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Education is widely recognized as one of the most effective instruments for promoting social justice, equality, and human development. In India, the constitutional framework envisages an egalitarian society where every individual has equal access to opportunities irrespective of caste, religion, gender, language, or socio-economic background. Education serves as a transformative tool that empowers marginalized communities, enhances social mobility, and strengthens democratic participation. The Constitution of India incorporates several provisions aimed at ensuring educational access and reducing social inequalities. This paper adopts a doctrinal research approach to examine the constitutional and legal framework governing education as an instrument of social justice in India. The study analyses constitutional provisions, legislative enactments, judicial pronouncements, and policy initiatives that seek to promote educational equity and inclusion. Particular emphasis is placed on Articles 14, 15, 21A, 29, 30, 38, 41, 45, and 46 of the Constitution, along with the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 and the National Education Policy, 2020. The paper argues that although India possesses a comprehensive constitutional framework for educational justice, challenges relating to accessibility, quality, socio-economic disparities, and digital exclusion continue to hinder its realization. The study concludes that effective implementation of educational laws and policies is essential for transforming constitutional promises into social realities.