Volume 14 | Issue 8 |

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Emotional displacement, migration, trauma, family separation, Borderlands, divided identity, memory, belonging.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Gharelu Shram Ka Ling Aadharit Vibhajan Ev Kamkaji Mahilao Ke Dohre Boj Ka Samajshastriya Adhyan

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Gharelu Shram Ka Ling Aadharit Vibhajan Ev Kamkaji Mahilao Ke Dohre Boj Ka Samajshastriya Adhyan

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Reliable electricity supply remains a major requirement for rural and geographically dispersed communities, where conventional grid extension can be technically difficult and economically burdensome. This paper presents a MATLAB/Simulink-based modeling, simulation, and performance assessment of a hybrid solar-wind energy system developed in the uploaded thesis for Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College (GNDEC), Ludhiana, Punjab. The study combines photovoltaic generation, wind energy conversion, maximum power point tracking, power electronic converters, battery energy storage, and an inverter within an integrated renewable-energy architecture. Meteorological inputs include solar irradiation, wind speed, and ambient temperature, while an appliance-based institutional load profile represents academic, laboratory, hostel, administrative, and auxiliary demand. The reported results show that the hybrid configuration produces 4.5 kWh/day and 1,642 kWh/year, compared with 2.8 kWh/day and 1,022 kWh/year for solar PV alone and 1.9 kWh/day and 694 kWh/year for wind alone. The hybrid system also reduces the reported loss of power supply probability to 3.2%, compared with 12.5% for solar and 16.8% for wind. Its reported LCOE is INR4.9/kWh, while solar and wind values are INR5.8/kWh and INR6.4/kWh, respectively. These results demonstrate the value of resource complementarity and integrated control for reliable decentralized electricity supply.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Hybrid renewable energy; Solar PV; Wind energy; MATLAB/Simulink; Rural electrification

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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representation of women, gender stereotypes, women empowerment, Turkish TV series

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The main objective of this project is to formulate and evaluate polyherbal anti-diabetic tablet with enhanced disintegration time.The polyherbal tablet consist of five traditional herbs Gurmar (Gymnema sylvestre), Karela (Momordica charantia), Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum), Ginger (Gingiber officinate), Cinnamon (Cinnamum zelacicum). In the formulation the Gurmar (leaf powder dry) , Karela (dry fruit powder) , Tulsi (dry leaf powder), Ginger (dry root powder) , and Cinnamon (bark powder) were used. The polyherbal tablets were prepared by wet granulation method with excipients: Gum Acasia, Polyvinylpyrrolidine, Aerosil, Talc, and Magnesium Stearate.. The preliminary phytochemical analysis of powder mixture was done using the methanolic extract of powder mixture. The preformulation studies of tablets were performed including Angle of repose, tapped density, bulk density, carr's index, hausner's ratio. The dried polyherbal remove was streamlined for its quality measures and its cluster consistency by making 5 diverse preliminary clumps(Trial 1,2,3,4,5). The preliminaries were exposed to preformulation boundaries to confirm the consistency and quality. The outcome assumes that the initial five formulations demonstrated across all parameters, and were therefore utilized to create a detailed polyherbal tablet formulation. The developed polyherbal phytochemical study showed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannin, phenolic compound in the formulation by using phytochemical analysis. The laboratory scale preparation of polyherbal tablet can lead to new powerful and oral dosage formulation for diabetes mellitus and lighten by synergic area of action herbs.

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POLYHERBAL TABLET, MEDICINAL PLANT, GYMNEMA SYLVESTRE, MOMORDICA CHARANTIA, OCIMUM SANCTUM, GINGIBER OFFICINATE, CINNAMUM ZELACICUM

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In patriarchal societies, women have historically occupied marginalized positions across various spheres of life--including the political, social, economic, and cultural. Consequently, seat reservation and participation are crucial for ensuring and safeguarding equal status for women within the framework of gender rights, equality, and social justice. This article discusses the issue of seat reservation for women in India, specifically focusing on quota systems in the realms of political representation, education, and employment. Additionally, this article discusses the objectives of women's empowerment, gender equality, the impact of women's empowerment, and the challenges facing this process.

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women reservation, gender equality, women entrepreneurship, women participation.

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This paper examines the role of the Department of Humanities in strengthening elementary teacher education through the functioning of District Institutes of Education and Training (DIETs) in Karnataka. The study is descriptive in nature and follows the normative survey method. A total of 18 faculty members working in the Department of Humanities across DIETs representing the Bangalore, Mysore, Belgaum and Gulbarga educational divisions were selected by purposive sampling for the study. Data were analyzed using the independent 't'-test with respect to sex, educational qualification, locality of the institute, and teaching-cum-research experience of the faculty. The results indicate that the role of the Department of Humanities did not differ significantly by locality or experience, but differed significantly with respect to sex and educational qualification, with female faculty and faculty holding qualifications above the prescribed minimum reporting more favorable perceptions of the department's functioning. Implications for faculty development in DIET humanities departments are discussed.

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Elementary Teacher Education, DIET, Department of Humanities, DIET Functioning.

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Background Substance Use Disorder (SUD) is a chronic and relapsing disorder that adversely affects the physical, psychological, social, and occupational well-being of affected individuals. Despite the availability of de-addiction services, many patients continue to experience poor Quality of Life and unsatisfactory Treatment Outcomes due to the complex nature of addiction and its psychosocial consequences. Assessing these outcomes is essential for planning comprehensive, patient-centered rehabilitation services and improving the effectiveness of addiction treatment programs. Objectives 1. To assess the Quality of Life among patients with substance use disorder attending selected de-addiction centers. 2. To assess the Treatment Outcomes among patients with substance use disorder attending selected de-addiction centers. 3. To determine the association between Quality of Life and selected demographic and clinical variables. 4. To determine the association between Treatment Outcomes and selected demographic and clinical variables. Methods A quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 patients with substance use disorder attending selected de-addiction centers in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. Participants were selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured demographic and clinical profile, the World Health Organization Quality of Life- BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire, and a standardized Treatment Outcome Assessment Scale. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Results A total of 200 patients participated in the study. The findings revealed that 58.5% of participants had a moderate level of Quality of Life, 27.5% had a low level, and 14.0% had a high level of Quality of Life. Similarly, 61.0% demonstrated satisfactory Treatment Outcomes, while 39.0% had poor Treatment Outcomes. Significant associations were observed between Quality of Life and educational status, employment status, family support, and history of relapse (p < 0.05). Treatment Outcomes were also significantly associated with duration of substance use, family support, and treatment adherence (p < 0.05). Conclusion The study revealed that a considerable proportion of patients with substance use disorder experienced moderate Quality of Life and satisfactory Treatment Outcomes. The findings emphasize the need for comprehensive recovery-oriented interventions and continuous nursing support to support long-term rehabilitation and overall patient well-being.

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Substance Use Disorder; Quality of Life; Treatment Outcomes; WHOQOL-BREF; De- Addiction Centers; Descriptive Study; Mental Health Nursing.

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Microservices architecture has become the dominant paradigm for building scalable, independently deployable cloud-native applications, and orchestration platforms such as Kubernetes have emerged as the de facto standard for managing the lifecycle of these distributed services. As the number of microservices grows, an API gateway becomes essential for consolidating cross-cutting concerns such as routing, authentication, rate limiting, load balancing, and observability at the edge of the system. However, the proliferation of API gateway solutions -- including Kong, NGINX, Traefik, Spring Cloud Gateway, and the Istio Ingress Gateway -- makes the selection of an appropriate gateway for a given orchestrated deployment a non-trivial engineering decision. This paper presents an empirical evaluation of five widely used API gateways deployed on a Kubernetes-orchestrated microservices testbed. We measure and compare latency, throughput, error rate, CPU utilization, and memory footprint under varying levels of concurrent load, and we qualitatively compare the gateways on feature dimensions including service discovery integration, protocol support, extensibility, and operational complexity. Results indicate that NGINX-based gateways deliver the lowest latency and highest raw throughput for simple routing, Kong offers the strongest balance of performance and plugin-based extensibility, Traefik provides the most seamless Kubernetes-native service discovery, while Spring Cloud Gateway and the Istio Ingress Gateway trade raw performance for deeper integration with application-level and service-mesh-level concerns respectively. The paper concludes with guidance for architects choosing a gateway based on workload characteristics, team expertise, and operational priorities.

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API Gateway; Microservices; Kubernetes; Orchestrated Deployment; Kong; NGINX; Traefik; Spring Cloud Gateway; Istio; Service Mesh; Load Balancing; Cloud-Native Architecture; Performance Evaluation

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Education in the 21st century is fundamentally concerned with preparing students with the knowledge and skills they need to succeed in rapidly changing world, making curricula learner-centered, socially relevant and leveraging the potential of emerging technologies to provide meaningful, real-world, problem-solving-based learning experiences (Kum Yoke et al., 2020). From personalized learning pathways to data-driven decision-making, AI is helping schools move beyond one-size-fits-all education toward more inclusive, adaptive, and future-ready learning environments. Classroom technologies powered by AI allowed educators to create adaptive and dynamic learning paths that cater to diverse student abilities, comprehension levels, and learning styles (Bean & Melzer, 2021). To adequately equip students to navigate competencies, curricula must adapt to seismic shifts that necessitate reevaluating curricular priorities. By blending technical proficiency with essential human qualities, educational systems can produce graduates capable of thriving in a rapidly evolving technological landscape. By designing and implementing such curricula, significant gaps in teaching and learning can be addressed and students will be well-equipped to navigate the complexities of future job markets, where both technical and human-centric skills are highly valued. Therefore, in light of the accelerating rate of technological change, curricula that are more student-driven, interconnected across disciplines, and connected to real-world problem-solving should be given priorities. Educators and researchers must collaboratively navigate to ensure that AI technologies are not only integrated effectively but also aligned with pedagogical principles that foster the growth of responsible and socially conscious individuals (Shepherd & Majchrzak, 2022).

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Artificial intelligence, AI ethics, Curriculum development, Personalized learning, pedagogy; Educational technology.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition