Published Paper Details:

ABSTRACT Kolleru Lake in Andhra Pradesh, India, has experienced dramatic ecological changes in recent decades, including a 61% reduction of open water area and a corresponding rise in aquaculture that now occupies most of the lake. This study integrates Artificial Intelligence (AI), remote sensing, and IoT-based monitoring to assess, detect, and respond to the lake's complex challenges. Analysis of high-resolution satellite data and sensor networks revealed steep declines in water quality dissolved oxygen dropped by 32% alongside a 700% increase in algal blooms and a nearly 39% loss of migratory bird species by 2025. Advanced AI models, particularly convolutional neural networks, elevated encroachment detection accuracy to 96%, providing timely data for rapid conservation response. The involvement of local communities, transparent governance, and ongoing capacity-building are shown to be essential for scaling restoration and maintaining ecological resilience. Review demonstrate that digital tools combined with inclusive policies are effective in addressing wetland degradation, and this holistic framework offers a model applicable to threatened freshwater ecosystems worldwide.