Published Paper Details:

Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising tool in agriculture, offering innovative solutions to enhance crop productivity and sustainability. This study explores the effects of various nanomaterials (NMs), including metal-based nanoparticles (e.g., ZnO, TiO?, and AgNPs), carbon-based nanomaterials, and nano-fertilizers, on the growth and development of major cereal crops such as rice, wheat, and maize. The application of NMs has shown to significantly influence seed germination rates, root and shoot elongation, nutrient uptake, photosynthetic efficiency, and overall biomass production. While certain nanomaterials enhance plant growth by improving nutrient availability and stress tolerance, others may exhibit phytotoxic effects depending on their concentration, particle size, and exposure duration. This review synthesizes current findings, highlighting both the beneficial and adverse impacts of NMs on cereals. It also underscores the importance of optimizing nanomaterial formulation and delivery methods to maximize agricultural benefits while minimizing environmental risks.