Published Paper Details:

Abstract This research paper examines the relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and financial performance in two leading Indian firms--Infosys Ltd. from the Information Technology sector and Maruti Suzuki India Ltd. from the Automobile sector. Both industries represent contrasting operational models, stakeholder expectations, and CSR approaches. Using secondary data from annual reports, sustainability disclosures, and financial statements from 2018 to 2023, this study investigates how CSR expenditure and initiatives affect profitability indicators such as Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Earnings Per Share (EPS). Findings reveal that Infosys demonstrates a consistent positive linkage between CSR investments and financial performance, driven by its sustainability-driven strategy and strong governance culture. Maruti Suzuki, while also investing heavily in CSR--particularly in road safety and environmental initiatives--shows moderate financial linkage due to cyclical market conditions and manufacturing costs. The comparative analysis highlights that the nature and effectiveness of CSR depend on the firm's industry context, stakeholder orientation, and strategic alignment. The study concludes that CSR, when integrated strategically, enhances corporate reputation, operational efficiency, and long-term shareholder value.