Published Paper Details:

Climate change and desertification are pressing global challenges with profound implications for ecosystems and human societies. This paper reviews the human and natural drivers of climate change, summarizes recent direct observations and future projections, explores the connections between climate change and desertification, and details the actions taken by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) to address these issues through observation, prediction, early warning, risk management, and international cooperation. Climate variability and extreme weather events continue to intensify, threatening food security, water resources, and sustainable development in vulnerable regions. Understanding the interactions between land degradation and climate dynamics is essential for designing effective adaptation and mitigation strategies. Improved monitoring and early warning systems can help communities build resilience and reduce the impacts of droughts and floods. International collaboration and capacity building are critical to managing transboundary climate risks and promoting sustainable land management.