Volume 9 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

Abstract E-learning is one of the latest approaches in the contemporary branch of knowledge science to read, teach and perform the study. E-learning is presumed to be fast, continuous, repeatable at any time and any place. Besides, it increases learning passion and motivation. Higher education in Afghanistan has been attempting to use this educational method successfully in recent years. Unfortunately, in the past, Afghanistan's education system has suffered from severe shortcomings, questions about insufficient infrastructure and educational services, and occasionally concerns about old pedagogical methodologies are discussed. This study addresses the concerns of students and the academic community. This research aims to recognize e-learning challenges. And suggest a possible suitable solution for Afghanistan's higher education system. In this research, many questions have been answered by university lecturers and students and collected data has been preprocessed. The final result shows that Afghanistan's higher education system is relatively decent, but not acceptable. There are still many challenges to the e-earning process in Afghanistan's higher education, and it seems very critical and fundamental. This study will advance the frontier of knowledge in the domain of the Afghanistan higher education system concerning invoke the eLearning method.

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Key words: E-Governance, Information and communication technology, and E-Learning

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ABSTRACT The FDRE Constitution Art 51(4) states that the ownership of land vests with state, and Peoples of Ethiopia. One of the functions and power of Federal government is to formulate and execute the country�s foreign investment Polices and Strategies. It also enacts laws for the utilization and conservation of land and other natural resources as per Art 51 (5). Based on Federal laws the States have the power and functions to administer urban land and other natural resources law. In this case Government shall ensure the right of private investors to the use of Urban land lease on the basis of payment of compensation established by law The FDRE Urban Land Lease Proclamation No 721/2011, Oromia Payment of Compensation Proclamation No. 155/2005 and Oromia Urban Land Lease regulation No.182/2008 aim to satisfy the growing urban land demand resulted from a fast economic growth of the country. Adama City is administrations that investors are interested to come and invest due to its good climate conditions. Data collection mothed is by conducting interviews and discution with relevant government offices and investors and analyzing the pertinent laws, this reseach examines, the Oromia urban land lease law and practice of in Adama City. It is a non doctrinal or socio legal research.Sources of information may be categorized into primary, secondary. The researcher has identif Problem is lack of awareness creation to the society and investors, less controlling mechanism, lack of transparency, lack of co-ordination, Lack of transparency, corruption, and Lack of equal payment of compensation methods and legal procedures for upon implication of Urban land lease law in Adama city. In order to mitigate such problems, challenges and legal gaps the federal government is recommended to amend the constitutional power conflict to administer the land and empower the regional states to administer their investment land and Adama City administration should also provide awareness, change the controlling mechanism, be transparent, act impartiality, make co-ordination with stake holder, amend the legal procedure of payment of compensation upon implication of Urban land lease law on promotion and protection of Investment and welfare local people based on the socio-economic situation of Adama city.

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Land ownership, Compensation, Land Lease Acquisition, Investment, Investors

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Nasal cytology directly reflects nasal inflammation and is an important tool in the diagnosis and treatment of rhinitis. There is no single test as a gold standard for the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis, but nasal smear for eosinophilia has been recommended as a tool for the diagnosis. It is a simple, cheap, non-invasive, reproducible, easy to perform and cost-effective as compared to other tests like skin prick test or radio-allergo-sorbent test, and also it is easily repeated on the same patient, which is essential in both the follow-up of the disease and to monitor the efficacy of medical and surgical interventions. Eosinophils in the nasal smear have been reported to display the best correlation with all the clinical and immunological parameters in allergic rhinitis. Despite its simplicity and proven utility in giving direction to the diagnostic study of many nasal diseases, nasal cytology paradoxically still remains underuse. There are several possible collection methods for nasal cytology, including nasal smear, swab, scraping, nasal lavage, and irrigation. The present literary review was undertaken to integrate the knowledge of nasal smear for eosinophils as the diagnostic tool in the diagnosis and treatment of nasal allergies. Details and facts on nasal smear for eosinophils were gathered from the published journals, PubMed, google scholar, research gate by using words like nasal secretion, nasal smear for eosinophil, nasal cytology, allergic rhinitis, biological markers etc., then analyzed and summarized the data. Therefore, it is concluded that the nasal smear for eosinophils is a well-known, cost-effective and easy to apply diagnostic method in the diagnosis and treatment of nasal allergies.

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nasal cytology, nasal cytogram, nasal smear for eosinophils, diagnostic tool, allergic rhinitis.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract The materialization and evolution of digital sequence information as a speedier, inexpensive and more precise tool, which advances the opportunities as well as challenges for benefits sharing has been followed by the speedy technological advancement. The DSI plays an affirmative role in conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity (i.e., the first two objectives of CBD) and enables the free access to genetic resources without tangibly accessing them. The fact that DSI enables access to genetic information of an organism without physically accessing it, directs much of the emphasis of discussions towards impact of DSI on sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of GRs, which constitutes the third objective of CBD, operationalized through the Nagoya Protocol while acknowledging that the three objectives of the Convention are interlinked and mutually supportive. This Research paper aims to study the impact of DSI on ABS Regime.

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Digital Sequence Information, Genetic Resources, Access and Benefit Sharing, Convention on Biological Diversity , Nagoya Protocol.

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Quantity of drinking water have great importance, this thought inspired us to conduct this project. The study aimed to assess the suitability of the well waters around an industry for domestic purposes. The main physio-chemical water quality analysis of the parameters like turbidity, conductivity, pH, acidity, chlorides, dissolved oxygen, total solids, iron, COD, BOD etc., were conducted and the extent of the pollution of groundwater was analyzed.

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Turbidity, Conductivity, Chlorofluorocarbons, Chlorides, Acidity, Chemical, Total Dissolved Solids, Filtration

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Basic Building Blocks, Atomic Genetics, Atomic Transcription and Translation, Tachyons, Atomic Genetic Engineering , Hoyle -Narlikar universe ,

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Intraday traders, Equity market, Success ratio, Source of information, Decision making

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Background Coronavirus or COVID-19 is a highly infectious diseases which was first reported in Hubei province of Wuhan city, China and subsequently spread to other countries of world. There were limited studies available in the database on risk of mortality was not well summarized. Current review of observational studies was done to summarize the findings on the association between age, gender, comorbidities and laboratory investigations and risk of death from COVID-19 infection. Methodology PubMed, PubMed Central, EMBASE, MEDLINE were searched for the studies in English language and date specified to after 2020. Results In total, 10 studies were included in this review. A total of 1469 patients included in Non-survivor group, while 22675 patients were included in survivor group. In meta-analysis, significant associations were found between Age (p-value <0.0001), comorbidities like Diabetes (p-value <0.00001), Hypertension (p-value 0.05), Cardiovascular diseases (p-value <0.00001) and risk of death from COVID 19. Additionally, it was also observed that those patients included in non-survivor had elevated levels of D-dimer (MD, -2.73, 95% CI, -5.73 to 0.28), CRP (MD, -66.10, 95% CI, -97.01 to -35.20), Interleukin-6 (MD, -4.70, 95% CI, -7.59 to -1.81), WBC count (MD, -3.88, 95% CI, -5.80 to -1.96) and decreased Albumin levels Albumin (MD, 3.98, 95% CI, 1.66 to 6.29) compared to survivor group. Conclusion Elder age more than 65 years, Hypertension, Diabetes, Cardiovascular diseases, elevated D-dimer, Interleukin-6, WBC count and CRP were mostly associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19. Keywords COVID-19, Mortality, D-dimer, Interleukin-6, CRP.

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COVID-19, Mortality, D-dimer, Interleukin-6, CRP.

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Synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles from the biomedical plant, Rotula aquatica, using microwave irradiation is reported here. Confirmations of nanoparticles formation were executed using UV-vis. spectroscopy, identification of the functional groups in the plant chemicals responsible for reduction and capping of the nanoparticles were done by FTIR spectroscopy. Confirmation of crystalline character of the synthesized nanoparticles was conducted by XRD analysis. Investigation of catalytic activity of the synthesized nanoparticles on the degradation of the congo red dye. The antibacterial activities of the plant extract, silver and gold nanoparticles were performed in reference to a standard antibiotic by well diffusion pathway.

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 Keywords

Rotula aquatica; catalytic activity; natural antibiotic; Congo red; multifunctional

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition