Volume 7 | Issue 1

 Abstract

Nowadays, the primary computer device is a mobile phone. People are often requesting more resources than a mobile device can provide. To counteract this, a mobile device needs get assistance from an outside source. One of such channels is cloud computing. The emergence of mobile cloud computing and its potential development are discussed in this essay on cloud computing. It compares the ideas of mobile cloud computing and cloud computing, as well as their features, benefits, implementations, implementation issues, potential solutions, future scope, and analysis.

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Mobile Cloud Computing; Mobile Computing; Cloud Computing; Research Directions

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In this paper we present some approaches of methods in multi-objective linear programming in different field of Integer programming the basis concept of these available exact methods.

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Multi-Objective Integer Linear Programming, Optimization Techniques

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Ayurveda, which means the science of life and is a medicinal system in India, derives from the words "aye," which means life, and "veda," which means to know. In 1930, Mr. Manal founds the Himalaya Pharmaceutical Company. A few years later, his older brother Mr. Misal joined him, and the two of them began expanding the business. An trade or transaction meant to satiate human needs or wants is at the heart of marketing. In other words, marketing is an activity carried out by people to fulfil their needs and desires through an exchange process. A demand is a wish that the customer is willing to spend money for. Anything or a service that a consumer wants or seeks is considered a want. When supported by the ability to purchase, desires become demands. A needs is anything the consumer feels to keep himself alive and healthy.Thisrange offers the goodnessof naturalsolutions for daily use,withnosideeffects. Personal care products is one of the very essential and common use consumer products foreveryindividualintheirdayto daylifeirrespectiveofrichandpoor, casteandreligion, etc.,inorder to facilitatethepresentstudyfirstofallitwillbebenefitforustohaveabirdseyesinviewofHimalayaherbalmarket in Coimbatorecity.

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A REVIEW ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION WITH HIMALAYA PRODUCTS, PREFERRING PARTICULAR CITIES

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Dysgraphia is a condition that affects writers' ability. Identification of dysgraphia at an early stage of a child's development is a difficult task. It may very easily be identified using challenging skills associated to the Dysgraphia issue. Space knowledge, copying skills, and Visual Spatial Response are some of the elements used in this review engine capacity for Dysgraphia identifiable evidence. Using an element selection technique, the factors influencing dysgraphia inability is examined EN (Elastic Net). AI tactics are used to organize the crucial provisions. On the Dysgraphia dataset, the models considered in this sequence are KNN (K-Nearest Neighbors), Naive Bayes, Decision tree, Random Forest, and SVM (Support Vector Machine). Results demonstrate the best of the Random woodland arrangement model for Dysgraphia recognizable proof.

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Dysgraphia, Learning hardships, Machine Learning.

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Credit card theft has increased as e-commerce has expanded. Banks are having a harder time identifying credit card fraud as a result of the industry's explosive growth. One of the most crucial tasks that machine learning performs in preventing credit card fraud is the identification of fraudulent purchases. Banks estimate these types of transactions using a range of machine learning techniques, building on historical data and adding special characteristics to boost prediction accuracy. The strategy for sampling the data set, the choice of variables, and the detection process are all crucial to the effectiveness of credit card fraud detection. The usefulness of decision trees, random forests, and logistic regression in identifying credit card fraud is examined in this study. A dataset of 2, 84,808 credit card transactions from a European bank collected using kaggle. It defines fraudulent transactions as "positive class" and valid purchases as "negative class," but the data set is considerably skewed, with just about 0.172% being fraudulent and the rest being legitimate because to the author's frame interpolation efforts, the dataset now contains 60% fraudulent and 40% valid transactions. The dataset is subjected to each of the three approaches, and the output code is written in the programming R. Several metrics, including as sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and error rate, are utilized to analyze the efficacy of the approaches in relation to the aforementioned criteria. The accuracy of the logistic regression, decision tree, and random forest classifiers was 90.0, 94.3, and 95.5%, respectively. When evaluated to logistic regression and decision trees, the Random forest outperforms both.

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EFFECTIVE DETECTION OF CREDIT CARD FRAUD USING LOGISTIC REGRESSION, DECISION TREE AND MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES

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Wireless Sensor Networks are usually composed of a lot of distributed sensor nodes that organize themselves into a multi-hop wireless network. Several of the main problems in wireless sensor networks are actually energy usage, lack of authentication data integrity as well as instability of load link between sensor nodes which brings down the acceptance of the sensor network. The latest communications in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have a lot of new energy-efficient protocols especially designed, in which energy recognition is actually an important concern. Inside WSNs, many small sensor nodes are utilized as a good means of data collecting in a variety of environments. Since the sensor nodes run on the battery of power that is restricted, it's an excellent demanding goal to develop an energy-efficient routing protocol, which may lessen the delay while providing long span and high energy efficiency of network lifetime. Our proposed item is actually improved from LEACH protocol by adapting node scheduling program (active and sleep) in heterogeneous and homogeneous node topologies of WSNs, which yield better performance in energy saving and then improved network lifetime. The work carried out is presented in this thesis will be based on simulations of newly designed routing protocols, from the key routing protocol of clustering based hierarchical, routing protocol namely called LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy). Simulations allow for more aspects to be evaluated and more parameter values to be investigated, than what would be possible using real applications in real wireless sensor networks. Nevertheless, the accuracy of every simulation is dependent on the accuracy of the simulation models used in the developed routing protocols

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Leach Algorithm, Energy Efficient Routing, Wireless Sensor Networks, energy efficiency etc.

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 Abstract

Sarv Skihsa Abhiyan

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Sarv Skihsa Abhiyan

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In past few years, the world has experienced a high rise in the market of poultry industry. This industry has added a non degradable feather waste to the environment on very large scale. This feather is even not degraded by the enzymes such as Trypsin and Pepsin and has become a global issue. Use of microorganisms in feather degradation is a trending and eco-friendly solution. The ultimate aim of the current study was to degrade feather using keratinolytic bacteria. Bacteria were isolated and screened from the soil samples collected from the dumping yards of chicken shops, poultry farm and feather waste collected areas. Total 68 different bacterial isolates were isolated and checked for their potential to degrade feather waste. Among them isolate C1B is gram positive, rod shaped, endospore forming bacterial species , morphological and biochemical identification showed that isolate C1B was Bacillus species. It was found that the bacterium had the efficiency of degrading 84.5% of feather within 72h. The bacteria used feather keratin as a principal source of carbon, nitrogen, sulphur and energy. The present study would highlight the degradation of feather waste using bacteria.

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Poultry Industry, Feather Waste, Waste Degradation, Bacteria, Keratin.

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Machine learning, Heart Disease, Decision Tree, Naive Bayes, Neural Network, Deep Learning and SVM.

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This paper examines the emergence of algorithmic collusion in digital markets using game-theoretic frameworks. With the rise of algorithm-driven pricing by firms such as Amazon and Uber, traditional models of competition are being challenged. The study applies repeated game theory and Nash equilibrium concepts to show how algorithms can sustain tacit collusion without explicit communication. The findings suggest that algorithmic pricing can lead to higher prices and reduced competition, raising concerns for regulators. Policy implications highlight the need for updated antitrust frameworks. The rapid adoption of algorithmic pricing in digital markets has raised significant concerns for competition policy. The analysis shows that repeated interactions and data-driven learning enable firms to reach collusive outcomes without direct communication.

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Algorithmic Collusion, Game Theory, Digital Markets, Pricing Algorithms, Tacit Collusion.

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Mikhail Mikhailovich Bakhtin was a Russian literary theorist and philosopher. Bakhtin introduced the concepts of dialogism, heteroglossia, discourse and the carnivalesque in prose narratives. According to Bakhtin, the characteristic feature of prose that distinguishes it from poetry is its “possibility of employing on the plane of a single work discourses of various types, with all their expressive capacities intact, without reducing them to a common denominator” (PDP 200). Hence the author of prose narratives is confronted with voices of several people “among which he must orient himself” (PDP 201). He argues that language is shaped by its social context and by the “voices” of diverse social groups and individuals (heteroglossia), and that it always anticipates future utterances making language inherently “dialogic.” Bakhtin countered the prevailing “monologic” approaches to literary study by introducing a “dialogic” approach to literature. By “discourse,” Bakhtin means the language in use which is shaped through interaction with other social voices.

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Dialogism, monologic, discourse, single voiced discourse, double voiced discourse

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Tasawwuf (Islamic mysticism) represents the ethical and spiritual core of Islam, emphasizing moral refinement, inner transformation, and experiential consciousness of the Divine. While modern scholarship often approaches Islam through legal, political, or ideological lenses, Tasawwuf offers an alternative paradigm grounded in ethical self- cultivation and social responsibility. Drawing upon the classical definition of Tasawwuf attributed to Ab? al-?asan A?mad al-N?r? and cited by P?r Karam Sh?h al-Azhar? in the Preface to the English translation of Kashf al-Ma?j?b, this paper argues that Tasawwuf is best understood as khulq (excellent moral character) rather than ritualism or abstract knowledge. Through a historical and conceptual analysis, the paper situates Tasawwuf within the Qur??nic and Prophetic framework and examines its relevance in addressing contemporary crises such as moral alienation, psychological anxiety, extremism, and social fragmentation in the Arab and wider Muslim world. The study contends that Tasawwuf, when grounded in Islamic orthodoxy, provides a viable ethical and spiritual response to the challenges of modernity without retreating into escapism or sectarianism.

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Tasawwuf, Islamic ethics, spirituality, moral renewal, contemporary Islam, Kashf al-Ma?j?b

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Halophilic actinomycetes are promising candidate for extremozymes due to their ability to survive and function potential under extreme habitats. Among these, members of the genus Nocardiopsis are recognized for producing industrially important ?-amylases with multiple biotechnological potential. In the present study, a comparative bioinformatics analysis was carried out on eight ?-amylase producing protein sequences derived from Nocardiopsis alba and Nocardiopsis species retrieved from the NCBI database. Physicochemical characterization using ProtParam revealed that most amylases possess low theoretical isoelectric points (pI 4.13-4.71), enrichment of acidic and aliphatic residues, and low sulphur content, reflecting supporting features for adaptations to saline environments. Homology-based three-dimensional structural models were generated using SWISS-MODEL and evaluated through GMQE, QMEAN Z-scores, MolProbity, and Ramachandran plot analysis, promote the good structural reliability and stereochemical quality to remain functional active in saline habitats. These findings highlight will be used for their potential for applications in food processing, pharmaceuticals.

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Nocardiopsis; ?-amylase; Bioinformatics analysis; Protein structure modeling.

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Halophilic actinomycetes are valuable sources of extremozymes with significant industrial potential due to their Sustain ability and function under high salinity and other harsh conditions. In this study, we conducted comprehensive bioinformatics-based structural and functional analysis on four amylase sequences from the halophilic actinomycetes Actinopolyspora erythraea, including ?-glucosidase, glycosidase and two hypothetical proteins. We retrieved four amino acid sequences from the NCBI database. Sequences were analysed by using ProtParam to determine physicochemical properties associated with halophilic adaptation. Three-dimensional structures were predicted using SWISS-MODEL and validated through Global Model Quality Estimation (GMQE), QMEAN Z-score, MolProbity and Ramachandran plot to capture the novelty of amylases. All analysed proteins exhibited hallmark features of halophilic enzymes, including low theoretical isoelectric points, enrichment of acidic amino acids, negative GRAVY values indicating enhanced hydrophilicity, and moderate to high aliphatic indices suggestive of thermostability. The ?-glucosidase and glycosidase proteins demonstrated favourable stability indices and structural robustness, supporting their primary roles in carbohydrate metabolism under hypersaline conditions. Overall, this study highlights key molecular determinants underlying halophilic adaptation in amylase-related proteins from Actinopolyspora erythraea and underscores the biotechnological potential of halophilic actinomycetes as promising sources of salt-tolerant enzymes for applications in the food, detergent, and pharmaceutical industries.

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Halophilic actinomycetes; Actinopolyspora erythraea; Amylases; Bioinformatics analysis; Protein structure prediction

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Franz Kafka is one of the most prominent writers of the early twentieth century and has had an enormous impact on the literature and thought of not only Europe, but also on world literature. He is one among the major writers who dealt with the inevitable crisis- a part of life of the modern man. Though he never titled himself an existentialist, we can find the major traits of existentialism in his works- uncertainty, absurdity, alienation- to name a few. 'Individual', which constitutes the focal point of existentialism, is the centre of his work. The unique feature of Kafka's short stories is that he not only explores the crux of existentialism in the stories that portray the characters of human beings alone. There are also stories which have animals as protagonists. What is interesting in the animal stories of Kafka is that the animal protagonists express their emotions as human protagonists do. The 'Kafkaesque' atmosphere prevails even in the animal stories and serves the purpose for whatever it was coined. The current paper, through some of Kafka's animal stories, focuses on the expression of the traits of existentialism.

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Animal, ape, dog, jackal, monkey, mole, existentialism

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Independence of judiciary ensures the rule of law and realization of human rights and also the prosperity and stability of a society. The Indian Constitution makes provisions to ensure independence of the judiciary, the basic patterns of the courts, their composition, powers, jurisdiction etc. the Constitution makes detailed provisions which cannot be touched by ordinary legislative process and the Constitution of India provides for the independence not only of the Supreme Court, but also the High Courts and the subordinate courts. Independence of judiciary being a basic feature of the Constitution, any attempt to curtail it directly or indirectly even by an amendment of the Constitution would be invalid. Appointment of judges to the higher judiciary assumes utmost importance in the context of independence of the judiciary. The selection of proper judges is of fundamental importance to the progress of the nation, and the selection of judges has necessarily to be made with the utmost care.

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Indian Constitution, Higher Judiciary, Appointment of Judges, Supreme Court, High Court

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This article analyzes how colonial governance in the Madras Presidency transformed caste into a modern political identity between 1870 and 1947, with a focus on Teluguspeaking districts. It argues that the colonial state's knowledge practices--especially the census and ethnographic classification--reified locally flexible social relations into standardized categories of rule, while agrarian revenue policies consolidated material power for dominant cultivating castes. Caste associations harnessed the opportunities of education, professional employment, and limited representative politics to pursue upward mobility, often by combining Western institutional forms with Sanskritic idioms of status. At the same time, radical anti-caste currents--from Phule and Periyar to Ambedkar--mounted a systematic critique of graded inequality, yet remained politically constrained by agrarian dependencies and the priorities of nationalist mobilization. The article concludes that colonial modernity did not dissolve caste; it politicized it, leaving institutional and discursive legacies that shaped postcolonial democracy.

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Caste; colonialism; Madras Presidency; Telugu regions; agrarian political economy; census; caste associations; anti-caste movements; identity politics.

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This paper highlighted the prospects and challenges of ginger production in Arunachal Pradesh with special reference to Lower Dibang District of Arunachal Pradesh. This paper is an attempt to analyse the Scope of Ginger Cultivation in the district as an economic means for the cultivator. It also highlights the high productivity, role and importance of ginger cultivation as an alternative to traditional Agriculture Practices in the district in particular and state as a whole. It also examined the ginger productivity compare to others horticulture crops by analysing secondary data. This paper also highlighted the central and state govt. role in providing horticulture scheme and policy to augment the welfare of the farmer. The paper is based on secondary data, reports from state agriculture department, journals and books related to the topic and personal experience.

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Production, ginger productivity, Prospects, Challenges, scope

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The integration of computer technology into the teaching-learning process has significantly transformed science education in recent years. Computer-Assisted Instruction (CAI) provides interactive, individualized, and learner-centered experiences that can enhance students' understanding of complex scientific concepts, particularly in subjects like Chemistry. Traditional teaching methods often face limitations in addressing abstract concepts, diverse learning paces, and students' varying abilities. The present study aims to examine the effect of Computer-Assisted Instruction on the academic achievement of students in Chemistry. It seeks to compare the achievement levels of students taught through CAI with those taught through conventional instructional methods. The study also explores the effectiveness of CAI in improving conceptual clarity, interest, and motivation among learners. The findings of this research are expected to highlight the potential of computer-assisted learning as an effective instructional strategy in Chemistry education. The study underscores the importance of integrating modern educational technologies into classroom teaching to improve academic achievement and promote meaningful learning outcomes.

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The integration of computer technology into the teaching-learning process has significantly transformed science education in recent years. Computer-Assisted Instruction (CAI) provides interactive, individualized, and learner-centered experiences that can enhance students' understanding of complex scientific concepts, particularly in subjects like Chemistry. Traditional teaching methods often face limitations in addressing abstract concepts, diverse learning paces, and students' varying

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पंडित दीनदयाल उपाध्याय जी अपने एकात्म मानववाद के दर्शन में मुख्य रूप से कृषि विकास, ग्रामीण विकास, विकेंद्रीकरण, स्वदेशी, अंत्योदय और आत्मनिर्भरता जैसे मुद्दों पर अपने आर्थिक विचार दिए। विकेंद्रीकरण, स्वदेशी और अंत्योदय द्वारा दीनदयाल जी मुख्य रूप से समाज के गरीबों, पिछड़ो और वंचितों के उत्थान की बात करते है। समावेशी विकास एक रणनीति या अवधारणा है जो मुख्य रूप से अर्थव्यवस्था के सबसे निचले स्तर पर रह रहे लोगों को रोजगार के अवसर प्रदान कर उनके आय स्तर को बढ़ाकर, उनके जीवन के गुणवत्ता में सुधार करके उन्हें विकास के मुख्य धारा से जोड़ने का प्रयास करता है। दीनदयाल जी के आर्थिक विचार और समावेशी विकास दोनों का ही मानना है कि समाज के निचले तबके के लोगों को विकास के मुख्य धारा से जोड़कर ही सही मायने में देश का आर्थिक विकास किया जा सकता हैं।

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एकात्म मानववाद, विकेंद्रीकरण, स्वदेशी, अंत्योदय, आर्थिक विकास, समावेशी विकास, जीवन की गुणवत्ता।

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