Published Paper Details:

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic significance of bone marrow aspiration and biopsy and assess their combined utility in 35 patients presenting with diverse hematological abnormalities. Materials and Methods: Thirty-five patients underwent simultaneous BMA and BMB. Indications, cytological findings, and biopsy results were analyzed and correlated to determine concordance, diagnostic yield, and the added value of combined procedures. Results: The study population included 20 males (57.1%) and 15 females (42.9%), with age ranging from 0-20 years (17.1%) to >60 years (20%). Common indications were pancytopenia (34.3%), anemia evaluation (22.9%), suspected leukemia (20%), thrombocytopenia (14.3%), and marrow infiltration (8.5%). BMA diagnosed acute leukemia in 17.1%, myelodysplastic syndrome in 11.4%, megaloblastic anemia in 28.6%, aplastic anemia in 5.7%, reactive marrow in 20%, and was inconclusive in 17.1%. BMB detected acute leukemia in 20%, myelofibrosis in 11.4%, aplastic anemia in 8.6%, metastatic infiltration in 8.6%, megaloblastic anemia in 22.9%, reactive marrow in 17.1%, and was inadequate in 11.4%. Concordance between BMA and BMB was observed in 62.9% of cases, with biopsy providing diagnosis when aspiration was inconclusive in 17.1% of patients. Conclusion: Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy are diagnostic procedures. Aspiration provides detailed cytological evaluation, particularly useful in leukemias, whereas biopsy offers critical architectural information and is essential for few cases. Combined use of both techniques ensures a comprehensive assessment of hematological disorders, improving diagnostic accuracy and patient management.