Published Paper Details:

Abstract Background: Mukhapaka is a commonly encountered Mukharoga described in Ayurvedic literature, characterized by inflammation and ulcerative lesions involving the oral cavity. The clinical manifestations of Mukhapaka closely resemble stomatitis, a prevalent inflammatory disorder of the oral mucosa affecting individuals of all age groups, particularly children. Despite the availability of various therapeutic approaches, recurrent episodes and symptomatic burden continue to challenge effective management. Ayurveda advocates several local therapeutic procedures for Mukharogas, among which Kavala occupies a significant place. Pippalyadi Kawal, a formulation described in Vangasena Samhita, has traditionally been indicated in oral disorders. Objective: To critically review the Ayurvedic concept of Mukhapaka, correlate it with stomatitis, and evaluate the therapeutic potential of Pippalyadi Kawal based on classical Ayurvedic literature and contemporary scientific evidence. Materials and Methods: Relevant information was collected from classical Ayurvedic texts including Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Hridaya, Yogaratnakara, Vangasena Samhita, Bhavaprakasha, and Sharangadhara Samhita. Modern literature was reviewed through textbooks, peer-reviewed journals, and electronic databases focusing on stomatitis and the pharmacological profile of the ingredients of Pippalyadi Kawal. Results: Mukhapaka described under Sarvasara Mukharoga demonstrates considerable similarity with stomatitis in terms of etiology, clinical features, and disease progression. Pippalyadi Kawal comprises Pippali (Piper longum Linn.), Shweta Sarshapa (Brassica campestris Linn.), Nagara (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), and Nichula (Barringtonia acutangula (L.) Gaertn.). Scientific studies have demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and wound-healing activities of these ingredients, supporting their potential role in oral mucosal disorders. Conclusion: Classical Ayurvedic evidence and contemporary pharmacological findings suggest that Pippalyadi Kawal possesses promising therapeutic potential in the management of Mukhapaka w.s.r. to stomatitis. Further clinical studies are warranted to establish its efficacy and safety.