Published Paper Details:

This paper explored the forced transformation of Afghan Female's human capital through a systematic exclusion from formal employment after the august 2021. With the usage of secondary sources evidence from UN agencies and recent academic literatures, they depicts that participation of female in acquiring education, healthcare, social activity and public sector tasks has been collapsed, with only 7 percent of women are employed. In response, women have redirected skills into informal digital and social commerce, now serving as the primary income source for over 80 percent of women-led households. The findings show that this shift represents survival-driven in formalization rather than empowerment. Severe financial exclusion, lack of human resource structures, and fragile digital infrastructure constrain sustainability. Grounded in human capital and informal labour frameworks, the study argues that virtual work stabilizes short-term livelihoods but suppresses long-term returns and professional growth.