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Abstract Background: Root canal treatment (RCT) is a commonly performed endodontic procedure aimed at eliminating infection from the root canal system and preserving the natural tooth. Despite the advancement in endodontic techniques and materials, post-operative pain remains one of the most common complications experienced by patients after root canal treatment. Awareness regarding postoperative pain and its management is essential for dental students as they play an important role in providing proper patient care during clinical practice. Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the awareness and knowledge regarding postoperative pain management following root canal treatment among undergraduate students. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey was conducted among 400 undergraduate students. A structured questionnaire consisting of questions related to post-operative pain following root canal treatment, its causes, duration, and management strategies was distributed among the participants. The responses were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistical methods. Results: The results of the present study revealed that the majority of students were aware that postoperative pain can occur after root canal treatment. Female students showed slightly higher awareness levels compared to male students. Students belonging to the age group of 21-23 years demonstrated greater awareness regarding post-operative pain and its management. Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, it can be concluded that undergraduate students possess a moderate level of awareness regarding post-operative pain management in root canal treatment. However, additional educational programs and clinical training are required to improve their knowledge and enhance patient care