Volume 10 | Issue 2 | February-2022

 Abstract

The present research was made on anatomy of petiole of Ficus benghalensis L., Ficus carica L. and Ficus racemosa L. The aim was to contribute with more information concerning the knowledge of anatomy. All three species Belongs to the family Moraceae. The genus Ficus is remarkable for the large variation in the habits of its species. Some species of Ficus shows noticeable development of aerial roots, they may start life as epiphytes. Less reports were available on petiole anatomical studies, hence present efforts were undertaken to investigate the microscopic studies. The conjoint, collateral and open vascular bundles observed. Perimedullary phloem patches with laticifers present in pith region. Perimedullary phloem associated with some xylem vessels. Latex ducts, laticifers, tannin cells, crystals and trichomes were few main characters found in present investigation of petiole anatomy of selected plants.

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 Keywords

Ficus benghalensis L., Ficus carica L., Ficus racemosa L., Anatomy, Crystals, tannin cells etc.

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The present paper deals with an addition of new taxa of flowering plant to the Adilabad District of Telangana State. Updated information on nomenclature, correct description and locality is provided. This is a new distributional record for this area.

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 Keywords

Physalis pruinosa L., Solanaceae, new distributional record, Adilabad District, Telangana.

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In the present paper we review some iterative methods for solving initial value problems of ordinary differential equations. The numerical methods are compared in terms of their convergence, accuracy and efficiency. Differential equations are one of the most important mathematical tools used to model physical and biological processes. Numerical methods are an important part of solving differential equations that arises from real-life situations, most especially in cases when it is difficult to obtain exact solutions by conventional methods.

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Initial Value Problem, Consistency; Stability and convergence; Order of methods, Runge-Kutta method.

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A class of solutions of field equations in gravity proposed by Harko et. al. (2011) for Plane Symmetric Riemannian space-time with dark matter and Holographic Dark Energy (HDE) is talked about. Exact solutions of field equations are obtained with a special form of deceleration parameter. The negative value of the deceleration parameter represents the present acceleration of the universe. It is observed that EoS parameter converges to the negative value i.e. cosmological constant. The physical and geometrical parameters of the models are discussed in detail.

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Modified gravity, HDE, Plane symmetric.

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In this paper, we considered five-dimensional plane symmetric Bianchi type-I cosmological model generated by a cloud of strings with particles attached to them with bulk viscosity in general relativity. To obtain solutions of field equations, we considered that shear scalar of the model is proportional to expansion scalar which leads to the anisotropic relation between the metric potentials. Also the physical and geometrical properties of the model are discussed in detail.

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Five dimensional plane symmetric Bianchi -I space-time; bulk viscosity; cloud string; general relativity.

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When administered to seeds or crops, plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) have the capacity to colonise the rhizosphere, plant roots, or both, enhancing plant growth and production. The motive of this study was to find elite bacteria in the soil and employ them to help soybean plants grow faster. Purified four bacterial strains were tested in vitro for plant growth promoting (PGP) properties. Phosphate solubilizing activity was discovered in 04 isolates, IAA production was detected in 04 isolates, and N2 fixation activity was found in 04 isolates. SJ-5 microbial strains tested positive for all PGP features and were further described using biochemical and molecular methods. Bacillus sp. was discovered using biochemical and 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses. Plant inoculation tests revealed that this PGPB strain increased shoot and root length as well as shoot and root biomass significantly. In comparison to the uninoculated control, there was a considerable increase in the number of lateral roots. The research suggests that this PGPB might be used to make inoculums or as a biofertilizer to boost soybean growth and nutritional content.

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Plant growth promoting bacteria, Soybean, Phosphate solubilization, 16 rRNA

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The current research work had been undertaken to bioremdiate harmful and toxic textile dye Blue RGB by using bacterial species isolated from acclimatized samples. In this present research work the isolation of bacterial species was carried out by using nutrient medium from acclimatized samples. The efficiency of isolated bacteria was carried out by testing them against dye Blue RGB. Among all isolated bacterial species total 5 bacterial isolates were having extraordinary capacity for decolorization and degradation of Blue RGB. These bacteria were further checked for their maximum ability for dye decolorization in Nutrient, Half strength (1/2) Nutrient broth and Cell-free extract. It was observed that all these bacteria were able to decolorize 98.76% of dye in nutrient broth, 80.60% decolorization in half strength nutrient broth and 84.45% in cell-free extract. The effect of various Carbon and Nitrogen sources was also studied. It was observed that all the isolates were able decolorize dye in presence of Glucose and Peptone. The decolorization of Blue RGB was monitored by spectrophotometer at ? max 650nm. The percent COD reduction studies showed 93.06% COD reduction.

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Blue RGB, Bioremediation, textile dyes.

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Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Cinnamomum (Cinna.), 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl radical scavenging (DPPH), Silver Nitrate (AgNO3)

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The leaves of Piper betel have been used in the Indian folk medicinal system for its antimicrobial antioxidant, antihemolytic and antiallergic. In the present study, the comparative evaluation of the antibacterial activity of ethanol extracts of three varieties of Piper betel L. namely Kapoori, Bangla and Calcutta. Extracts of betel leaves prepared by using soxhlet apparatus in 75% ethanol. 10 mg/ml concentration of extracts were tested against pathogenic bacteria such as Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus simiae and Proteus vulgaris. The ethanolic extracts showed significant antibacterial activity against tested pathogens. Ethanol extracts of all three varieties of Piper betel showed a good zone of inhibition against Klebshiella pneumonia. Extracts of Piper betel L. are effective against Gram-Positive as well as Gram-Negative bacteria.

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Antibacterial activity, Piper betel, Ethanolic extract.

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 Abstract

During present investigation attempts were made to collect Cassine Albens (Retz.) Kosterm. plant material from Marathwada region of Maharashtra state. There anatomical features were studied by taking sections and observing them under compound microscope. Besides this, dermatological studies were undertaken to study the nature of epidermis, trichomes and stomata. The plant parts were macerated for the observation of dead cells. In addition, phytochemical analysis was undertaken by following standard methods. In order to investigate their medicinal properties. The standardization of plant material will help in the correct identification of medicinal plant part, and will also be helpful in finding out odd material or adulteration, when the herbal medicines are purchased or acquired from other commercial sources, in crude form. Small glabrous trees, 3-6 m tall. Leaves elliptic, oblong-ovate, acute or rounded at base. Flowers greenish, calyx very deeply divided; lobes 4-5, unequal, orbicular, with membranous margins. Petals 4-5, greenish-white; Drupes obviate to ovoid, 8-12 mm, apiculate, stalked, apiculate. Transverse section of stem showing the presence of 4-7 layered cork. Cells thick walled, tubular, parenchymatous, cuticularized, dark-brown, squarest to rectangular, flattened, tanniniferous, or with phenolic contents. Large sclerieds, oval, whitish, sclerenchymatous cells and with thick walled rectangular bast fibers, horizontal, flattened, elongated.

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 Keywords

Cassine Albens, Anatomy, Epidermal Studies, Maceration Phytochrmisrty

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