Published Paper Details:

Green synthesis and environmental sustainability have emerged as critical pillars in the development of next-generation agrochemicals, particularly pesticides. Traditional pesticide production often relies on hazardous solvents, energy-intensive processes, and toxic intermediates, contributing to significant environmental degradation and health risks. In response, green chemistry offers innovative and sustainable alternatives, focusing on the use of renewable resources, non-toxic reagents, and energy-efficient methodologies. Techniques such as biocatalysis, solvent-free synthesis, and plant- or microbial-mediated routes are gaining prominence for their eco-friendliness and compatibility with sustainable agriculture. Nano-enabled pesticides--encompassing nanosuspensions, nano capsules, nano emulsions, and nano clays--enable controlled and targeted delivery of active ingredients, enhancing their efficacy while reducing the required dosage and environmental impact. Some nanoparticles, such as silver (AgNPs), zinc oxide (ZnO), and copper oxide (CuO), possess inherent insecticidal properties and are used directly in pest control formulations. When synthesized using green methods--such as plant extracts or microbial cultures--these nanoparticles align further with the principles of green chemistry. it discusses the challenges associated with toxicity, regulatory uncertainty, and commercialization, while proposing future directions to improve safety, scalability, and public acceptance. Integrating green and nano-enabled pesticides represents a transformative step toward environmentally responsible and sustainable agriculture.