Volume 6 | Issue 2

 Abstract

Glaucoma is the major cause of blindness in working population. Glaucoma is characterized by increased intra-ocular pressure inside the eye leading to changes in the optic disc and optic nerve. It does not reveal its symptoms until later stage. Hence, regular screening of the patients is required to identify the disease, thus demanding high labor, time and expertise. Thus, computational techniques are sought for their analysis. In existing system work involves segmentation of blood vessels, segmentation of optic disc through proposed maximum voting of three segmentation algorithms (K-Means, Wavelet and Histogram based), segmentation of optic cup through intensity thresholding, feature extraction from these segmented structures, feature selection to identify significant features, hybrid model involving Naive Bayes to remove noise in data followed by ensemble classification of Reduced Error Pruning Tree. The proposed framework is evaluated on HRF image data set. The data set consists of 30 images, out of which 15 are normal images and 15 are Glaucoma affected images. The implementation of the proposed work was done through Matlab 2013a. The result of first project is efficiency of optic disc segmentation. Then, results show the Glaucoma detection without eliminating instance with AN-fish algorithm. Then the classification accuracy obtained after eliminating instances through AN-fish are reported. The SVM classification results are reported on features with and without feature selection.

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 Keywords

Glaucoma, segmentation, optic disc, HRF image, classification.

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ABSTRACT Object: To determine the role and significance of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in defining the etiology and severity of epilepsy. Methods and material The study population included the patients who were referred to the Department of Radio diagnosis with the complaint of Epilepsy. MRI of 1.5T Philips Achieva Nova was used. This study was an observational study on these patients which was a prospective observational study conducted on epilepsy patients. Plain and contrast MRI were performed to confirm the diagnosis. Results: The role of MRI as a very important imaging tool in Epilepsy patients owing to its property of excellent soft tissue contrast. Different sequences and variety of recent advances e.g. Diffusion weighted imaging however CT scan plays very important role as a diagnostic imaging modality especially in patients with epilepsy. MRI plays a very important role in hippocampus sclerosis with the help of epilepsy protocol. Conclusion: CT scan has got very important role as a diagnostic imaging modality in seizure patients. MR imaging provides adjuvant role in imaging of patients where CT scan was normal or is not able to provide a definitive diagnosis. MRI technique with epilepsy protocol gives best result in hippocampus sclerosis.

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MRI, Epilepsy protocol, Hippocampus sclerosis

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One of the modern medical application is the ability to synthesize nonribosomally bioactive peptides and ketides from widely spread cyanobacteria. Which are cyclic or branched cyclic compounds containing non-proteinogenic amino acids, small heterocyclic rings and other usual modification in the peptide backbone. They are synthesized by multimodular enzymes from simple building blocks. The key principle is to study NRPS and PKS enzymes unveiled by Biochemical and Genetic Studies. This review focuses on how bioinformatics tools and software were used to predict the enzyme, substrate and structure of an individual compound.

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NRPS, PKS, Cyanobacteria, Cyanotoxins, Secondary Metabolites.

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Automatic Gear Transmission System, Similitude between AT and AMT, Strategy of Shifting of gear.

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Academic Libraries, Electronic Magazines, Awareness and Trends, Future perspective, Users Study.

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We are all well know about how difficult to start an enterprise in our nation, but while running a business as a womanexpression and follows many business ethics and taking more and more risk. Hence the researcher determining and discussing about the problems and risk-taking factors in an enterprise, managerial tactics to run the business.Statement of the problem If, females are more ethical than males, as the literature on the subject generally suggests, engaging and encouraging females in their careers would certainly promote an ethical environment and business risks. The researcher made some objectives are to study business ethics and risk management techniques of women entrepreneurs and the second one is suggestions for managing risk and business ethics of women entrepreneurs.Scope of the Study relates to the Risk Management and business ethics of Women Entrepreneurs in India.

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Risk Management, Business Ethics, Women Entrepreneurs, Problems

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Several biometrics like face, iris, retina, etc., are used in rendering security to the information or key. Instead of using PINs and passwords as Crypto-Keys that are either easy to forget or vulnerable to dictionary attacks, easy-to-carry and difficult-to-transfer keys can be generated based on user-specific biometric information. In this paper, a framework is proposed to generate stable Crypto-Keys from biometric data that is unstable in nature. The proposed framework differs from prior work in that user-dependent transforms are utilized to generate more compact and distinguishable features. Thereby, a longer and stable bitstream can be generated as the Crypto-Key. Experiments are performed on one face database to verify the feasibility of the proposed framework. The preliminary result is very encouraging. The generation of Crypto-Key from biometrics is used generally to secure the system. This paper examines the possibility of using biometric attribute to overcome common problems in having a single biometric scheme for authentication. Here key generated by using Face biometric factors. Crypto-Key is an important entity in this process. In general, randomly generated Crypto-Key (of 256 bits) is difficult to remember. However, such a key needs to be stored in a protected place or transported through a shared communication line which, in fact, poses another threat to security. As an alternative to this, researchers advocate the generation of Crypto-Key using the biometric traits of both sender and receiver during the sessions of communication, thus avoiding key storing and at the same time without compromising the strength in security. Elements of combined template are shuffled using shuffle key and hash of the shuffled template generates a unique session key.In this paper, we first propose a simple and effective protocol to securely share such crypto-biometric keys. Moreover, we propose another protocol to generate and share session keys which are valid for only one communication session. This protocol achieves mutual authentication between the client and the server without the need of trusted third party certificates. This protocol also facilitates easy online updating of templates. For experimentation,We have tested our work using the face images from publicly available face databases, protocols are evaluated for biometric verification performance on a subset of the NIST-FRGCv2 face database

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Biometrics, DNA, Face, Fingerprint, , Hand geometry, Iris, Retina, Crypto-Key

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 Abstract

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Adaptive filters, LMS algorithm, FIR Filters, ECG, MATLAB etc.

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The detection of vehicles has been receiving attention in the computer vision community because vehicles are such a significant part of our life. Everyone knows how much amount of traffic increases on the road day by day. To control and managing the large amount of traffic in urban areas, the vehicle detection is a very important technique for analyzing and detecting different types of vehicles on the road which is very helpful for the traffic department for recognizing and monitoring the vehicles, intelligent parking system, prevention and investigation of accidental activities. This paper presents a study on vehicle detection. Also, various techniques used to detect vehicles are discussed in this paper and a survey based on vehicle detection is performed.

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Vehicle detection, traffic surveillance, knowledge based method, motion based method, wavelet based method.

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The most widely used modulation technique for wireless communications is Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). To provide high data rates OFDM uses parallel data transmission system is used. Digital modulation techniques contribute in our mobile wireless communications by increasing the capacity, speed as well as the quality of the wireless network.We find the a simple OFDM system , find the relation between Eb/No (Bit to Noise ratio) and Es/No (Signal to Noise ratio) and compute the bit error rate with BPSK.

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The most widely used modulation technique for wireless communications is Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). To provide high data rates OFDM uses parallel data transmission system is used. Digital modulation techniques contribute in our mobile wireless communications by increasing the capacity, speed as well as the quality of the wireless network.We find the a simple OFDM system , find the relation between Eb/No (Bit to Noise r

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The main component of an automobile is its engine cylinder which is subjected to high thermal stresses. In order to relieve the thermal stresses and to cool the engine cylinder to its optimum temperature fins are provided on the surface of the cylinder to increase the heat transfer rate by increasing its surface area. The aim of this paper presentation is to analyze the thermal properties of fin by varying its fin geometry such as rectangular, curved and taper fin along with variable fin material using SOLIDWORKS to design 3D model and ANSYS workbench for carrying out thermal analysis. The variation of temperature gradient over time is of interest in many applications such as in cooling. The accuracy of thermal simulation could permit critical design parameters to be identified for improved life. Aluminium Alloy 2014 & 6061 are the recent material used for manufacturing cylinder fin body which has thermal conductivity of 110 & 170 W/mk respectively and presently analysis is carried out for cylinder fins using this material.

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IoT, food,Android application

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Thisprojectisintroducedfordetectionofvehicle number plate and generating fine for the same. It is based on ImageProcessing.Inthisprojectanimageofavehiclenumber plateiscapturedusinganandroidapplicationwhichisparked in a no parking zone. After capturing the image this number plate is detected using Edge detection algorithm. Once the number plate is detected it then starts with character recognition using K-nearest neighbor algorithm. Once the charactersare recognized itthen compares withthedatabase oftheserverandmatchthefoundnumberwiththenumber present in the database. As the match is foundit then send the message to the vehicle owner with aspecific amount of fine to be paid. This project is done to elude the clerical work and makingthesystemdigitalandalsodiminishthehumanefforts.

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K-nearest neighbor, Image Processing, Character Recognition, Edge Detection.

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Human race is entering into a world of Internet of things (IoT) where devices in the network communicate and share data to make our life simpler and faster. This paper is discussion on IoT, review of applications of IoT where we can manage our home, health care, travel, shopping and offices

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IoT; Applications of IoT; study of IoT

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There has been a rise in the usage of low powered portable electronic devices in the last decade. Use of these devices has eased our daily lives to a great extent. Due to increase in power consumption of these portable devices, the concept of generating alternative renewable energy arise a new interest.For an alternate method to generate electricity there are number of methods by which electricity can be produced, out if such methods piezoelectric generation can be an effective method to generate electricity. This project makes use of the piezoelectric concept which states that mechanical energy can be converted to electrical energy when the piezoelectric material is subjected to external pressure, for example walking. Walking is the most common activity in human life. When a person walks, he loses energy to the surface in the form of impact or vibration due to the transfer of his weight on to the surface, through foot falls on the ground during every step. This energy can be tapped and converted in the usable form such as in electrical form. This device, if embedded in the shoe, can convert foot impact energy into electrical form. This project represents a piezoelectric energy generating model.

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renewable energy, piezoelectric energy,electrical energy

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Curing of concrete means maintaining optimum moisture content in concrete during its early stages in order to attain the desired characteristic properties. Proper curing is not possible in many cases due to human negligence, inaccessibility of structures and in areas where fluoride presence is more in water. This investigation is aimed to utilize the benefits of both self-curing as well as self- compacting. The present investigation involves the use of self-curing agent viz., polyethylene glycol (PEG) of molecular weight 4000 (PEG 4000) for dosages ranging between 0.1 to 1% by weight of cement added to mixing water. Two mixes with different w/c ratio were considered in the investigation. Workability tests i.e. slump flow, T50, V-funnel, J-ring, L-box were conducted on the fresh concrete whereas water retention and compressive strength were evaluated to determine the properties of hardened concrete. Comparative studies were carried out for water retention and compressive strength for conventional SCC and self-cured SCC. The compressive strength of self-cured SCC are comparable with traditional cured specimens at lower w/c ratio whereas does not provide satisfactory results at higher w/c ratio.

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curing, Hydration, polyethylene glycol (PEG), water retention, compressive strength, Sprinkler curing

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 Abstract

The main objective of this project presents an idea to secure the border in a simple and more reliable way, the proposed idea has a simple design and has a very high range, it covers a very large border area securing the border area from illegal entries, smuggling, and illegal movement of weapon without much involvement of security forces near border. After analysing the previous attack in our country and the number of accidents happening each year, it is evident that in most of the cases the security force are unaware of the entry of these terrorist hence in order to protect our nation from Such attacks and terrorist activity there is a need to implement a security system which will be smart enough to detect these activities and give proper information about each and every activity happening near the border. In this project, we propose building a security system that can be implemented by using advance feature like obstacle detection, obstacle identification, distance sensing and activity tracking, and quick communication between the source area and control room. If obstacle enters the border it automatically detects the obstacle give warnings and sends the record of activity to control room. Also it eliminates the enemy in more efficient and better way. This project is all about dealing with enemy in more efficient and smarter way using various sensors at border which are highly sensitive to detect, warn, & fire. In this project we are implementing a robust mechanism along with an extreme electronics ideas to deal with an challenges across the border in more accurate maner. Also actual implementation of such security system will secure the life of our solders and avoide the human interface for border petroling.

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secure, border,petroling,

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the primary function of Tie rod is to keep the wheel in aligned position and to transmit the motion. Structural performance of any mechanical component is measured basically in terms of its deformation stress stiffness, natural frequency, fatigue life etc. In this paper FEA analysis is used to check stress and deformation of Tie rod .When steering turn the vehicle, tie rod mostly comes under compressive load and when vehicle running on rough road there is fluctuating forces which act on the Tie rod. in this paper static analysis is done.

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Static Analysis of Tie Rod using Ansys.

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This paper describes design and construction of a PELTIER AIR CONDITIONER with a table fan (400mm). The Peltier Tile was equipped with heat sink which was found to be Adequate to meet the required precision of +/- 20 degrees Celsius put forth in the project requirements. One litre of water was placed inside the tank to test the Performance of the device which was then passed into the Copper tube coiled on table fan. We tested the maximum Performance of the device by cooling air down to -3 degrees Celsius from ambien .We have also tested condition of air by Switching off the peltier system

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Refrigeration, Thermoelectric system, Peltier effect.

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This Reasearch paperinvestigates theeffect of wind lensewhich is shrouded diffuser with brim ringat the outlet. The purpose of adding this diffuser-ring configuration is to increase the extractable power of thewind approaching the wind turbine. The essential concept used is enhancing the possibility of the free stream velocity at the rotor in order to extract much larger power by increased velocity at the rotor. This is due to a low-pressure region behind the brim, due to a strong vortex formation, which drew more mass flow to the wind turbine inside the diffuser shroud. A computational study has been carried out in order to assess the effect of brim size and position of the throat on the increase in velocity of the wind.

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Wind Turbine, Wind Lense, diffuser, Brim, Power Augmentation.

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