Volume 6 | Issue 2

 Abstract

Maximum power point tracking systems system are designed to extract the maximum possible power from the PV module using sun tracking and maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms. In sun tracking technique PV panel is oriented according to sun within a day to generation of maximum power from a PV panel. MPPT algorithms are utilized to exploit the efficiency of solar generators and shrink the photovoltaic array cost by decreasing the number of photovoltaic panels essential to attain the chosen solar output power. To maximize the increase in the production of electricity the hardware implementation using photovoltaic (PV) systems, implementation of maximum power point tracking control of PV system using an incremental conductance algorithm, sun tracking technique and monitoring software for monitoring the performance of Photovoltaic system is presented in this work.

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Maximum power point tracking (MPPT), Perturbation and observation (P & O), and Incremental conductance (InC).

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Deep learning is a set of learning methods attempting to model data with complex architectures combining different non-linear transformations. The elementary bricks of deep learning are the neural networks that are combined to form the deep neural networks. Deep learning allows computational models that are composed of multiple processing layers to learn representations of data with multiple levels of abstraction. These methods have dramatically improved the state-of-the-art in speech recognition, visual object recognition, object detection and many other domains.

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Deep learning, Unsupervised Pretraining, Recurrent Neural Network, Recursive Neural Network, Convolution Neural Network

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photo voltaic, embedded C, motor, 8051 micro controller

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Two prominent Future Communication Infrastructure (FCI) applicants that were anticipated recently due to speedy rise in the air traffic volume were the 1-2 GHz band aeronautical frameworks L-DACS1 and L-DACS2 for Air-to-Ground (AG) communication with the most suitable approach being selected as L-DACS1. A filter bank multicarrier (FBMC) based communication systems is been proposed and also its advantages over LDACS systems has been shown in this work. Spectral density of power, Signal to interference rate, and BER execution are the 3 parameters that are used to measure against all future aeronautical communication systems. In the existence of distance measuring equipment (DME) that produces the original obstructing signals, it could be seen that FBMC produces enhanced working when compared with the LDACS proposals. Simulation results show that the presence of well-localized subcarrier prototype filters in the Filter bank multicarrier practically minimizes the out-of-band power and also the obstruction from DME can be reduced. Eliminating CP, postfix and windowing method employed in LDACS and also shortening the number of guard band subcarriers in FBMC could enhance the throughput and spectral efficiency. Thus proving FBMC based communication framework could be an attractive applicant for the imminent air to ground communication entity.

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 Keywords

Bit error rate (BER), Distance measuring equipment (DME), Filter bank multicarrier (FBMC), Future communication infrastructure (FCI), L-band digital aeronautical communication systems (LDACS), Power spectral density (PSD, Signal to interference ratio (SIR).

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Brain tumor detection in image processing in MRI images. The method of brain tumor segmentation is the separation of tumor area from Brain Magnetic Resonance (MR) images. There are number of methods already exist for segmentation of brain tumor efficiently. Brain tumor is an mass of tissue in which some cells grow abnormally. The growth of a tumor takes up space within the skull and interferes with normal brain activity. So detection of the tumor is very important in earlier stages. Various techniques were developed for detection of tumor in brain. the brain tumors are detected easily from brain MR image using region based approach but required level of accuracy, abnormalities classification is not predictable. The segmentation of brain tumor consists of many stages. Manually segmenting the tumor from brain MR images is very time consuming hence there exist many challenges in manual segmentation. In this research paper brain tumor detection is implemented by use of c means clustering and also the tumor area is calculated

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MRI Image, Brain Tumor, C-mean, Segmentation.

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Design of vedic multiplier based on fault coverage is proposed. The multiplier is design for 64 bit. The multiplier is design using Urdhava Tiryakbhyam method. In these proposed design fault detection is proposed. The circuit behaviour is check by designing build in self test circuit. The circuit covers all 64 bit fault coverage, which means the circuit shows the status of a multiplier whether it provides correct or incorrect output. The circuit is tested on various input combinations. Those combinations are provided by LFSR. The proposed Vedic multiplier design is tested. The circuit is ready very efficient which can be tested for various multiplier. The ALU is the heart of any processor or the any complex system. To increase the speed of any system, it is required to increase the speed of ALU, but with low power consumption and for that portable life is required .Vedic multiplier gives faster processing speed in terms of array multiplier. VLSI designing techniques are the source to reengineering any digital electronics circuitry. In this paper a low power 64 bit ALU is designed in VHDL.

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Vedic multiplier,Urdhva Tiryakbhyam method, Vedic Mathematics ,64 bit multiplier ,Vedic Mathematics.

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 Abstract

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Audio inpainting , Audio watermarking, Echo Hiding, Cepstrum, Orthogonal Matching Pursuit Algorithm,HAS

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The increasing of a telecommunication network and the huge number of there subscriber has made mobile phone as the important medium for communication. Switching mobile phone brand and updating one with the latest technology in the mobile brand has been on the increasing trend as well. Mobile brand preference could be related to various factors like age group, gender, and price of a phone, family monthly income, mobile usage purpose, brand attributes and many more. This descriptive study is based on purposive sampling through structured questionnaire from the 100 respondent only from Nashik and Malegaon. All respondent mention that they are choice of model majorly depends upon communication & receiving email and SMS service provider. Youth use their handset phones only for 1-2 years because they get attracted to the latest version of mobile phone & new facilities, image & quality. MI and iPhone are the most favorable brand. MI provides good facilities in low cost (Rs.10001-20000) & iPhone is preferred by those who insist for brand image.

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Telecommunication, Brand preference, Brand image

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The feed water storage tanks are containers used to handle fluids which are highly toxic, compressible and which work at high pressures.A pressure vessel is a container designed to hold gases or liquids at apressure substantially different from the ambient pressure.Pressure vessels can be dangerous, and fatal accidents have occurred in the history of their development and operation.Design involves parameters such as maximum safe operating pressure and temperature,safety factor, corrosion allowance and minimum design temperature.This paper contains work done in design,analysis & CFD analysis of pressure vessels to reduce failures in the pressure vessels and study of the parameters such as material selection,operating pressure, temperature,design,analysis etc.The future scope and advancements in pressure vessel design with softwares is also discussed in this review.

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Design,Feed Water Tank,stress analysis, CFD REFERENCES

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 Abstract

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CRM, Banking sector, DM, Loyalty, Retention

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Sentiment analysis, supervised and unsupervised techniques, spreading activation.

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The paper shows the design of decoder for lower leakage current and lower power dissipation is proposed.. In present scenario, power reduction is a major issue in the technology world. The low power design is major issue in high performance digital system, such as microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and other applications. The chip density and higher operating speed leads to the design of very complex chips with high clock frequencies. So designing of low power VLSI circuits is a technological need in these due to the high demand for portable consumer electronics products. These paper describes the various 2:4 decoder. The technique used for the 2:4 decoder are 14 transistor using LP, LPI and 15 transistor HP , HPI are discussed and implemented.

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CMOS,LP, LPI,HP,HPI

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Radio frequency energy transfer and harvesting techniques have recently become alternative methods to power the next generation wireless networks. The global move towards wireless access point (AP) densification has alluded towards the possibility of harvesting the unused ambient RF energy, especially in the ultra wide band (UWB), in order to power useful electronic devices which collectively make up the so called low energy internet of things (LEIoT). The UWB technology has been mainly applied in military (especially radar) appliances and various commercial wireless applications like ad-hoc networking, wireless sensor networks, radio frequency identification (RFID), consumer electronics, location and medical applications. These untapped sources of energy grow more and more as a result of the rapid growth in the wireless communication business hence, there is a need to find a new method and means of collecting the ambient RF energy present in the environment and transforming that energy into electrical power. So backing this need a compact UWB rectenna based RF energy harvester for future internet of things (IoT) is designed. Here a UWB antenna is integrated with rectifier to form the UWB rectenna. The antenna consists of a circular patch embedded with feed line and backed with the defected ground structure (DGS) designed using the EM simulation tool. By proper port matching good return loss is achieved with reasonable gain, diversity, efficiency, VSWR, input impedance and group delay are analysed from the simulated results.

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AP; UWB; LEIoT; rectenna; DGS.

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 Abstract

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Security,Questions,Authentication,AES

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Pounding machines are the machines which are also known as kandap machines. It is used for pounding spices and making powder of grains. Pound means to strike or hit heavily or repeatedly. Generally, power required for pounding machine is about 3 HP at1440 rpm. It is seen from literature review that all the machines consumes more power which is expedient from economy point of view. Hence, this innovative project is under taken to reduce power consumption which is significant. Engine works with the help of inertia effect giving more power than it has consumed. Based on this effect, the engine is connected to an electrical motor which is used to provide an initial start to the perpetual lever engine; thereafter it begins to operate with minimum power due to inertia effect of flywheel. For single pound, approximately 100 rpm is required. By using lever principle and taking help of mechanical advantage, this machine runs on 0.5HP motor. Hence, power required is considerably reduced from 3 HP to 0.5HP. This low power required is further taken from integrated solar panel. This Lever based pounding machine can be used to pound a variety of spices, roots and grains. It is an environment friendly machine which can be easily integrated with both household electricity and solar panels. Unlike conventional Pounding machines which are designed to perform a singular purpose. The lever engine based pounding machine can serve multiple purposes with a low energy input and high efficiency.

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Solar, Pounding, Lever, Mechanical Advantage, Power consumption, Multi purpose

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Digital communication has lot of significance in human life now a days and it is important for communication to be made secret. Today, many applications are internet based and people are relying on social networking sites like facebook,twitter etc. The information is distributed through insecure channels and needs to be protected from unauthorised access and use. Cryptography and steganography are two popular methods used for data protection. The cryptography distorts the data and steganography hides the existence of data. Alone approach of any of these techniques may cause some vulnerabilities.But, cryptography combined with steganography has high standards of securing information. This paper focuses on combination of cryptography and steganography to provide high security for the communication through insecure channels.

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Cryptography, Steganography, hiding information,Security.

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Digital forensics have plenty of applications. Digital evidence in the field of forensic investigation has become very important. There are many issues in dealing with network evidence. As network is volatile in nature it becomes difficult to gather network evidence. Sometimes, such information may change with the time, may be located on server which needs authority to get access or far away from the crime scene. In this paper, a novel methodology is presented to collect network evidence. Precisely, the online services like web pages, chats, photos or videos would be source for collecting information. This method is suitable for both experts and non-experts as it takes user through whole process of obtaining evidences. During this process, the information received from remote source is automatically gathered. This information consists of network packets and any information generated by user. A trusted-third party, works as a digital notary to verify both, obtained evidence and the acquisition process.

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 Keywords

Data Encryption: Code breaking, Data encryption standard (DES), Public key cryptosystems Standards (e.g., DES, PGP, RSA)

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Rice is a staple food source of many Asian countries such as India, Japan and China. Rice is the third-highest worldwide production after sugarcane and maize. Milled rice is produced annually about 480 million metric tons approximately. Mainly two kind of rice is seen. One is brown rice and another is white rice. The name of the milled rice is white rice. WHO says, By consuming white rice, some effects on human health can be seen like increased BMI, hyperlipidemia, and type 2 diabetes are more common. In white rice very small amount of vitamin A is present. This low amount of vitamin A can cause vision problem among children specially. Approximately half of the world population take daily energy from rice grains which have not sufficient levels of micronutrients and vitamins. Normally, they are deficient in iron, zinc and vitamin A. Vitamin A deficiency(VAD) is major health problem among children and pregnant woman. Night blindness and xeropthalmia are more common among children and pregnant woman due to vitamin A deficiencies in white rice. It is one of the main cause of the childhood blindness and morbidity and mortality also occur from infection in children and pregnant woman. Approximately 250 million preschool children suffer for vitamin A deficiencies and higher risk of death is seen due to malaria, measles, and diarrhea. Yearly 250,000 to 500,000 children with vitamin A deficiency become blind half of children dye within a year of losing their vision. golden rice that is genetically modified are contain sufficient amount of vitamin A which is needed for decrease the prevalence of night blindness in children specially. Globally spreading of golden rice is very slow. Asia is also suffered by insufficient spreading of golden rice. Due to insufficient spreading of golden rice across the world, blindness and another vision related problem is seen among pre-school children and pregnant woman specially. The existence, adaptation and cultivation of golden rice is very low. Golden rice 1 and golden rice 2 are sticky and grow specially in the dry land. This two varieties can be modified genetically so easily but this types of genetically modified rice can not perform well in Asian fields. Golden rice is very needed for the general population because it gives supplementary vitamin A and beta carotene which can fulfill the vitamin A requirement Specially vitamin A deficiencies is related to blindness, premature death, and xerophthalmia(thickening on conjunctiva). Golden rice is a kind of rice that is genetically modified and it can be very useful to reduce the vitamin A deficiency globally. New allergen is produced by introducing a gene into a plant of golden rice and can cause an allergic reaction to susceptible individuals. Although besides possible allergy scientists believe that GM foods is good for health. Misconception about golden rice is also present in peoples. For many different factors golden rice has not found onto the market still.

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Golden Rice, vitamin A deficiency, public health

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There is no freedom, no equality, no full human dignity and personhood. Possible for women until they assert and demand control over their own bodies and reproductive process. The right to have an abortion is a matter of individual

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ABORTION TO BE GIVEN AS A RIGHT IN INDIA

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The investment decisions relates to the selection of assets in which funds in the invested by a firm. The financial Decision focused on selection of right assortment of debt and equity in its capital structures. The third decision related to distribution of surpluses that is dividend policy of a firm. The dividend decision is based on success of first two decisions that is Investment and Financing decision. The tool leverage is used in the study to analyse the profitable proceedings of ONGC Ltd.

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ONGC, EPS, Leverage, DFL, DOL.

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