Published Paper Details:

Anemia, primarily driven by nutritional deficiencies, remains one of the most pressing global health challenges, affecting an estimated 1.9 billion people worldwide. Iron deficiency is the leading cause, but inadequate intake of folate, vitamin B12, and vitamin A also contribute significantly to the burden. The condition disproportionately impacts women of reproductive age, infants, and young children, leading to impaired cognitive development, reduced physical capacity, increased maternal and child mortality, and long-term socioeconomic consequences. Beyond dietary insufficiency, infections such as malaria, hookworm, and HIV, as well as chronic diseases, exacerbate anemia prevalence, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Despite global targets set by the World Health Organization to reduce anemia by 50% in women of reproductive age by 2025, progress has been slow due to persistent poverty, food insecurity, and limited access to healthcare. Addressing this multifactorial condition requires integrated strategies, including micronutrient supplementation, large-scale food fortification, infection control, improved sanitation, and strengthened health systems. Community-based nutrition education and promotion of dietary diversity are also essential. Combating anemia is not only a medical necessity but also a socioeconomic imperative, as reducing its prevalence can enhance human capital, productivity, and overall global development.