Published Paper Details:

The rapid expansion of digital payment systems in India has positioned the Unified Payments Interface (UPI) as a key driver of financial inclusion. However, a considerable number of small street-side Nano business owners continue to rely on cash transactions. This study investigates the internal barriers that hinder UPI adoption among small business owners in Mysore, with specific emphasis on gender, awareness, perception, and attitude. Primary data were collected from 52 Nano vendors who had not adopted UPI, using structured questionnaires. Statistical tools such as descriptive analysis, chi-square tests, and regression analysis were employed to examine the relationships between selected variables. The findings reveal that awareness and attitude significantly influence the barriers to UPI adoption, indicating that limited knowledge and unfavorable mindsets play a decisive role in resistance toward digital payments. While gender does not significantly affect awareness levels, it shows a meaningful association with perception and attitude toward UPI usage. Practical challenges such as limited digital literacy, fear of fraud, lack of smart phones, and financial constraints further intensify non-adoption. The study highlights the need for targeted awareness programs, user-friendly technological solutions, and confidence-building initiatives to promote UPI usage among Nano vendors. Strengthening these areas can enhance digital payment adoption and contribute to inclusive economic participation.