Published Paper Details:

Transdermal drug delivery systems are gaining significant attention as an effective alternative to conventional oral supplements, particularly in sports nutrition, where users seek non-invasive and sustained-release solutions. This review highlights the development and evaluation of an innovative herbal transdermal pre-workout patch designed to enhance both physical endurance and mental alertness. The formulation integrates a synergistic blend of natural bioactive--caffeine for energy and focus, Ashwagandha for endurance and stress regulation, ginger for thermogenesis and anti-inflammatory support, and zinc for hormonal and immune balance. These actives are incorporated within a polymeric matrix that ensures structural integrity and controlled release over time. Functional excipients, including glycerine, oleic acid, and a water-ethanol solvent system, are used to improve skin permeability and biocompatibility, promoting steady transdermal absorption into systemic circulation to match pre-exercise physiological needs. Current advancements emphasize the combination of herbal pharmacology with innovative delivery technologies to meet consumer demands for clean-label, personalized, and multifunctional wellness products. Despite their promise, such systems face challenges related to large-scale clinical validation, long-term safety assessment, and regulatory harmonization across global markets. This review underscores the importance of comprehensive physicochemical and pharmacodynamic evaluation to ensure efficacy and safety. Looking ahead, smart transdermal systems incorporating wearable technology, biosensors, and adaptive dosing strategies represent the next frontier in personalized supplementation, potentially transforming pre-workout nutrition and performance enhancement.