Published Paper Details:

Arthritis is a broad term describing inflammation and degeneration of joints, encompassing more than 100 related disorders. The most common forms are Osteoarthritis (OA), a degenerative joint disease caused by cartilage wear, and Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), an autoimmune condition in which the immune system attacks synovial joints, leading to chronic inflammation and tissue destruction. Arthritis significantly affects mobility, daily functioning, and quality of life. RA involves abnormal immune activation, increased lymphocyte activity, formation of immune complexes, and release of inflammatory mediators that damage joint cartilage and bone. Multiple factors contribute to arthritis, including age, genetic predisposition, obesity, smoking, joint overuse, and environmental exposures. Diagnosis combines clinical assessment, imaging, and laboratory markers such as RF, ACPA, and CRP. Management includes NSAIDs, glucocorticoids, DMARDs, and supportive therapies. Herbal remedies like Moringa oleifera, rich in antioxidants and anti-inflammatory compounds, show potential benefits in reducing oxidative stress and joint inflammation. Understanding arthritis pathophysiology and risk factors is essential for improving early diagnosis, preventing complications, and enhancing patient outcomes.