Published Paper Details:

Phytochemicals derived from medicinal plants exhibit diverse therapeutic activities; however, their clinical application is often limited by poor bioavailability due to high polarity and low lipid solubility. The gastrointestinal membrane, being lipophilic, restricts the absorption of hydrophilic plant constituents such as flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenolic compounds. Novel drug delivery systems have emerged to overcome these limitations by enhancing solubility, stability, and targeted delivery of phytoconstituents. Phytosomes, developed using phosphatidylcholine and related phospholipids, exhibit improved pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles compared to conventional herbal extracts. These complexes enhance drug stability, reduce degradation, and facilitate efficient transport across biological membranes. Various preparation methods such as antisolvent precipitation, solvent evaporation, rotary evaporation, and lyophilization are employed to formulate phytosomes. Characterization techniques including particle size analysis, zeta potential measurement, spectroscopic evaluation, and encapsulation efficiency assessment are essential to determine their physicochemical and biological properties Phytosomal formulations demonstrate significant improvements in therapeutic efficacy, including enhanced bioavailability, hepatoprotective, anticancer, antioxidant, transdermal, and antidiabetic activities. These systems also reduce dose requirements and minimize adverse effects. Overall, phytosomes offer a promising strategy for improving the delivery and effectiveness of herbal medicines, making them a valuable approach in modern pharmaceutical research. .