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Carbon dots (CDs) are emerging zero-dimensional fluorescent carbon nanomaterials that have attracted immense research interest due to their excellent biocompatibility, water solubility, tunable photoluminescence, low toxicity, and chemical stability. In this review, we summarize the green synthesis of carbon dots using oatmeal as a sustainable natural carbon precursor via a simple eco-friendly reflux method. Oatmeal, rich in carbohydrates, proteins, and phenolic compounds, provides an excellent renewable source for carbonization and surface functionalization. The synthesized CDs were characterized by UV-Visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The CDs exhibited strong blue fluorescence, nanoscale particle size, and abundant surface functional groups such as -OH, -COOH, and -NH?. These features make them highly suitable for dermatological and cosmetic applications. Additionally, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities suggest promising applications in skincare and aesthetic formulations. This review highlights recent advancements, characterization strategies, and future prospects of biomass-derived CDs in biomedical and cosmeceutical fields. Semiconductor-based photocatalysts have emerged as promising materials for the degradation of organic pollutants present in wastewater. Tin dioxide (SnO?), a wide band gap n-type semiconductor, is of particular interest due to its excellent chemical stability, non-toxicity, and high electron mobility. In the present study, SnO? nanoparticles were successfully synthesized via a hydrothermal method, which offers controlled growth, high crystallinity, and uniform particle size. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV-Visible spectroscopy to evaluate their structural, morphological, and optical properties. XRD analysis confirmed the formation of pure tetragonal rutile-phase SnO?, while SEM images revealed nanoscale particles with slight agglomeration. UV-Visible spectral analysis showed strong absorption in the ultraviolet region, with an estimated band gap suitable for photocatalytic applications. The photocatalytic performance of SnO? nanoparticles was assessed through the degradation of organic dye under UV light irradiation. The results demonstrated efficient dye degradation, attributed to high surface area, improved crystallinity, and effective generation of reactive oxygen species. The study confirms that hydrothermally synthesized SnO? nanoparticles are promising photocatalysts for environmental remediation and wastewater treatment applications.