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Abstract: This paper explores the concept of humanism with special reference to Gandhian philosophy and its relevance in contemporary India. Humanism, derived from the Latin term humanities, emphasizes the dignity, value, and potential of human beings, promoting rational thinking, moral responsibility, and social welfare. Historically, humanism traces its roots to Greek thought, particularly Protagoras' idea that "man is the measure of all things," and later developed in both Western and Eastern traditions. While Western humanism often adopted an atheistic orientation, Indian humanism, reflected in the Vedas, Upanishads, and later reform movements, integrates spirituality with ethical living. The paper adopts a descriptive methodology based on secondary sources to analyse Gandhi's humanistic ideas. Gandhi's humanism was shaped by diverse influences, including his family, religious texts like the Bhagavad Gita, and thinkers such as Tolstoy and Ruskin. Central to his philosophy are truth, non-violence, service to humanity, and moral duty. Gandhi viewed religion as inseparable from daily life, defining it as dharma--a moral obligation that fosters both individual integrity and social harmony. Gandhian humanism advocates the creation of a just and humane society grounded in tolerance, unity, and ethical conduct. His vision of Ramarajya represents an ideal society based on justice, equality, and moral values. He emphasized duty over rights, believing that social transformation begins with inner moral development. In contemporary India, Gandhian humanism remains relevant as it addresses issues of inequality, conflict, and moral decline, offering a path toward peace, harmony, and holistic human development.