Volume 12 | Issue 2 | February-2024

 Abstract

Banana crops are highly vulnerable to diseases like Black Sigatoka and Fusarium Wilt, which can significantly impact yield. Early detection and accurate monitoring are essential but challenging with traditional manual methods. This paper presents a 3D Convolutional Neural Network (3D-CNN) approach for automated detection and severity estimation of banana diseases. Unlike 2D CNNs, 3D-CNNs capture both spatial and temporal features from sequences of RGB and multispectral images, enabling the model to analyze disease progression. Our experiments show that the 3D-CNN model achieves superior accuracy and precision in detecting diseases and estimating severity. By predicting disease progression, this model offers a valuable tool for early intervention and disease management in banana plantations. This research highlights the potential of 3D-CNNs in precision agriculture, improving disease detection and crop management.

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3D-CNN, banana disease detection, deep learning, precision agriculture

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Henrik Ibsen's Ghosts is a seminal work in the exploration of psychological realism, delving deeply into the complexities of the human psyche and its impact on behavior and relationships. This article, "Unveiling the Mind: Psychological Realism in Ibsen's Ghosts," examines how Ibsen uses psychological realism to portray the inner lives of his characters and to critique societal norms. Through a close analysis of the play's characters, including Mrs. Alving and her son Oswald, the article explores themes of repression, guilt, and the haunting effects of past traumas. By focusing on the interplay between internal psychological conflicts and external social pressures, the study reveals how Ibsen's portrayal of mental states and emotional struggles provides a profound commentary on the human condition. This exploration underscores how Ibsen's innovative use of psychological realism challenges audiences to confront the often-hidden dimensions of human experience and the societal forces that shape them.

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Symbols, Conflicts, Guilt, Inheritance, Society

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Predictive maintenance has emerged as a revolutionary approach within the financial services sector, leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance operational efficiency and minimize disruptions. As financial institutions grapple with the challenges of an increasingly digital landscape, AI-driven predictive maintenance strategies present a robust solution for anticipating and mitigating risks associated with equipment and technology failures. By collecting and analyzing huge amounts of data from different sources, including transaction logs and system performance metrics, organizations can predict potential failures before they occur, thus ensuring continuous service delivery and enhancing customer satisfaction. AI technologies, such as ML and data analytics, play a main role in finding patterns and trends that precede equipment malfunctions. This proactive maintenance strategy not only curtail unplanned down-time but also maximise resource allocation & extends the lifes of critical assets. Furthermore, the integration of AI tools facilitates real-time monitoring, enabling financial institutions to make informed decisions concerning maintenance schedules and equipment upgrades. Additionally, the adoption of predictive maintenance fosters a culture of continuous improvement within organizations, as teams gain insights into operational performance and identify areas for enhancement. By streamlining maintenance processes through predictive analytics, financial services can achieve significant cost savings while maintaining regulatory compliance and ensuring robust cybersecurity measures. Ultimately, this transformative approach to maintenance enhances not only operational efficiency but also contributes to competitive advantage in the financial sector. As organizations continue to embrace AI technologies, the implementation of predictive maintenance strategies will be essential in navigating the complexities of the evolving financial landscape. This paper explores the implications of AI-powered predictive maintenance in financial services, highlighting its benefits, challenges, and future prospects within the industry. By adopting these innovative strategies, financial institutions can position themselves effectively to meet the demands of a fast-paced, technology-driven environment.

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 Keywords

Financial Services, Artificial Intelligence (AI) , Operational Efficiency, Digital Landscape, Risk Mitigation, Data Analysis, Machine Learning, Equipment Failures, Unplanned Downtime, Resource Allocation, Continuous Improvement, Cost Savings, Cybersecurity, Competitive Advantage

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This study investigates the correlation between social media use and academic performance among students in Jharkhand, a state characterized by significant socio-economic and regional diversity. With the rapid integration of social media into daily life, understanding its impact on education has become crucial. This research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys with qualitative interviews, to explore how different patterns of social media use influence students' academic achievements. The findings reveal a nuanced relationship between social media use and academic performance. On one hand, social media serves as a valuable educational tool, providing access to academic resources, facilitating collaborative learning, and enhancing engagement. On the other hand, excessive use, particularly for non-educational purposes, is associated with lower academic performance due to increased distractions and reduced study time. Socio-economic status plays a significant role in moderating these effects. Students from higher socio-economic backgrounds generally experience fewer negative impacts from social media use due to better access to technology and digital literacy. Conversely, students from lower socio-economic backgrounds face greater challenges, including limited access to digital resources and poorer internet connectivity, which exacerbate the negative effects of social media. Regional variations also impact the relationship between social media and academic performance. Urban students, with more consistent access to technology and higher digital literacy, tend to benefit more from educational uses of social media compared to their rural counterparts, who may struggle with technology access and lower digital skills. The study concludes that while social media has the potential to enhance educational outcomes, its effectiveness is heavily influenced by socio-economic and regional factors. Recommendations include integrating social media into educational practices, providing training on responsible use, and addressing digital inequalities. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies and explore targeted interventions to maximize social media's benefits while mitigating its drawbacks. This research contributes to the understanding of how digital tools impact education and provides actionable insights for educators, policymakers, and researchers aiming to improve academic outcomes through effective social media use.

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CORRELATION BETWEEN SOCIAL MEDIA USE AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN JHARKHAND

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Faculty and students' perceptions of the barriers to effective online learning are referred to as perceived challenges. This involves the ability to consider multiple views on situations, as well as the ability to identify impediments that make one hesitant to take chances. The type of online learning technology utilized, infrastructure availability (internet and computers), and the employment of multiple learner management systems (LMSs) at higher education institutions are all likely to influence perceived difficulties. Assessment of Perceived usefulness, benefits, acceptance, and challenges is essential to plan for the strategies to strengthen the online learning status and minimize the obstacles. Also, the effectiveness of online learning in education is heavily dependent on instructors' attitudes toward technology (Avidov-Ungar & Eshet-Alkakay 2011; Salmon 2011; Teo 2011; Teo & Ursavas 2012). According to Liaw, Huang, and Chen (2007), "no matter how modern or powerful the technology is, its effective implementation is dependent on users' favorable attitude toward it." (Page 1069) Early research on teachers' attitudes toward technology development, adoption, and implementation defines attitudes toward technology as an effective (i.e., an experience of feeling or emotion) or evaluative assessment regarding the technology in issue (Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1989). Thus, is the extent to which a person observes technology with the desire to use it (Barki & Hartwick, 1994). People are more likely to have a good attitude toward technology if they feel it is both essential and personally relevant (Rogers 2003; Teo 2011).

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A STUDY OF ONLINE LEARNING STRATEGIES AND THEIR EFFECTIVENESS IN TEACHER EDUCATION

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The digital era has seen an explosion of online video platforms, which has, in turn, amplified the risk of content piracy, posing significant challenges to content creators and distributors. This research focuses on mitigating unauthorized distribution by developing a system to match video frames across various online platforms. With Computer Vision, we introduce a robust and scalable framework that employs advanced image processing and machine learning techniques to accurately identify and match frames from moving images, despite differences in format, resolution, and compression. The proposed framework incorporates feature extraction, frame hashing, and deep learningbased similarity assessment to ensure high precision and recall in detecting pirated content. Extensive experiments on diverse datasets demonstrate our approach's superior accuracy and computational efficiency compared to existing methods. This study offers a comprehensive solution to video piracy and insights into developing crossplatform content identification systems, contributing to more secure and reliable digital media distribution.

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Cyber Security, Machine Learning, Computer Vision

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William Shakespeare, often regarded as the greatest playwright and poet in the English language, continues to exert a profound influence on English literature centuries after his time. This research paper explores Shakespeare's enduring legacy by examining how his works have shaped and influenced subsequent English literature. The study begins with an overview of Shakespeare's life and career, highlighting his contributions to various genres such as tragedy, comedy, history, and romance. Through a comprehensive literature review, the paper examines themes, motifs, and dramatic techniques employed by Shakespeare that have resonated throughout the ages. Analytical insights into specific plays and poems illustrate Shakespeare's innovative use of language, character development, and narrative structure, which have served as a model for generations of writers. The discussion delves into the adaptation and reinterpretation of Shakespearean themes and characters in modern literature, showcasing his relevance in contemporary global contexts. Ultimately, this research underscores Shakespeare's lasting impact on English literature, affirming his status as a foundational figure whose works continue to inspire and provoke critical inquiry.

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English literature, Literary legacy, Influence Impact Dramatic techniques.

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Human rights and international law form a fundamental nexus in the global effort to protect individual freedoms and ensure justice. This paper examines the effectiveness of international human rights treaties in safeguarding individual rights, with a focus on the enforcement mechanisms and compliance challenges. Through an analysis of key international instruments, case studies, and contemporary issues, the paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current landscape of human rights within the framework of international law.

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Effectiveness of International Human Rights Treaties: Enforcement Mechanisms and Compliance Challenges in Global Governance

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This paper is an in-depth exploration of virtual health assistants (VHAs); AI integrated platforms capable of monitoring patients on health related issues. VHAs make use of advanced algorithms and natural language processing to give customized advice and support to persons mostly through conversational interfaces such as chatbots or virtual assistants [1]. For instance, an HVA can remind the patient to take their medication, provide information about their condition or treatment plan, monitor their symptoms or vital signs, and even recommend nutrition, sleep, or physical activity patterns customized to their own needs. Such VHAs momentarily contribute to patients' participation and outcomes because they supply life support and motivation beyond usual healthcare locations. Such as patients having chronic illnesses like diabetes and hypertension can gain through regular interactions with an eHealth assistant (eHealthA) that helps them to check on their condition, adhere to their treatment plan, and make well-calculated decisions on their general lifestyle. Second, VHAs help to improve healthcare access because they become a source of immediate help and resources [1]. However, most of the people live in the areas that do not have resources, anyway VHAs can serve as effective and on-demand assistance providers. Furthermore, VHAs improve patients ' engagement and healthcare access by automating routine tasks, communication with consumers, and collecting data for decision making. In this context, an integrated VHA into a primary care service can help with appointment setting, triage, and give educational materials to patients, thus making the physicians to align their focus on complex cases or prevention initiatives.

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Virtual Health Assistants, VHAs, AI-powered platforms, patient engagement, healthcare support, chronic disease management, artificial intelligence, healthcare access, personalized assistance, natural language processing, conversational interfaces, healthcare providers, healthcare delivery, patient outcomesN

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The ubiquitous availability of wireless networks has increased over the world. With the proliferation of 4G networks, wireless and communication have become increasingly important in the information exchange system. Now that the globe is advancing toward a 5G system, some countries have already implemented it and are working on developing a 6G system until 2027-2030.In India, 5G systems were available by the end of 2021.This research paper provides an overview of the future use of wireless communication on a 6G technology system. 6G technologies offer great levels of security, secrecy, and privacy, as well as high rates of speed, bandwidth, precision, and network protocol stability. In this article, we identify the primary possible aspects of a 6G system, as well as the communication strategies required and the problems that will arise in order to achieve success with 6G technology.

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Wireless technology, wireless communication, mobile communication, tactile communication, holographic communication, 6G, 5G.

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