Published Paper Details:

Abstract Precise and personalized medicine (PPM) is an advanced healthcare approach that focuses on designing treatment strategies based on an individual's genetic makeup, biomarkers, lifestyle, disease characteristics, and environmental influences. With the rapid growth of genomic sequencing, proteomics, metabolomics, artificial intelligence (AI), and digital health technologies, PPM has become a practicalclinical reality. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the concepts, technological foundations, clinical applications, advantages, limitations, and future potential of precise and personalized medicine. Emphasis is placed on pharmacogenomics, biomarker-guided therapies, targeted drug delivery, machinelearning based prediction tools, and disease-specific implementation of personalized strategies. The review also highlights current research advancements, ethical considerations, and global challenges in adapting PPM into mainstream healthcare. Overall, precise and personalized medicine represents a transformative shift from generalized therapy to individualized care.