Published Paper Details:

Chitosan, a biopolymer derived from chitin, has gained prominence due to its biodegradability, biocompatibility, and antimicrobial properties. Traditionally extracted from crustacean shells, chitosan production faces limitations such as allergenicity, seasonal availability, and environmental concerns. This study investigates alternative sources--Labeo rohita fish scales, white button mushroom stalks, and banana peels--for chitosan extraction using acid-alkali chemical treatment. The extracted biopolymers were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), solubility testing, and pH analysis. Among the sources, fish scales yielded the highest purity and quantity of chitosan, while mushrooms and banana peels produced chitosan-like compounds with moderate functionality. These materials were further utilized to develop herbal biodegradable bandages and hydrogels, demonstrating promising antimicrobial and wound-healing properties. The findings support the valorization of agro-waste and seafood by-products for sustainable biomedical innovations.