Published Paper Details:

Pan facial fractures represent one of the most challenging scenarios in trauma and reconstructive surgery. In addition to complex skeletal disorganization, surgeons and anaesthesiologists must address life-threatening airway compromise. The decision regarding airway management is critical, as it directly influences surgical access, patient safety, and long-term outcomes. Conventional orotracheal and nasotracheal intubation techniques are often precluded due to fracture patterns, cerebrospinal fluid leaks, or the need for intraoperative maxillomandibular fixation. Over the past three decades, alternative strategies such as submental intubation, submandibular intubation, tracheostomy, and fibreoptic techniques have evolved to address these unique needs. This review consolidates current evidence on airway management strategies in pan facial fractures, examining indications, technical considerations, complications, and outcomes. Algorithmic approaches are proposed to guide clinical decision-making, while highlighting innovations such as ultrasound-assisted techniques.