Published Paper Details:

Background: Tinnitus is one of the most distressing conditions that can markedly impair a patient's quality of life and productivity. Although not life-threatening, it often leads to emotional distress, cognitive impairment, intrusive auditory perceptions, sleep disturbances, and various somatic complaints. Its incidence and prevalence are steadily increasing. Current management strategies include anticonvulsants, anxiolytics, antidepressants, muscle relaxants, and other pharmacological agents, yet evidence supporting their long-term efficacy over potential risks remains limited. Similarly, the role of invasive and non-invasive neurostimulation therapies is not well established. Even advanced interventions such as cochlear implantation and hearing aid development have yielded inconsistent results. Materials and Methods: Literature related to tinnitus and Karnanada was reviewed from classical Ayurvedic texts, their commentaries, and contemporary medical sources. Results: There is a pressing need for therapeutic approaches that are safe, effective, reproducible, and widely accepted. Such treatments should aim to significantly alleviate both the intensity and the impact of tinnitus. Discussion: The multifactorial etiology and often unclear pathogenesis of tinnitus pose challenges in formulating a definitive treatment protocol in modern medicine, making prognosis uncertain. In contrast, Ayurveda provides a clearer understanding of Karnanada , with detailed descriptions of its prognosis and treatment modalities, which may offer more satisfactory outcomes. Conclusion: Ayurvedic management, particularly when integrated with herbal formulations, shows promising potential in addressing tinnitus (Karnanada). It can serve as a valuable complementary approach alongside modern therapeutic options.