Volume 10 | Issue 2

 Abstract

The high-throughput study of small molecule metabolites in biological matrices is the focus of metabolomics, a rapidly expanding field of omics research. As a result, metabolomics is well situated to be employed in food nutrition and food science research. Technology and databases are the two factors that now limit the potential impact of metabolomics. For metabolite detection and quantification systems to become more accurate, automated, and comprehensive, significant equipment changes are obviously needed. Food quality, monitoring of food intake, food component analysis, physiological supervision in food intercession, food authenticity assessment, and diet challenge research are imperative fields of food science and technology. The study's main emphasis is on metabolomics' present potential future usage and trends.

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Food, Technology, Metabolomics, Analysis, Nutrition, Quality

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A comparative study of the agricultural ideas of Ambedkar and Deendayal

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A comparative study of the agricultural ideas of Ambedkar and Deendayal

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Globalization means entry into the global economy for trade, transaction, investment and employment without any restriction. Any world citizen can import, export, invest and seek employment freely according to one's own choice and ability. Its other companions are liberalization and privatization. Globalization is termed as 'market populism' or 'neolibealism. It means 'privatisation', 'deregulation' and 'liberalization of the national economies in order to promote the allocation of resources by the 'market'.

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GLOBALISATION AND ITS IMPACT ON ECONOMY

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The rapid proliferation of high-bandwidth-consuming applications such as data communication in Local Area Networks (LANs) has heightened the need for highly trustworthy optical transmission media. Optical fibers, especially single-mode-fiber fibers (SMF) and the multimode-fiber (MMF), are the foundation of current fast-paced communication systems. Despite extensive research on long-haul fiber systems, relatively little effort has been put into the systematic performance analysis of single-mode and multimode fibers within LAN-specific operational constraints. This work provides a detailed theoretical and simulation-based study of the SMF and MMF behavior in LAN systems, focusing on the dispersion behavior of the systems, attenuation behavior of the systems, spectral behavior, and integrity of eye diagrams with different transmission distances and data rates. The transmission of optical signals through SMF and MMF through OptSim-based numerical modeling was studied both before and after transmission, and a direct comparison of the bandwidth limitations due to modal and chromatic dispersion was provided. The mathematical modeling of pulse broadening, frequency response degradation, and signal-to-noise behavior was included to determine quantitative performance benchmarks. The findings show that multimode fiber is economical to install in all LAN links with short ranges, but the dispersion of the modes is detrimental to the data rate capabilities of multimode fibers at long distances. In contrast, single-mode fibers have much better dispersion control and spectral stability, allowing for much longer transmission distances and reduced bit-error penalties. These results provide vital information for optimal fiber choice and network design in LAN structures and present a solid theoretical framework for the automated planning of optical networks.

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Single-mode fiber; Multimode fiber; Local Area Network; Optical dispersion; Attenuation; Eye-diagram analysis; Optical spectrum; Fiber-optic communication

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Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems are widely used in industrial environments to ensure efficient monitoring and control of critical processes. This paper presents a SCADA Oriented Embedded Monitoring System using LPC2148, aimed at providing a reliable and cost-effective alternative to conventional PLC-based SCADA solutions. The proposed system employs the LPC2148 ARM7 microcontroller as the core processing unit for real-time data acquisition and control. Various industrial sensors are interfaced to continuously monitor parameters such as voltage, current, temperature, and load conditions. The acquired data is processed locally and transmitted to a centralized SCADA system through serial communication. The system supports real-time visualization, alarm generation, and historical data analysis through a Human Machine Interface (HMI). Embedded control logic ensures rapid response during abnormal operating conditions, enhancing system safety and reliability. The modular hardware and software architecture allows easy scalability and integration with existing industrial infrastructure. Experimental implementation validates the accuracy of sensor data and the stability of communication with the SCADA interface. Results indicate reduced system complexity and lower deployment cost compared to traditional solutions. The proposed system is suitable for power monitoring, industrial automation, and remote supervisory applications.

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SCADA, LPC2148, Embedded Monitoring System, ARM7, Industrial Automation, Real-Time Data Acquisition.

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Humans often initiate a new age when they discover methods to enhance convenience and enjoyment in existence. There is an increasing need for approaches capable of autonomously analysing audio material, including auditory event identification for assessing object distance, depth, and the elevation of wells and valleys. This is due to the growing significance of audio information within the extensive array of digital material accessible today. Sound waves serve as an illustration of a non-stationary process. This study aims to illustrate the methodology for measuring the distance between two unidentified objects using the principles of sound wave physics. We used estimated sound waves segmented by pyAudio Analysis to ascertain basic frequencies. Utilizing digital signal processing and machine learning, we can filter signals derived from eco-sound wave observations. Digital signal processing is a commonly used technique for segmentation, since it can differentiate between desirable echoes, noise, and silence. Further signal processing is necessary to align and convert the data into a time-frequency graph. Achieving the utmost accuracy is essential, since the selection of the fundamental frequency occurs on a frame-by-frame basis. This paper presents a summary and analysis of the approach for audio segmentation and fundamental frequency signal prediction.

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DSP, Machine learning, Sound wave, PyAudio Analysis, audio segmentation

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India's building sector is one of the fastest growing in the world due to rapid urbanization, infrastructure investment and housing demand. However, construction and demolition (C&D) waste has remained poorly quantified and weakly regulated as a consequence of this expansion. The construction sector contributes about 25% of the total solid waste stream. When demolition, redevelopment and infrastructure works are fully accounted for, the annual C&D waste generation may reach hundreds of millions of metric tonnes. In India, only a small proportion of C&D waste is converted into secondary raw material. Most construction debris is informally dumped along roadsides, in drains, on riverbanks, or co-disposed with municipal solid waste at open dumps and landfills, leading to dust emissions, urban blight, traffic disruption and encroachment on ecological assets. To address this, the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change has created a dedicated national regulatory framework. This paper provides a structured, narrative review of construction waste management in India based on peer-reviewed articles, technical reports, guidelines and fact sheets published up to February 22, 2022. Evidence on the magnitude and composition of C&D waste, the evolution of the regulatory and institutional framework, existing practices and technologies, and the socio-economic and behavioural barriers that limit effective management are synthesised. The paper proposes an integrated set of interventions to move Indian construction towards a circular economy, in which waste prevention, reuse and high-quality recycling are systematically embedded into planning, design and execution

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Construction and demolition waste, C&D waste, recycling, circular economy, India, environmental regulation, urban infrastructure.

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This paper explores the theoretical foundations of Jacques Derrida's deconstruction, situating it within the intellectual contexts of postmodernism and poststructuralism. It examines the critical departure from structuralism and the philosophical stakes of Derrida's intervention. By focusing on the early formulations of deconstruction, this article aims to demonstrate the significance of Derrida's critique of Western metaphysics and its implications for contemporary theory.

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Derrida, Deconstruction, Postmodernism, Poststructuralism, Logocentrism

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India is one of the top twelve most biodiverse nations in the world. India is home to some of the most ecologically varied ecosystems on Earth. The term ''biodiversity'' is used to describe a large range of organisms. The term ''biodiversity'' refers to the wide range of living forms found on Earth, including both land and sea creatures. For the purpose of conservation of biodiversity, we mean the management of human influence on the biosphere in a manner that maximises benefits to present generations while conserving its ability to meet the needs and aspirations of future generations. The Convention on Biological Diversity, which all signatory nations are bound to by law, is briefly summarised in this article. On top of that, India is one of the signatories to this agreement. The objectives of this conference are the preservation of biological variety, the responsible use of its parts, and the equal sharing of the advantages that result from the use of genetic resources. This biodiversity pact is like the holy book for the Indian government when it comes to implementing rules and regulations. This page provides a thorough analysis of the biodiversity conservation laws in India. Also discussed in this research is the role of the courts in upholding the Biological Diversity Act of 2002's mandate to safeguard biodiversity.

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Biodiversity, Conservation, Convention, Implementation

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Accounttakeoverfraudrepresentsasignificantthreattoonlinesecurity,leadingtofinancial losses and reputational damage for both individuals and organizations. As cyber threats become increasingly sophisticated, traditional security measures have proven insufficient in combating these sophisticated attacks and using Artificial Intelligence (AI) in fraud detection has gained prominence. AI systems can analyze vast amounts of data to identify patterns and anomalies indicative of fraudulent activities. However, these systems are not without challenges.This paper explores how Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) address these challenges by leveraging advanced analytics to detect anomalies and predict fraudulent activities. While AI- driven systems significantly enhance detection capabilities, they also present challenges such as false positives, data dependency, and ethical concerns. This study offers a comprehensive exploration of AI's role in fraud detection, mitigation strategies, and emerging trends shaping the future of account security.

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Cyber Security, Account Takeover, Digital Fraud Detection,Machine Learning, Technology Modernization, Digital Transformation, Information Security, Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA), Threat Intelligence, Data Protection, Encryption, Continuous Monitoring, Identity Verification

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The trend of delaying marriage is rapidly increasing. The Indian institution of marriage has changed significantly, especially in the past 50 years. People are becoming less aware of the strict customs and standards surrounding marriage these days. We are seeing a rise in the number of singles or unmarried people, as well as an increase in the age at which people marry. Being single has replaced the system of marriage. The experience of being single differs for male and female due to the societal construction of gender. Given this context, the present study compares the problems, difficulties, challenges and social stigma that single male and female encounter on a daily basis.

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Single male, Single female, Problems, Difficulties, Challenges and Social stigma.

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C The health and productivity of bee colonies are critical to global ecosystems and agriculture, yet traditional beekeeping methods often lack timely and accurate data on hive conditions. BeeAware is an innovative IoT-based hive health monitoring system designed to provide real-time insights into beehive conditions through a combination of environmental and hive-specific sensors. The system integrates a DHT11 sensor to monitor temperature and humidity, an LDR sensor to measure ambient light levels, a rain sensor to detect precipitation, a weight sensor to track hive population and honey production, and a syrup level sensor to monitor the availability of supplemental feeding. These sensors are interfaced with a Raspberry Pi, acting as the central microcontroller for data collection and transmission. The entire setup is powered sustainably using a 12V solar panel coupled with a 12V battery and a 12V to 5V DC converter, ensuring uninterrupted operation even in remote apiary locations. Data collected is processed and can be visualized via an IoT dashboard, enabling beekeepers to make informed decisions regarding hive management, detect early signs of colony stress, and optimize productivity. BeeAware represents a scalable, energy-efficient solution for modern apiculture, promoting bee health through continuous, remote monitoring.

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IoT, Beehive Monitoring, Raspberry Pi, DHT11 Sensor, LDR Sensor, Rain Sensor, Weight Sensor, Syrup Level Sensor, Solar Powered System, 12V Battery, DC-DC Converter, Smart Beekeeping, Hive Health Monitoring, Environmental Sensors, Remote Sensing, Precision Apiculture.

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Indian Writing in English (IWE) has undergone a profound transformation over the past century, and one of the most defining features of this evolution is the rise and eventual dominance of women writers. Once peripheral to India's postcolonial literary canon, women authors now occupy central positions in both national and international literary spaces. Writers such as Anita Desai, Shashi Deshpande, Arundhati Roy, Kiran Desai, Jhumpa Lahiri, Kamala Das, and Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni have not only redefined the thematic boundaries of Indian literature but also reshaped its form, language, and critical ethos. This paper explores the trajectory of Indian women writers in English, examining their thematic concerns, literary innovations, and sociocultural impact. Their dominance is not simply a matter of publication or recognition-it is a sustained reclamation of narrative voice, identity, and space in a domain historically governed by patriarchal ideologies.

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Reclamation of Voice and Identity

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A significant number of Internet of Things (IoT) deployments are really making it possible for Smart City projects and efforts to be implemented all over the globe. Electronic devices and protocol suites are being installed in everyday objects in order to make them networked and connected to the Internet. This is being done in order to make the objects more useful. A research that was conducted by Gartner not so long ago found that by the year 2020, smart cities would have installed fifty billion linked items. Smart cities will be created via the use of these linked items. On the other hand, they will also introduce hazards and concerns over privacy. Not only have we observed the anticipated advantages, but we have also witnessed the hazards that have been introduced as a result of the many smart city programs and projects that have been implemented in recent years. There has been a description of the existing and future tendencies of smart cities in relation to the Internet of Things. Additionally, the link between Internet of Things and smart cities was examined. It has been stated what the driving forces are behind the emergence and development of smart cities and the Internet of Things. Finally, the shortcomings of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the ways in which they might be remedied when used to smart cities have been highlighted.

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Case Study, IoT Technologies, Smart City, Application.

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ABSTRACT: (After centuries, by the grace of God, a true man emerges, just as a Bayazid was born in Khorasan or an Owais in Qarn.)The atrocities of the Tatars and Hulagu, the sectarian animosity of the Safavids, the friendship of the Mughals with knowledge and excellence, the magnetic nature of the Indian subcontinent, and the hollow and barren humanity of Arabs and Persians compelled hundreds of scholars, Sufis, dervishes, artisans, and noble families to migrate. Among them was Qari Amir Saif al-Din Alavi Qadri and his son Qari Sheikh Nizam al-Din Bhikhari, may peace be upon him, who entered the region of Kakori in Awadh during the era of Humayun, traveling through various districts of India, and settled here with their entire family.

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KEYWORDS: Owais in Qarn, Magnetic Nature, Humanity of Arabs and Persians

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Human rights are rights inherent to all human beings, whatever our nationality, place of residence, sex, national or ethnic origin, race, religion, language, or another status. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) was adopted by the General Assembly on 10th December 1948. It consists of a Preamble and 30 Articles dealing with civil, economic, social, political and cultural rights. Indian Constitution is the largest written Constitution in the world, recognized as the supreme law of the land, which provides various Human rights for all the citizens and envisions a framework for the protection and promotion of the right to education. This Constitution was adopted on 26th November 1949 and came into effect on 26th January 1950, which contains a Preamble, six Fundamental Rights in Part III and some Directive Principles of State Policy in Part IV. The fundamental objective of this paper is to examine the Constitutional provisions related to Human Rights and the legal foundation of the Right to Education in India.

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Human Rights, Right to Education, Indian Constitution, Constitutional Provisions

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The Indian economy has experienced an unexpected shock since the start of the Covid-19 pandemic. Before COVID-19 hit, the economy was already in a terrible situation. The economy is anticipated to experience a prolonged period of decline due to the extended nationwide lockdown, the global economic collapse, and the resulting disruption of supply networks and demand. The length and intensity of the health crisis, the length of the lockdown, and how things develop after the lockdown is removed will all affect how much of an economic impact there will be. This article outlines the pre-Covid-19 state of the Indian economy, evaluates the shock's possible effects on different economic sectors, examines the measures the central government and Reserve Bank of India have so far announced to mitigate the economic shock, and offers a set of policy recommendations for particular industries.

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COVID-19, RBI, Lockdown, sector, slowdown, impact, measures

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Recent years have seen a significant increase in interest in the photochemistry of the azo (-N=N-) group due to its photodynamic features associated with the reversible trans-cis-trans isomerization cycle. The research investigates the effect of different substituents on aniline yellow dye in trans and cis forms. The best derivatives (AYC1/AYT1) are further explored with a graphyne sheet. The research gives valuable results and might be useful for photoswitching molecules. Method The structural, and electronic properties and UV-Vis absorption behavior of derivatives were examined by the computational analysis such as Density Functional theory (DFT), time-dependent DFT (Gaussian), and density of states (DOS). Additionally, utilizing molecular dynamics (MD) simulations (GROMACS) to explore the interactions between the graphyne and the isomers (E and Z) of aniline yellow

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Density functional theory, Azo compounds, Aniline yellow, Photoswitching, Molecular dynamics

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Sentiment analysis, commonly known as opinion mining, has emerged as a crucial aspect of Natural Language Processing (NLP), particularly in analyzing consumer feedback. This study investigates a variety of advanced techniques and methodologies employed in the sentiment analysis of online product reviews. We explore several approaches, including feature-wise sentiment analysis, aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA), and innovative implementations of deep learning and machine learning techniques such as BERT-based sentiment analysis, document-level sentiment assessment, and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) combined with ABSA. These methodologies aim to accurately capture sentiments, classify sentiment polarity, recognize sarcasm, and analyze the specific aspects and features highlighted in customer reviews. Through a rigorous evaluation of these techniques, we demonstrate their efficacy in precisely categorizing sentiments and extracting meaningful insights from customer opinions. The findings of this research significantly advance the field of sentiment analysis across various applications, including online product evaluations, restaurant assessments, mobile app feedback, and broader customer opinion analysis. By leveraging sentiment analysis, organizations can make data-driven decisions, refine their product strategies, and enhance customer satisfaction. This study underscores the importance of integrating multiple input techniques to enrich sentiment analysis capabilities. The key terms associated with this research include sentiment analysis, opinion mining, online product reviews, feature-wise sentiment analysis, ABSA, deep learning, machine learning, BERT, document-level sentiment analysis, CNN, and customer feedback analysis. In every pandemic that humans have faced, there are no effective and efficient applications for detecting face masks, which are highly required for transportation facility, densely populated areas, large- scale industries, and other organizations to ensure safety. During pandemic times, the people are advised to wear a face mask in the public place and wherever they meet with other people. However, the authorities are facing some challenges in monitoring a huge population with a different habit. The government requires an efficient solution which will validly manage the execution of the law, which sets up with the availability of the data rapidly and accurately. Face mask detection is a systematic procedure of finding whether a person is sporting a mask or not. Actually, the model uses reverse engineering technique of face detection where the face is detected using numerous machine learning algorithms for the purpose of security, verification, and surveillance. This Python training model for face mask detector, accepts the input datasets, loads the images, and pre-processes the images, and labels them using TensorFlow and Keras modules. Using your webcam, the system developed applies face mask detection correctly to each frame in the live video stream. Then the system will detect who is wearing mask and who is not wearing mask in real-time video stream using a webcam.

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Integrated Framework, Ensemble Learning, Feature Analysis, Speech Processing, Multimodal Learning, Pattern Recognition.

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 Abstract

Mahabharate Rajasuya Yaagasya Prasthavana-Ekam Pariseelanam

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Mahabharate Rajasuya Yaagasya Prasthavana-Ekam Pariseelanam

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