Published Paper Details:

Accidental displacement of tooth or root fragments into the maxillary sinus during dental extraction is an uncommon but potentially serious complication in oral and maxillofacial practice. It most frequently involves maxillary posterior teeth, particularly the palatal roots of first molars, mesiobuccal roots of second molars, and third molars, due to their close anatomical proximity to the sinus floor. Displacement may occur because of thin or pneumatized sinus floors, root morphology, excessive extraction force, pre-existing pathology, or inadequate surgical technique. Clinically, patients may present with sudden disappearance of a tooth during extraction, oroantral communication, nasal regurgitation, sinus congestion, facial swelling, or purulent discharge. Diagnosis is guided by imaging modalities, with cone-beam computed tomography being the gold standard. Management involves immediate care, surgical retrieval via approaches such as Caldwell-Luc, functional endoscopic sinus surgery, or conservative intraoral techniques, and interdisciplinary collaboration. Preventive measures, prompt recognition, and tailored management are essential to minimize complications and preserve sinus and oral function.