Published Paper Details:

Objective: To explore the therapeutic potential of traditional herbal remedies in the prevention and management of diabetes mellitus, particularly type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and to highlight the importance of integrating herbal and modern medical approaches for improved patient outcomes and long-term metabolic balance. Significance: Globally, over 800 million people suffer from diabetes, with T2DM accounting for approximately 95% of all cases. Despite major advancements in pharmacological treatments such as GLP-1 agonists, metformin, and SGLT2 inhibitors, many individuals--especially in low- and middle-income countries--remain inadequately treated due to limited access, high cost, and side effects. Herbal medicines with antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and lipid-lowering properties represent promising, affordable, and culturally accepted complementary approaches. Methods: A comprehensive literature review and synthesis of preclinical and clinical studies were conducted on five principal antidiabetic plants--karela (Momordica charantia), neem (Azadirachta indica), jamun (Syzygium cumini), guggul (Commiphora wightii), and saptarangi (Salacia oblonga)--focusing on their phytochemical constituents, mechanisms of action, safety profiles, and therapeutic potential. Results: These herbs enhance insulin sensitivity, stimulate pancreatic ?-cell function, inhibit intestinal glucose absorption, and mitigate oxidative stress. Clinical and experimental evidence supports their role in improving glycemic control, lipid metabolism, and organ protection. Kerala's preventive community programs further demonstrate how traditional and modern strategies can synergize effectively. Conclusions: Future research should focus on standardization of extracts, identification of bioactive compounds, and large-scale human clinical trials. Integrating validated herbal therapies with modern medicine can create a sustainable, holistic framework for diabetes prevention, management, and improved global health outcomes