including machine learning, computer vision, and predictive analytics. Ai driven systems enable real time monitoring, demand forecasting and efficient selection mechanisms, reducing waste at various stages of the supply chain. Although AI is used in a wide range of waste disposal areas, such as construction and recycling of electronic equipment, food management possibilities remain underdeveloped. Existing research demonstrates the effectiveness of AI in optimizing waste classification and recycling and demonstrating its applicability to food loss solutions. By integrating AI into IoT sensors and blockchain technology, it dramatically improves food surveillance transparency and traceability, promotes efficient resource recovery and minimizes reliance on landfills. This study highlights the need for Ai controlled innovation to improve food system sustainability, mitigate environmental impacts, and support cyclical economic goals. Future research should focus on developing solutions for AI applications tailored to food waste to ensure efficiency, cost-effectiveness and scalability for various sectors.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence (AI), Food Waste Management, Circular Economy, IoT Sensors.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

India and Pakistan, two neighboring countries, were once part of a unified territory known as Hindustan during the British Raj. The partition of India in August 1947 was a significant and unique historical event, driven by the demand for independence and the divergent aspirations of two major political entities. The Indian National Congress, led by Jawaharlal Nehru, sought a united India free from colonial rule. At the same time, the Muslim League, under the leadership of Muhammad Ali Jinnah, advocated for the creation of Pakistan, a separate state for Muslims. Despite facing numerous challenges and criticisms, the partition eventually led to the birth of two nations: India and Pakistan. August 1947 marked a bittersweet period; while independence from the British was achieved, the partition brought about immense suffering, displacement, and loss for millions on both sides. The partition of India left a lasting impact on the subcontinent, deeply embedding itself in the collective consciousness of India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. The legacy of this tumultuous period continues to influence the socio-political landscape and the lives of its citizens today.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Partition of India (1947), Two-Nation Theory, India Independence Act (1947), Mass Migration & Refugee Crisis, Communal Violence, Radcliffe Line & Territorial Division, Jawaharlal Nehru & Nation-Building, First Indo-Pak War (1947-48), 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War, Political Instability in Pakistan, India-Pakistan Diplomatic Relations & Conflicts

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition