Published Paper Details:

Energy is a key driver of economic development and social progress. In recent decades, a global transition has occurred from fossil-fuel-based energy sources to renewable alternatives such as solar, wind, hydropower, geothermal energy, and green hydrogen. These resources are considered clean and sustainable as they reduce greenhouse gas emissions and help mitigate climate change while offering significant socio-economic benefits. Rapid population growth and industrial expansion have intensified energy demand, making the adoption of alternative energy sources essential. For India, renewable energy provides a practical solution to its rising energy requirements. Government initiatives such as the Make in India program, along with supportive policies, have encouraged domestic manufacturing and attracted foreign investment, generating employment opportunities across sectors. In 2022, India became the world's fourth-largest producer of renewable energy, strengthening energy security and promoting sustainable development. The target of achieving 500 GW by 2030 further enhances opportunities for private-sector participation and technological advancement.