Published Paper Details:

Background: Frozen shoulder, medically known as adhesive capsulitis, is a condition that appears more frequently in people living with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). In Ayurveda, a closely matching condition has long been described as Avabahuka. Both conditions share a common thread they cause shoulder stiffness, pain, and significant loss of movement. Objective: This paper explores how Avabahuka and frozen shoulder overlap in diabetic patients, focusing on their shared disease mechanisms and what Ayurveda offers in terms of prevention. Methods: We reviewed classical Ayurvedic texts including Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Madhava Nidana, alongside modern medical literature sourced from PubMed, the AYU journal, and ScienceDirect. We then compared both systems in terms of disease process, symptoms, and treatment approaches. Results: The review identified clear parallels both conditions involve vitiation of and Kapha doshas, damage to Snayu (tendons and ligaments), and depletion of Dhatus (body Vata tissues). On the modern side, collagen glycosylation, chronic low-grade inflammation, and microvascular injury mirror what Ayurveda describes as Kapha Avarana of Vata and Sandhigata disorders. Conclusion: Identifying early Avabahuka-like symptoms in diabetic patients opens a window for timely, preventive action. Ayurvedic therapies such as Abhyanga (oil massage), Swedana (sudation), Basti (medicated enemas), and targeted dietary changes can meaningfully support standard diabetic care.