Published Paper Details:

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by glucose intolerance first recognized during pregnancy, affecting approximately 4-14% of pregnancies worldwide. It results from insulin resistance and ?-cell dysfunction caused by placental hormones such as human placental lactogen, progesterone, and cortisol. Uncontrolled GDM poses risks for both the mother and fetus, including macrosomia, preeclampsia, and future development of Type 2 diabetes.Physiotherapy plays a vital role in managing GDM by promoting glucose control, improving insulin sensitivity, maintaining optimal body weight, and enhancing overall maternal health. Structured exercise programs including aerobic exercises (walking, swimming, cycling), resistance training, and flexibility routines help regulate blood glucose levels and prevent complications. Following the FITT (Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type) principle, moderate-intensity physical activity for at least 150 minutes per week, combined with strength training twice weekly, is recommended.This study emphasizes that physiotherapy-based exercise interventions are safe, effective, and essential components of GDM management when integrated with medical nutrition therapy and pharmacological care. Regular physiotherapy-guided physical activity improves metabolic control, reduces insulin requirements, and contributes to healthier pregnancy outcomes for both mother and child.