Published Paper Details:

Abstract: Cybersecurity has evolved to be a basic protection tool to the backbone of our digital world system. Its purpose is to ensure that the networks, applications and data used in the modern society is secure, private as well as resilient. Since the pace of digital transformation increases and the massive expansion of data, devices and cloud services increase opportunities and vulnerabilities, one can quite readily spot where these obstacles are encountered. The ever-changing nature of the developing technologies of Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and cloud computing pose a growing threat to the adversaries. This paper gives the overall picture of key security trends of 2020-2025. Specifically, we pay attention to such recent developments as Explainable AI (XAI), Zero-Trust Architectures, blockchain-based security, and AI-based defence in the context of cloud, edge, and IoT environments. The classification of the cyberattacks also includes their sources, i.e., the exploits in the web or application layer, attacks that were based on the access to the device, quantum attacks, and AI-enabled attacks, which precondition the comprehensive picture of the threat landscape. Lastly, the paper suggests the key issues in the field, the gaps in the research, and the road-map of creating resilient, adaptive, and intelligent cyber security solutions that can adopt AI, blockchain, and Zero-Trust to enhance the performance of digital defence strategies.