Published Paper Details:

Abstract--The industrial revolution and technological advancement started in the 18th century have a lot to boast for its success in many aspects of human life like reduction in infant mortality rate, human life expectancy, education, health, global food production etc. But the development and gains have many flip sides also. It is not sustainable in long run. It is undermining the ability of the environment and ecosystem, disturbing the fine balance of nature on the planet which is threatening the lives of many species on earth. The main cause of Environmental problems is excessive emission of Green House Gases (GHG) like CO2, NO2, SO2, CO etc. due to the burning of fossil fuels to meet the energy demand of human beings and reduction in forest cover. The sustainability debate started in the 1960s with the beginning of a modern environmental movement. Urbanization which is a hallmark of Industrialization creates a huge demand for modern building construction material as modern building construction techniques use processed building materials like cement, steel, tiles, aluminium, glass, and bricks etc. which are produced in the construction industry. As per estimate building and construction together consumes around 36% of global final energy. The building sector is growing at a very high rate and it is estimated that over the next 40 years, the world is expected to build 230 billion m2 in new construction. (UN, Global status report 2017) adding to the existing 235 billion m2 in 2016. This growth will push energy demand to a very high level from the construction sector itself, globally. The building and construction industry accounts for about 40% of energy rated CO2 emissions. The experts and policymakers started a debate on how to reduce the energy demand and how to reduce the adverse impact of the built environment without compromising its functionality. The experts started a discussion on methods and means of construction to reduce or eliminate adverse impacts on the environment and make the building sector more sustainable. This gave birth to the "Green Building Concept". The built environment should be planned, designed and constructed in such a way that its adverse impact and influence on natural eco-cycles are minimal.